线程-临界资源问题

线程-临界资源问题

同步代码块方法

用同步代码块解决临界资源问题

/**
* 同步代码块
* @param args
*/
public static void main( String[] args ){
    //实例化四个售票窗口
    Runnable world = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0){
                /**
                * synchronized ("") -->> 括号里面传入一个常量的，可以是字符串、int、对象、类等，就是不能是一个变量
                * 比如一个常量++,或者new object()对象，这样所就会发生改变了，
                * 也就是锁必须要每一个线程看到的锁是一样的
                */
                synchronized ("A"){
                if (TicketCenter.restCount<=0){
                return;
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"卖出一张票，剩余："+ --TicketCenter.restCount +"张票");
            }
        }
    }
    };
    //四个线程售票
    Thread t1 = new Thread(world,"world - 1");
    Thread t2 = new Thread(world,"world - 2");
    Thread t3 = new Thread(world,"world - 3");
    Thread t4 = new Thread(world,"world - 4");
    //开启线程
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
    t3.start();
    t4.start();
}

public class TicketCenter {
    static int restCount = 100;
}

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每一个线程在执行遇到synchronized (“A”) 要是没有拿到锁A的话就会进入锁池里面，争取cpu资源和锁，

然后执行。

同步方法

/**
 * 同步方法
 * @param args
 */
public static void main( String[] args ){
    //实例化四个售票窗口
    Runnable world = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0){
                soldTicket();
            }
        }
    };
    //四个线程售票
    Thread t1 = new Thread(world,"world - 1");
    Thread t2 = new Thread(world,"world - 2");
    Thread t3 = new Thread(world,"world - 3");
    Thread t4 = new Thread(world,"world - 4");
    //开启线程
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
    t3.start();
    t4.start();
}
public synchronized static void soldTicket(){
    if (TicketCenter.restCount<=0){
        return;
    }
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"卖出一张票，剩余："+ --TicketCenter.restCount +"张票");
}

---

在同步方法里面，方法是一个静态方法，则锁是当前类的class，方法是一个非静态方法里面，锁则是this

ReentrantLock锁

ReentrantLock是一个锁对象，可以实例化，

ReentrantLock.lock() 方法上锁，

ReentrantLock.unlock()释放锁。

/**
 *  使用ReentrantLock 上锁与解锁
 * @param args
 */
public static void main( String[] args ){
    //实例化锁对象
    final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    //实例化四个售票窗口
    Runnable world = new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0){
                lock.lock();
                if (TicketCenter.restCount<=0){
                    return;
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"卖出一张票，剩余："+ --TicketCenter.restCount +"张票");
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    };
    //四个线程售票
    Thread t1 = new Thread(world,"world - 1");
    Thread t2 = new Thread(world,"world - 2");
    Thread t3 = new Thread(world,"world - 3");
    Thread t4 = new Thread(world,"world - 4");
    //开启线程
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
    t3.start();
    t4.start();
}

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