Qt之简单16位加密(AES加密)

#ifndef AES_H
#define AES_H

#include <QFile>
#include <QObject>
typedef unsigned char byte;

enum KeySize // key size, in bits, for construtor
{
    Bits128 = 16,
    Bits192 = 24,
    Bits256 = 32
};

class QFile;

class AES
{
public:
    AES(int keySize, unsigned char* key);

private:
    static const unsigned char Sbox[16*16];
    static const unsigned char iSbox[16*16];
    static const unsigned char Rcon[11*4];

    int Nb;         // block size in 32-bit words.  Always 4 for AES.  (128 bits).
    int Nk;         // key size in 32-bit words.  4, 6, 8.  (128, 192, 256 bits).
    int Nr;         // number of rounds. 10, 12, 14.

    unsigned char key[32];     // the seed key. size will be 4 * keySize from ctor.
    unsigned char w[16*15];      // key schedule array. (Nb*(Nr+1))*4
    unsigned char State[4][4];  // State matrix

private:
    void RunKeyExpansion(int keySize, unsigned char* keyBytes);
    void SetNbNkNr(int keyS);
    void KeyExpansion();
    void AddRoundKey(int round);
    void SubWord(unsigned char * word,unsigned char* result);
    void RotWord(unsigned char * word,unsigned char* result);
    void SubBytes();
    void InvSubBytes();
    void ShiftRows();
    void InvShiftRows();
    void MixColumns();
    void InvMixColumns();
    unsigned char gfmultby01(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby02(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby03(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby09(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby0b(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby0d(unsigned char b);
    unsigned char gfmultby0e(unsigned char b);

public:
    void Cipher(unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output);
    void InvCipher(unsigned char * input, unsigned char * output);
};

#endif // AES_H

#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>
#include <string.h>
#include "aes.h"

const unsigned char AES::Sbox[16*16]=
{// populate the Sbox matrix
 /* 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9     a     b     c     d     e     f */
 /*0*/  0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76,
 /*1*/  0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0,
 /*2*/  0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15,
 /*3*/  0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75,
 /*4*/  0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84,
 /*5*/  0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf,
 /*6*/  0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8,
 /*7*/  0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2,
 /*8*/  0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73,
 /*9*/  0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb,
 /*a*/  0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,
 /*b*/  0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08,
 /*c*/  0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a,
 /*d*/  0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e,
 /*e*/  0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf,
 /*f*/  0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16
};

const unsigned char AES::iSbox[16*16]=
{
    // populate the iSbox matrix
    /* 0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9     a     b     c     d     e     f */
    /*0*/  0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb,
    /*1*/  0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb,
    /*2*/  0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e,
    /*3*/  0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25,
    /*4*/  0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92,
    /*5*/  0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84,
    /*6*/  0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06,
    /*7*/  0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b,
    /*8*/  0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73,
    /*9*/  0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e,
    /*a*/  0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b,
    /*b*/  0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4,
    /*c*/  0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f,
    /*d*/  0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef,
    /*e*/  0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
    /*f*/  0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d
};

const unsigned char AES::Rcon[11*4]=
{
    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x1b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
    0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

AES::AES(int keySize, unsigned char *key)
{
    RunKeyExpansion(keySize, key);
}

void AES::RunKeyExpansion(int keySize, unsigned char* keyBytes)
{
    SetNbNkNr(keySize); /* 设置密钥块数和轮数 */
    memcpy(key, keyBytes, keySize);/* 字符串拷贝函数，把keyBytes的keysize个字符复制到key中 */
    KeyExpansion(); /* 密钥扩展，必须提前做的初始化 */
}

void AES::SetNbNkNr(int keyS)
{
    Nb = 4;     // block size always = 4 words = 16 bytes = 128 bits for AES
    if (keyS == Bits128)
    {
        Nk = 4;   /* 4*4字节，128位密钥，10轮加密 */
        Nr = 10;
    }
    else if (keyS == Bits192)
    {
        Nk = 6;   /* 6*4字节，192位密钥，12轮加密 */
        Nr = 12;
    }
    else if (keyS == Bits256)
    {
        Nk = 8;   /* 8*4字节，256位密钥，14轮加密 */
        Nr = 14;
    }
}
/* 密码加密 */
void AES::KeyExpansion()
{
    unsigned char result[4],result2[4];
    /* 直接开辟空间,直接开辟最大的空间 */
    memset(w,0,16*15);
    int row;
    /* 扩展密钥的前Nk个字就是基密钥Key，Nk=4,6,8得到初始密码 */
    for (row = 0; row < Nk; row++){
        w[4*row+0] =  key[4*row];
        w[4*row+1] =  key[4*row+1];
        w[4*row+2] =  key[4*row+2];
        w[4*row+3] =  key[4*row+3];
    }
    unsigned char temp[4];
    for (row = Nk; row < Nb * (Nr+1); row++){
        temp[0] =  w[4*(row-1)+0];
        temp[1] =  w[4*(row-1)+1];
        temp[2] =  w[4*(row-1)+2];
        temp[3] =  w[4*(row-1)+3];
        /* 如果i是Nk的倍数，则w[i]=w[i-Nk] XOR SubWord(RotWord(w[i-1])) XOR Rcon[i/Nk] */
        if (row % Nk == 0){
            /* 接受 4 字节的数组并将它们向左旋转位移 1 位 */
            RotWord(temp,result);
            /* 把一个4字节的基密钥序列[a0，a1，a2，a3]，左移一个字节变为[a1，a2，a3，a0] */
            SubWord(result,result2);
            memcpy(temp,result2,4);
            /* Rcon[i]表示32比特字符串[xi-1，00，00，00] */
            temp[0] = (byte)( (int)temp[0] ^ (int) Rcon[4*(row/Nk)+0] );
            temp[1] = (byte)( (int)temp[1] ^ (int) Rcon[4*(row/Nk)+1] );
            temp[2] = (byte)( (int)temp[2] ^ (int) Rcon[4*(row/Nk)+2] );
            temp[3] = (byte)( (int)temp[3] ^ (int) Rcon[4*(row/Nk)+3] );
        }else if ( Nk > 6 && (row % Nk == 4) ){
            /* 以后的字w[i]等于它前一个字w[i-1]与前第Nk个字w[i-Nk]的异或，即w[i]=w[i-1] XOR w[i-Nk] */
            SubWord(temp,result);
            memcpy(temp,result,4);
        }
        // w[row] = w[row-Nk] xor temp
        w[4*row+0] = (byte) ( (int) w[4*(row-Nk)+0] ^ (int)temp[0] );
        w[4*row+1] = (byte) ( (int) w[4*(row-Nk)+1] ^ (int)temp[1] );
        w[4*row+2] = (byte) ( (int) w[4*(row-Nk)+2] ^ (int)temp[2] );
        w[4*row+3] = (byte) ( (int) w[4*(row-Nk)+3] ^ (int)temp[3] );
    }
}
/* 1.1: 密钥扩展 位置变换,把一个4字节的基密钥序列[a0，a1，a2，a3]，左移一个字节变为[a1，a2，a3，a0]。 */
void AES::RotWord(unsigned char * word,unsigned char *result)
{
    result[0] = word[1];
    result[1] = word[2];
    result[2] = word[3];
    result[3] = word[0];
}
/* 1.2: 密钥扩展位置变换, 对一个4字节的输入字[a0，a1，a2，a3]，每一个字节进行S盒变换 */
void AES::SubWord(unsigned char * word,unsigned char* result)
{
    result[0] =  Sbox[ 16*(word[0] >> 4)+ (word[0] & 0x0f) ];
    result[1] =  Sbox[ 16*(word[1] >> 4)+ (word[1] & 0x0f) ];
    result[2] =  Sbox[ 16*(word[2] >> 4)+ (word[2] & 0x0f) ];
    result[3] =  Sbox[ 16*(word[3] >> 4)+ (word[3] & 0x0f) ];
}
/* 2: 轮密钥加(Add Round Key) */
void AES::AddRoundKey(int round)
{
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            /* 经过扩展的密钥，根据加密的轮数用相应的扩展密钥的4个数据项和中间状态矩阵上的列进行按位异或 */
            State[r][c]=(unsigned char)((int)State[r][c]^(int)w[4*((round*4)+c)+r]);
        }
    }
}
/* 3.1: 字节替代，从S-Box中找出S[A]=S[x,y]的值，其中A为输入矩阵任一元素。 */
void AES::SubBytes()
{
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            State[r][c] =  Sbox[ 16*(State[r][c] >> 4)+ ( State[r][c] & 0x0f) ];
        }
    }
}
/* 3.2: 逆变换字节替代，将S-Box中的S[x,y]=S[A],其中A为输入矩阵任一元素。 */
void AES::InvSubBytes()
{
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            State[r][c] =  iSbox[ 16*( State[r][c] >> 4)+( State[r][c] & 0x0f) ];
        }
    }
}
/* 4.1: 行移位，第一行维持不变，第二、第三、第四行的每个字节向左循环移位的偏移量分别为1格，2格，3格 */
void AES::ShiftRows()
{
    unsigned char temp[4*4];
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){/* copy State into temp[] */
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            temp[4*r+c] =  State[r][c];
        }
    }
    for (r = 1; r < 4; r++){/* shift temp into State */
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            State[r][c] = temp[ 4*r+ (c + r) % Nb ];
        }
    }
}
/* 4.2: 逆变换行移位 */
void AES::InvShiftRows()
{
    unsigned char temp[4*4];
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){/* copy State into temp[] */
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            temp[4*r+c] =  State[r][c];
        }
    }
    for (r = 1; r < 4; r++){
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){/* shift temp into State */
            State[r][ (c + r) % Nb ] = temp[4*r+c];
        }
    }
}
/* 5.1: 列混淆 */
void AES::MixColumns()
{
    unsigned char temp[4*4];
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++){
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
            temp[4*r+c] =  State[r][c];
        }
    }

    for (c = 0; c < 4; c++){
        State[0][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby02(temp[0+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby03(temp[4*1+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[1][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby01(temp[0+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby02(temp[4*1+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby03(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[2][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby01(temp[0+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*1+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby02(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby03(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[3][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby03(temp[0+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*1+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby01(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby02(temp[4*3+c]) );
    }
}
/* 5.2: 逆变换列混淆 */
void AES::InvMixColumns()
{
    unsigned char temp[4*4];
    int r,c;
    for (r = 0; r < 4; r++)  // copy State into temp[]
    {
        for (c = 0; c < 4; c++)
        {
            temp[4*r+c] =  State[r][c];
        }
    }

    for (c = 0; c < 4; c++)
    {
        State[0][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby0e(temp[c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0b(temp[4+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby0d(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby09(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[1][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby09(temp[c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0e(temp[4+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby0b(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0d(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[2][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby0d(temp[c]) ^ (int)gfmultby09(temp[4+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby0e(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0b(temp[4*3+c]) );
        State[3][c] = (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby0b(temp[c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0d(temp[4+c]) ^
                                        (int)gfmultby09(temp[4*2+c]) ^ (int)gfmultby0e(temp[4*3+c]) );
    }
}
/* 5.3: 列混淆互换操作 */
unsigned char AES::gfmultby01(unsigned char b)
{
    return b;
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby02(unsigned char b)
{
    if (b < 0x80)
        return (unsigned char)(int)(b <<1);
    else
        return (unsigned char)( (int)(b << 1) ^ (int)(0x1b) );
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby03(unsigned char b)
{
    return (unsigned char) ( (int)gfmultby02(b) ^ (int)b );
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby09(unsigned char b)
{
    return (unsigned char)( (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b))) ^
                            (int)b );
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby0b(unsigned char b)
{
    return (unsigned char)( (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b))) ^
                            (int)gfmultby02(b) ^
                            (int)b );
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby0d(unsigned char b)
{
    return (unsigned char)( (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b))) ^
                            (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b)) ^
                            (int)(b) );
}

unsigned char AES::gfmultby0e(unsigned char b)
{
    return (unsigned char)( (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b))) ^
                            (int)gfmultby02(gfmultby02(b)) ^
                            (int)gfmultby02(b) );
}
void AES::Cipher(unsigned char* input, unsigned char* output)
{
    int i;
    /* 清空存放输入数组 */
    memset(&State[0][0],0,16);
    /* 将输入的明文按照列顺序组合4x4的矩阵 */
    for (i = 0; i < (4 * Nb); i++){
        State[i % 4][ i / 4] = input[i];
    }
    /* 直接与第0组密钥W[0,3](即基密钥Key)进行异或，作为轮加密的输入 */
    AddRoundKey(0);
    /* 循环进行字节替代、行位移、列混淆、轮密钥加运算 */
    for (int round = 1; round <= (Nr - 1); round++){
        SubBytes();
        ShiftRows();
        MixColumns();
        AddRoundKey(round);
    }
    /* 最后一轮运算不进行列混淆变换 */
    SubBytes();
    ShiftRows();
    AddRoundKey(Nr);

    /* 最后，输出128位的密文比特流 */
    for (i = 0; i < (4 * Nb); i++){
        output[i] =  State[i % 4][ i / 4];
    }

}

void AES::InvCipher(unsigned char * input, unsigned char * output)
{
    int i;
    /* 清空存放输入数组 */
    memset(&State[0][0],0,16);
    /* 将输入的明文按照列顺序组合4x4的矩阵 */
    for (i = 0; i < (4 * Nb); i++){
        State[i % 4][ i / 4] = input[i];
    }
    /* 最后一轮运直接进行异或 */
    AddRoundKey(Nr);

    /* 循环进行行位移、字节替代、轮密钥加运算、 列混淆*/
    for (int round = Nr-1; round >= 1; round--){
        InvShiftRows();
        InvSubBytes();
        AddRoundKey(round);
        InvMixColumns();
    }

    InvShiftRows();
    InvSubBytes();
    AddRoundKey(0);

    /* 最后，输出解密的128位的密文比特流 */
    for (i = 0; i < (4 * Nb); i++){
        output[i] =  State[i % 4][ i / 4];
    }

}

#include <QApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QString>
#include <QFile>
#include "stdio.h"
#include "aes.h"

static unsigned char key[] =
{
    0x2b, 0x7e, 0x15, 0x16,
    0x28, 0xae, 0xd2, 0xa6,
    0xab, 0xf7, 0x15, 0x88,
    0x09, 0xcf, 0x4f, 0x3c
};
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    unsigned char output[16] = { 0 };
    unsigned char inv_input[16] = { 0 };
    AES aes(Bits128,key);
    QString input_str = "hello world!!!";
    QString output_str;
    qDebug() << "input = " << input_str;
    aes.Cipher((unsigned char*)input_str.toLatin1().data(),output);
    qDebug() << "After Ciphe = " << QString((const char*)&output);

    aes.InvCipher(output,inv_input);
    qDebug() << "After InvCipher = " << QString((const char*)&inv_input);

    return app.exec();
}

参考:

 https://blog.csdn.net/Jungle_Rao/article/details/89214397?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-title-5&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242

https://blog.csdn.net/tandesir/article/details/8040872