SQL Case When Then Else End 多条件判断

1、简单CASE WHEN函数

CASE SCORE WHEN 'A' THEN '优' ELSE '不及格' END
CASE SCORE WHEN 'B' THEN '良' ELSE '不及格' END
CASE SCORE WHEN 'C' THEN '中' ELSE '不及格' END

2、CASE WHEN条件表达式函数

CASE WHEN condition THEN result
 
[WHEN...THEN...]
 
ELSE result
 
END

condition是一个返回布尔类型的表达式，如果表达式返回true，则整个函数返回相应result的值，如果表达式皆为false，则返回ElSE后result的值，如果省略了ELSE子句，则返回NULL
3、使用场景

• 场景1
  有分数score，score<60返回不及格，score>=60返回及格，score>=80返回优秀

SELECT
    STUDENT_NAME,
    (CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN '不及格'
        WHEN score >= 60 AND score < 80 THEN '及格'
        WHEN score >= 80 THEN '优秀'
        ELSE '异常' END) AS REMARK
FROM
    TABLE

• 场景2
  现老师要统计班中，有多少男同学，多少女同学，并统计男同学中有几人及格，女同学中有几人及格，要求用一个SQL输出结果。

SELECT 
    SUM (CASE WHEN STU_SEX = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS MALE_COUNT,
    SUM (CASE WHEN STU_SEX = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS FEMALE_COUNT,
    SUM (CASE WHEN STU_SCORE >= 60 AND STU_SEX = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS MALE_PASS,
    SUM (CASE WHEN STU_SCORE >= 60 AND STU_SEX = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS FEMALE_PASS
FROM 
    THTF_STUDENTS

• 场景3

ELECT 
    E_CODE,
    SUM(CASE WHEN E_TYPE = 0 THEN E_VALUE ELSE 0 END) AS WATER_ENERGY,--水耗
    SUM(CASE WHEN E_TYPE = 1 THEN E_VALUE ELSE 0 END) AS ELE_ENERGY,--电耗
    SUM(CASE WHEN E_TYPE = 2 THEN E_VALUE ELSE 0 END) AS HEAT_ENERGY--热耗
FROM 
    THTF_ENERGY_TEST
GROUP BY
    E_CODE