Spring&Mybatis整合及Spring中JDBCTemplate的使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-04 14:23:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-04 14:23:15 发布

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分类专栏：框架学习文章标签： mybatis spring mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41573860/article/details/115712393

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Spring和Mybatis整合

在mybatis中，操作数据库需要获取到SQLSession对象，而该对象的实例过程在mybatis是通过SQLSessionFactoryBuilder读取全局配置文件来实例化一个SQLSessionFactory，通过SQLSessionFactory来获取到SQLSession对象，而和spring整合过程中，可以通过单例的形式来管理SQLSessionFactory对象，mybatis-spring中提供了一个SQLSessionFactoryBean类来实例化SQLSessionFactory，SQLSessionFactory中需要必须的属性是DataSource与Mappers。

整合步骤如下

1、引入mybatis-spring

为了完成spring和mybatis的整合，由mybatis提供了一个整合jar包：mybatis-spring

        <!--mybatis和spring整合依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

完整的依赖文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>springTest</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>springTest</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
      <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
      <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.39</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

2.开发过程

mybatis全局配置文件(可以忽略)、Pojo类、Mapper.java接口文件和Mapper.xml配置文件

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.StudentMapper">
    <select id="selectStudentById" parameterType="int" resultType="org.example.bean.Student1">
        select * from Student where SID = #{SID}
    </select>
</mapper>

Student1

package org.example.bean;

/**
 * Description :
 * Created by Resumebb
 * Date :2021/3/26
 */
public class Student1 {
    /**
     * 和数据库中的Student表对应
     */
    private Integer SID;
    private String Sname;
    private String Ssex;
    private Integer Sage;
    //省略的getter和setter方法

    public Integer getSID() {
        return SID;
    }

    public void setSID(Integer SID) {
        this.SID = SID;
    }

    public String getSname() {
        return Sname;
    }

    public void setSname(String sname) {
        Sname = sname;
    }

    public String getSsex() {
        return Ssex;
    }

    public void setSsex(String ssex) {
        Ssex = ssex;
    }

    public Integer getSage() {
        return Sage;
    }

    public void setSage(Integer sage) {
        Sage = sage;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "com.pojo{" +
                "SID=" + SID +
                ", Sname='" + Sname + '\'' +
                ", Ssex='" + Ssex + '\'' +
                ", Sage=" + Sage +
                '}';
    }
}

3.spring-mybatis.xml配置

根据数据库信息注入数据源，并将相应的映射文件加载至xml中。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--        数据源配置-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!--        加载mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="mybatis-config.xml"></property>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="mapper/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

<!--    获取Studentapper的代理对象-->
    <bean id="studentMapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
        <property name="mapperInterface" value="org.example.dao.StudentMapper"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.测试

public class MybatisDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String path = "spring-mybatis.xml";

        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext classContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(path);
        StudentMapper studentMapper  = (StudentMapper)classContext.getBean("studentMapper");
        Student1 student1 = studentMapper.selectStudentById(1);
        System.out.println(student1);
    }
}

Spring中JDBCTemplate的使用

jdbcTemplate操作步骤

导入相关依赖

      <!--spring支持jdbc模板操作-->
     <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
     </dependency>

     <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
     </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.39</version>
      </dependency>

JDBCTemplate的使用

public class JDBCTemplateDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建对象，设置数据源信息
        DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        driverManagerDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        driverManagerDataSource.setUsername("root");
        driverManagerDataSource.setPassword("123456");

        //获取jdbc模板实例
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(driverManagerDataSource);

        //通过模板对象调用方法来执行相关操作
        //通过jdbcTemplate提供的update方法来完成变更操作（修改、新增、删除）
        //删除操作SQL
        String deleteSql = "delete from Student where SID = ?";
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(deleteSql, new Object[]{22});
        System.out.println(update);

        //查询操作（单个对象） 使用queryForObject方法
        String selectSql1 = "select * from Student where SID = ?";
        Student1 student1 = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(selectSql1, new Object[]{1}, new StudentMapper());
        System.out.println(student1);

        //查询操作(多个结果集对象) 使用query方法
        String selectSql2 = "select * from Student";
        List <Student1> student1List = jdbcTemplate.query(selectSql2, new StudentMapper());
        Iterator <Student1> iterator = student1List.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            System.out.println(iterator.next());
        }

    }
}

JDBCTemplate解决了JDBC结果集合Java代码的耦合性问题

实现一个RowMapper接口的实现类，手动完成数据库结果集和Java对象的映射

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student1> {
    @Override
    /**
     * jdbc模板能够完成自动映射为Java对象关键点在于实现RowMapper接口
     * 实现mapRow方法
     * ResultSet：数据库结果集
     * int ：类似数据库数据序号，从0开始
     * 返回类型：指定的Java对象
     * 该方法主要是完成ResultSet结果集手动映射为Java对象
     *
     */
    public Student1 mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
        Student1 student1 = new Student1();
        student1.setSID(resultSet.getInt("SID"));
        student1.setSage(resultSet.getString("Sage"));
        student1.setSname(resultSet.getString("Sname"));
        student1.setSsex(resultSet.getString("Ssex"));

        return student1;
    }
}

不管是单个结果集还是多个结果集都会代用到在RowMapper接口的实现类，数据库中每一条记录都会执行到mapRow方法。