JavaWeb-Filter过滤器

Filter：过滤器 ，用来过滤网站的数据；

• 处理中文乱码
• 登录验证…

开发步骤:

1. 导包
2. 编写过滤器

• 导包不要错(javax.servlet)

3. 实现Filer接口,重写对应方法即可

package com.kwok.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

    // 初始化:web服务器启动的时候，会初始化
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter过滤器初始化！");
    }
    // filterChain: 链
    /*
    1. 过滤中的所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
    2. 必须要让过滤器继续同行
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    */
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse); // 让我们的请求继续走，如果不写，程序到这里就被拦截了
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后");
    }

    // 销毁：web服务器关闭的时候，会销毁
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter过滤器销毁！");
    }
}

4. 在web.xml中配置Filter映射

	<filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.kwok.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <!--只要是servlet下的任何请求，都会经过这个过滤器-->
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

再写个一般未过滤接口进行对比：

package com.kwok.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().write("你好，世界！");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
	<servlet>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kwok.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

测试：