Design of Tracking Car System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

Design of Tracking Car System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

Abstract

In order to work in a small or dangerous environment, this topic is specially designed to replace the human beings to complete the established tasks.The tracking car designed in this paper is combined with hardware and software. The part of hardware includes the selection and design of the microprocessor, motor drive, tracking, obstacle avoidance, communication and other modules. At the same time, software part includes the design of subfunction program and system program. Through the joint debugging of software and hardware, the design finally realized all expected functional indicators. In the future, on the basis of this design, it is also possible to add an automatic wireless charging module, so that the fully automatic operation can be realized. And the production efficiency is further improved.

Key words

Arduino；Infrared tube；L298N；PWM speed regulation；Bluetooth

Introduction

The research of intelligent cars is very necessary. lts development may be of vital importance to our future life. So intelligent cars have not only much research significance in the current, but also a broad prospect and inestimable market value. In practical applications, intelligent robots can play a role in situations that human cannot approach, such as various military robots, exploration robots. In our daily life, we also have medical robots, handling robots and so on.
This design takes the omni-directional robots as the research object. Through the analysis of trajectory-tracking, an intelligent car is built which can track the trajectory on the ground automatically. Specific technical requirements are as follows:

1. Track the trajectory automatically by the infrared tube.
2. Stop When the sensor detects an obstacle.
3. Adjust the speed by O-Click.
4. The OLED displays the state of the car synchronously.
5. Voice module broadcasts the state of the car.

Outline

1.Hardware design

According to the project brief, the system circuit schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. System circuit schematic diagram

2.Software design

System flowchart is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. System flowchart

3.Joint debugging

• Motor debugging
  The result of motor debugging is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. The result of motor debugging

.

• Ranging debugging
  The result of ranging debugging is shown in Figure 3.
  Figure 3. The result of ranging debugging

Conclusion

The advantages of this design are as follows：

1. Because of the idea of modular design, this system has both expansibility and upgradability.
2. Singlechip is adopted as the core of control system, which has the advantages of flexibility and stability.
3. The infrared transmitting and receiving tube can effectively avoid the interference of visible light to the system and has better stability than the camera.
4. The structure of bipolar h-type thyristor can quickly respond to the control signal.

The disadvantages of this design are as follows：

1. Many extension modules can be transplanted. However, due to limited time, this design cannot fully realize.
2. The speed of the tracking car needs to be improved.

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