MySQL在linux上的离线安装

1.windows上的安装：

        1.在官网上下载压缩包MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/        2.在管理员的dos窗口下切换到mysql的bin目录下

        3.运行  mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql

                    mysqld -install

                    net start mysql

可能会遇到的问题：缺少dll文件。

解决方法：下载一个《微软常用运行库合集 2021.11.09.exe》安装一下。

2.在linux上的离线安装

        所需要的包：

                有关于libaio的包

                        1.libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686.rpm

                        2.libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        3.libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

                有关于mysql的包

                        1.mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        2.mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        3.mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        4.mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        5.mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

        步骤：

                1.查询并卸载系统自带的Mariadb

                        rpm -qa | grep mariadb
                        rpm -e --nodeps 文件名

                2.查询并卸载系统老旧版本的Mysql

                        rpm -qa | grep mysql
                        rpm -e --nodeps 文件名

                 3.安装libaio环境
                        rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686.rpm
                        rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
                        rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

                 4.执行Rpm包安装
                        rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                        rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

                   5.启动mysql服务
                            查看mysql服务是否启动
                                    systemctl status mysqld
                            启动服务：
                                    systemctl start mysqld

                   6.重置root密码
                            查看随机生成的密码
                                    grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

                                    mysql -u root -p
                                    mysql> Enter password: （输入刚才查询到的随机密码）

                             修改root用户密码
                                    降低密码的等级和复杂度
                                    set global validate_password.policy=0;
                                    set global validate_password.length=4;
                                    set global validate_password.check_user_name=OFF;
                                    set global validate_password.number_count=0;
                                    set global validate_password.special_char_count=0;
                                    flush privileges;

                                    alter user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

                    7.开放外部网段访问3306端口
                            use mysql;
                            select host,user,authentication_string,plugin from user;
                            update user set host="%" where user='root';
                            flush privileges;
                            alter user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
                            flush privileges;