Java二维数组数组深复制实验

一维数组

使用Arrays.copyOf()

        int[] one = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
        int[] one_copy = Arrays.copyOf(one, 5);
        one[1] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one));
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one_copy));
        one_copy[2] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one));
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one_copy));

运行结果

[1, 999, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 999, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 999, 4, 5]

可以看到，对于一维数组，无论修改原数组，还是修改复制后的数组，都不会互相影响。

System.arraycopy()

        int[] one = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
        int[] one_copy = new int[5];
        System.arraycopy(one, 0, one_copy, 0, 5);
        one[1] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one));
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one_copy));
        one_copy[2] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one));
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(one_copy));

运行结果

[1, 999, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 999, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 999, 4, 5]

同样，对于一维数组，无论修改原数组，还是修改复制后的数组，都不会互相影响。

二维数组

        int[][] two = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
//        int[][] two_copy = new int[2][3];
//        System.arraycopy(two, 0, two_copy, 0, 2);
        int[][] two_copy = Arrays.copyOf(two, 2);
        two[0][1] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two));
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two_copy));
        two_copy[1][2] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two));
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two_copy));

运行结果

[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 999]]
[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 999]]

可以看到，修改原数组后新数组也会被修改，修改新数组原数组也会被修改。
原因是对第二维每个数组的复制是浅复制。
正确的深复制方法是，遍历第一维，对第二维使用System.arraycopy()或Arrays.copyOf()

        int[][] two = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
        int[][] two_copy = new int[2][3];
        for (int i = 0; i < two_copy.length; i++) {
//            two_copy[i] = Arrays.copyOf(two[i], 3);
            System.arraycopy(two[i], 0, two_copy[i], 0, 3);
        }
        two[0][1] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two));
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two_copy));
        two_copy[1][2] = 999;
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two));
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(two_copy));

运行结果如下

[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
[[1, 999, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 999]]

这样对两个二维数组的改动不会互相影响。