scala中没有switch,但是有case,其case相当强大,有各种不同的匹配方式。
一.简单匹配,值匹配:
例 a:
val bools = List(true, false) for (bool <- bools) { bool match { case true => println("heads") case false => println("tails") case _ => println("something other than heads or tails (yikes!)") } }
例 b:
import scala.util.Random val randomInt = new Random().nextInt(10) randomInt match { case 7 => println("lucky seven!") case otherNumber => println("boo, got boring ol' " + otherNumber) }
二. 类型匹配
例a:
val sundries = List(23, "Hello", 8.5, 'q') for (sundry <- sundries) { sundry match { case i: Int => println("got an Integer: " + i) case s: String => println("got a String: " + s) case f: Double => println("got a Double: " + f) case other => println("got something else: " + other) } }
三 根据顺序匹配
val willWork = List(1, 3, 23, 90) val willNotWork = List(4, 18, 52) val empty = List() for (l <- List(willWork, willNotWork, empty)) { l match { case List(_, 3, _, _) => println("Four elements, with the 2nd being '3'.") case List(_*) => println("Any other list with 0 or more elements.") } }
四 case里面用 guard 的数组匹配:
val tupA = ("Good", "Morning!") val tupB = ("Guten", "Tag!") for (tup <- List(tupA, tupB)) { tup match { case (thingOne, thingTwo) if thingOne == "Good" => println("A two-tuple starting with 'Good'.") case (thingOne, thingTwo) =>println("This has two things: " + thingOne + " and " + thingTwo) } }
五 对象深度匹配:
case class Person(name: String, age: Int) val alice = new Person("Alice", 25) val bob = new Person("Bob", 32) val charlie = new Person("Charlie", 32) for (person <- List(alice, bob, charlie)) { person match { case Person("Alice", 25) => println("Hi Alice!") case Person("Bob", 32) => println("Hi Bob!") case Person(name, age) => println("Who are you, " + age + " year-old person named " + name + "?") } }
六 正则表达式匹配:
val BookExtractorRE = """Book: title=([^,]+),\s+authors=(.+)""".r val MagazineExtractorRE = """Magazine: title=([^,]+),\s+issue=(.+)""".r val catalog = List( "Book: title=Programming Scala, authors=Dean Wampler, Alex Payne", "Magazine: title=The New Yorker, issue=January 2009", "Book: title=War and Peace, authors=Leo Tolstoy", "Magazine: title=The Atlantic, issue=February 2009", "BadData: text=Who put this here??" ) for (item <- catalog) { item match { case BookExtractorRE(title, authors) => println("Book \"" + title + "\", written by " + authors) case MagazineExtractorRE(title, issue) => println("Magazine \"" + title + "\", issue " + issue) case entry => println("Unrecognized entry: " + entry) } }