Centos8编译安装mariadb-10.5.9

一、安装mariadb的依赖包

[root@ServerA ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004 (Core) 
[root@ServerA ~]# # yum install wget bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boost-devel gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel make -y

二、下载并解压mariadb-10.5.9

下载链接地址：
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/mariadb-10.5.9/source/mariadb-10.5.9.tar.gz

[root@ServerA ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/mariadb-10.5.9/source/mariadb-10.5.9.tar.gz
[root@ServerA ~]# tar xvf mariadb-10.5.9.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@ServerA ~]# cd /usr/local/mariadb-10.5.9/

三、编译安装mariadb

• 预编译

[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]#  cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mariadb \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mariadb/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mariadb \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITHOUT_TOKUDB=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]# echo $?     # 0 表示上面一条语句执行成功
0

• 编译并安装

[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]# make && make install

四、配置启动文件及权限

[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/
[root@localhost mariadb]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mariadb mysql
[root@localhost mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mariadb]# mkdir -p /data/mariadb/
[root@localhost mariadb]# chown -R mysql. /data/mariadb
[root@localhost mariadb]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mariadb/

五、配置数据库文件

[root@localhost mariadb]# vim /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb/
datadir=/data/mariadb/
port=3306
pid-file=/data/mariadb/mysql.pid
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mariadb/mysql.log

[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

六、数据库初始化

[root@localhost mariadb]# /usr/local/mariadb/scripts/mariadb-install-db --datadir=/data/mariadb/ 
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mariadb/' ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system


Two all-privilege accounts were created.
One is root@localhost, it has no password, but you need to
be system 'root' user to connect. Use, for example, sudo mysql
The second is root@localhost, it has no password either, but
you need to be the system 'root' user to connect.
After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be
able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/mariadb/'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

七、更改目录权限

//安装目录权限改为root
[root@localhost mariadb]# chown -R root. /usr/local/mariadb/
//数据目录权限改为mysql
[root@localhost mariadb]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mariadb/

八、启动并登录mariadb

[root@localhost mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Reloading systemd:                                         [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  OK  ]

• 设置开机自启

[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]# chkconfig --add mysqld

• 登录数据库

[root@localhost mariadb]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.4.13-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

九、数据安全配置

[root@localhost mariadb]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql_secure_installation 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost mariadb]# 

十、配置环境变量

//配置变量脚本
[root@localhost mariadb]# echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mariadb/bin:$PATH" >/etc/profile.d/mariadb.sh
//执行脚本
[root@localhost mariadb]# . /etc/profile.d/mariadb.sh 
//就可以直接以mysql登录了
[root@ServerA mariadb-10.5.9]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 17
Server version: 10.5.9-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)