1.1JdbcTemplate 概述

它是 spring 框架中提供的一个对象,是对原始 Jdbc API 对象的简单封装。spring 框架为我们提供了很多的操作模板类。
操作关系型数据的:
         JdbcTemplate
         HibernateTemplate
   操作 nosql 数据库的:
         RedisTemplate
   操作消息队列的:
         JmsTemplate

我们今天的主角在 spring-jdbc-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar 中,我们在导包的时候,除了要导入这个 jar 包外,还需要导入一个 spring-tx-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar(它是和事务相关的)。

1.2JdbcTemplate 对象的创建

package com.itheima.jdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;

/**
 * JdbcTemplate的最基本写法
 */
public class JdbcTemplateDemo1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //准备数据源:spring内置数据源
        DriverManagerDataSource ds = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        ds.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        ds.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy_spring?characterEncoding=utf-8");
        ds.setUsername("root");
        ds.setPassword("root");


        //1、创建JdbcTemplate对象
        JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate();
        jt.setDataSource(ds);
        //2.执行操作
        jt.execute("insert into account(name,money) values ('ccc',1000)");
    }
}

通过Spring来获取对象

package com.itheima.jdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;

/**
 * JdbcTemplate的最基本写法
 */
public class JdbcTemplateDemo2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
       //1.获取Spring容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");

        //2.根据id 获取bean对象
        JdbcTemplate jt = (JdbcTemplate) ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate");

        //3.执行操作
        jt.update("insert into account (name,money) values ('eee',500)");



    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!--        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

<!--    配置JdbcTemplate-->
    <!--<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>-->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

通过jdbcTamplate实现CRUD

package com.itheima.jdbcTemplate;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.*;

public class JdbcTemplateDemo3 {
    /**
     * 保存操作
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.获取Spring容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");

        //2.根据id 获取bean对象
        JdbcTemplate jt = (JdbcTemplate) ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate");

        //3.执行保存操作

//            jt.update("insert into account (name,money) values (?,?)","fff",5000);

        //删除
//        jt.update("delete from account where id = ?",74);

        //查询所有
     /*   List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account " +
                "where money > ?",new AccountRowMapper(),500);

        for (Account o : accounts) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }
    }*/
        List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account " +
                "where money > ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),500);

        for (Account o : accounts) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }



        //查询一个
        /*
        List<Account> as = jt.query("select * from account where id = ?", new AccountRowMapper(), 2);

        System.out.println(as.isEmpty()?"没有结果":as.get(0));
        */

        //查询返回一行一列,使用聚合函数,在不适应group by字句时,返回一行一列,
        //最常用就是分页获取总记录条数
        Integer total = jt.queryForObject("select count(*) from account where money > ?",
                Integer.class, 500);
        System.out.println(total);

    }
    public static class AccountRowMapper implements RowMapper<Account> {
        @Override
        public Account mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
            Account account = new Account();
            account.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
            account.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            account.setMoney(rs.getFloat("money"));
            return account;
        }
    }


}

z这个地方可以通过两种方式来实现多行数据的查找

这个方法是最常用的,通过spring来封装数据给Account对象

这个方法就是通过自己来手动实现 封装

除了queryForObject,还要queryForList,queryForMap。这写都是通过自己手动来进行选择


通过实现Dao,来实现CRUD,并且,抽取其中重复的代码块

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

import javax.management.RuntimeMBeanException;
import java.util.*;
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IAccountDao {


    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        List<Account> accounts= super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        return accounts.isEmpty() ? null : accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        List<Account> accounts= super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));
        if(accounts.isEmpty()){
            return null;
        }
        if(accounts.size() > 1){
            throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
        }

        return accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        super.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set name=? , money=?,where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }
}

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl2 implements IAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;



    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        List<Account> accounts= jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ? ",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        return accounts.isEmpty() ? null : accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        List<Account> accounts= jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));
        if(accounts.isEmpty()){
            return null;
        }
        if(accounts.size() > 1){
            throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
        }

        return accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=? , money=?,where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }
}

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * 此类用于抽取dao中的重复代码
 */
public class JdbcDaoSupport {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }


    public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {
        return jdbcTemplate;
    }



    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        if(jdbcTemplate == null){
            jdbcTemplate = createJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
        }
    }

    private JdbcTemplate createJdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!--        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>-->
<!--  将datasource 注入到dao中-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

<!--    配置JdbcTemplate-->
    <!--<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>-->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

分析:

这里使用了三种方式来抽取重复的代码块

第一种:使用自己配置的JdbcDaoSupport,使用dao实现类 继承JdbcDaoSupport,从而使用父类的方法

得到JdbcTemplate对象。

第二种:使用spring的JdbcDaoSupport类,来继承

第三种:通过注解来获取