protobuf3 import的使用和多proto代码生成和cmake中引用protobuf

市面上大多博客没介绍如何组建多目录，多proto的项目经验，如果本博客经验如果能帮到你，那真是太好了

本次代码生成C++代码，测试用例采用gtest进行搭建，工程目录如下：

hobby.proto 位于protocol/hobby下，内容入下：

syntax = "proto3";

enum Hobby {
    kGame = 0;
    kSwim = 1;
    kFootball = 2;
    kBasketball = 3;
    kTableTennis = 4;
    kImAWaste = 5;
}

我在basic_data.proto中以public的形式导入hobby.proto,basic_data.proto 位于protocol/basic_data下，内容入下：

syntax = "proto3";

// 把包名去掉等于本proto内为全局命名空间  把包名加上则为basic_data命名空间
package basic_data;

import public "hobby/hobby.proto";
// import "google/protobuf/any.proto";

message student
{
    message individual_info
    {
        string address = 1;
        string birthday = 2;
        bool is_male = 3;
    }

    int32 index = 1;
    individual_info info = 2;
    string name = 3;
}

message student_list
{
    repeated student students = 1;
}

在shell脚本中进行代码生成，脚本如下：

#!/bin/bash

PROTOCOL_PATH=./protocol

declare -a PROTOCOL_ARRAY=(hobby basic_data)

for i in ${PROTOCOL_ARRAY[@]}
do
:
# --cpp_out基于PROTOCOL_PATH，再相对于--proto_path下的文件目录创建产物的路径
# 如: 产物hobby.pb.*的路径为: ./protocol + booby/ ===> ./protocol/booby
    protoc --cpp_out=${PROTOCOL_PATH} ${i}/${i}.proto --proto_path=${PROTOCOL_PATH}
done

执行后，生成的.h 和 .cc出现在下图所示位子：

然后我的测试代码如下：

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include "protocol/basic_data/basic_data.pb.h"

TEST(serialize_and_parse_unittest, TEST1) {
  using namespace basic_data;
  
  student liming{};
  liming.set_name("liming");
  liming.set_index(1);
  if (auto liming_individual_info = liming.mutable_info();
      liming_individual_info) {
    liming_individual_info->set_address("china");
    liming_individual_info->set_birthday("29/2/1996");
    liming_individual_info->set_is_male(true);
  }

  student xiaohong{};
  xiaohong.set_name("xiaohong");
  xiaohong.set_index(2);
  if (auto xiaohong_individual_info = xiaohong.mutable_info();
      xiaohong_individual_info) {
    xiaohong_individual_info->set_address("china");
    xiaohong_individual_info->set_birthday("28/2/1996");
    xiaohong_individual_info->set_is_male(false);
  }

  // student_list
  student_list class_members{};
  class_members.add_students()->CopyFrom(liming);
  class_members.add_students()->CopyFrom(xiaohong);

  // serialize
  if (int fd = open("mark.txt", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0755); fd > 0) {
    class_members.SerializePartialToFileDescriptor(fd);
    close(fd);
  }

  // parse
  if (int fd = open("mark.txt", O_RDONLY, 0755); fd > 0) {
    class_members.Clear();
    class_members.ParseFromFileDescriptor(fd);
    close(fd);

    for (auto &&member : class_members.students()) {
      if (member.has_info()) {
        std::cout << "name:" << member.name() << "- :" << member.index()
                  << "\n";
        auto &&info = member.info();
        std::cout << "address:" << info.address() << "\n";
        std::cout << "birthday:" << info.birthday() << "\n";
        std::cout << "is_male:" << info.is_male() << "\n";
      }
    }
  }
}

CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)

set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")

project(protobuf_test
        LANGUAGES C CXX
)

set(PREFIX_THIS_PROJECT ..)
set(PROTOCOL_PATH ${PREFIX_THIS_PROJECT}/protocol)
file(GLOB_RECURSE PROTOCOL_CC ${PROTOCOL_PATH}/*.cc)

find_package(GTest REQUIRED)
find_package(Protobuf REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Protobuf_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories(${PREFIX_THIS_PROJECT})
include_directories(${PROTOCOL_PATH})

enable_testing()

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -fPIC -pipe -std=c++17 -fno-exceptions")

set(TEST_LIST
    serialize_and_parse_unittest
)

foreach(src ${TEST_LIST})
        add_executable(${src} ${src}.cc ${PROTOCOL_CC})
        target_link_libraries(${src} ${Protobuf_LIBRARIES} GTest::GTest GTest::Main)
        add_test(${src} ${src})
endforeach()