设计模式--装饰者模式

背景需求

星巴克咖啡订单项目

1. 咖啡种类：意大利浓咖啡（Espresso），美式咖啡(LongBlack)，无因咖啡(Decaf)
2. 调料：Milk、Soy、Chocolate
3. 要求在拓展新的咖啡种类时，具有良好的拓展性，改动方便，维护方便
4. 计算不同种类咖啡的费用：客户可以单品咖啡，也可以单品咖啡+调料组合

定义

装饰者模式：动态的将新功能附加到对象上。在对象功能拓展方面，它比继承更有弹性，装饰者模式也体现了开闭原则（ocp）。

代码示例

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 15:55
 * @Desc
 */
public abstract class Drink {
    private String desc;
    private int price;

    abstract int cost();

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

    public void setDesc(String desc) {
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 16:06
 * @Desc 咖啡
 */
public class Coffee extends Drink{

    @Override
    int cost() {
        return super.getPrice();
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 15:57
 * @Desc 意大利浓咖啡
 */
public class Espresso extends Coffee{

    public Espresso() {
        setDesc("意大利浓咖啡");
        setPrice(10);
    }

    @Override
    int cost() {
        return super.getPrice();
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 15:59
 * @Desc 无因咖啡
 */
public class Decaf extends Coffee{

    public Decaf() {
        setDesc("无因咖啡");
        setPrice(15);
    }

    @Override
    int cost() {
        return super.getPrice();
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 16:00
 * @Desc 装饰者
 */
public class Decorator extends Drink{
    private Drink drink;

    public Decorator(Drink drink) {
        this.drink = drink;
    }


    @Override
    int cost() {
        return super.getPrice() + drink.cost();
    }


    @Override
    public String getDesc(){
        return super.getDesc() + "" + super.getPrice() + "&&" + drink.getDesc();
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 16:05
 * @Desc 调料：牛奶
 */
public class Milk extends Decorator{

    public Milk(Drink drink) {
        super(drink);
        setDesc("牛奶");
        setPrice(3);
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 16:04
 * @Desc 调料：巧克力
 */
public class Chocolate extends Decorator{

    public Chocolate(Drink drink) {
        super(drink);
        setDesc("巧克力");
        setPrice(5);
    }
}

package com.zjb.design.decorator;

/**
 * @Author Kim
 * @Date 2022/5/2 16:06
 * @Desc
 */
public class CoffeeBar {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Drink order = new Decaf();

        System.out.println("一份无因咖啡的费用:"+order.cost());

        order = new Milk(order);

        System.out.println("一份无因咖啡加一份牛奶的费用:"+ order.cost());

        order = new Chocolate(order);

        System.out.println("一份无因咖啡加一份牛奶加一份巧克力的费用:"+ order.cost());
    }
}