RIP与浮动静态路由

RIP与浮动静态路由

实验环境为：Cisco Packet Tracer7.0

内容来自于《路由与交换技术实验及案例教程》分享一下实验过程。

• 实验拓扑：

 

• 实验目的：

浮动路由又称为路由备份

两条或多条链路组成浮动路由

相同的目的地址，不同的下一跳地址，另一条下一跳的优先级低

路由表的管理距离越低，优先级越高。浮动路由，举个简单的例子，比如将动态路由的管理距离优先级修改为低，手动添加的静态路由优先级修改为高。当动态路由出现问题时，原有的路由会失效，路由器会自动选择静态路由，保证网络不中断，实现冗余备份！

• 实验步骤：

1. 路由器0配置:

Router>en

Router#config

Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router0

Router0(config)#int gi 0/0

Router0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

Router0(config-if)#no shut

Router0(config-if)#exit

Router0(config)#int se 0/1/0

Router0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router0(config-if)#clock rate 19200    #配置时钟速率为19200

Router0(config-if)#no shut

Router0(config-if)#exit

Router0(config)#int loopback0   #进入并开启loopback0

Router0(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router0(config-if)#no shut

Router0(config-if)#exit

Router0(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 130

#管理距离设置为130

Router0(config)#router rip

Router0(config-router)#version 2   #更改RIP版本

Router0(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router0(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0

Router0(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0

1. 路由器1配置:

Router>en

Router#config

Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router1

Router1(config)#int gi 0/0

Router1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

Router1(config-if)#no shut

Router1(config-if)#exit

Router1(config)#int se 0/1/0

Router1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

Router1(config-if)#no shut

Router1(config-if)#exit

Router1(config)#int loopback0   #进入并开启loopback0

Router1(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

Router1(config-if)#no shut

Router1(config-if)#exit

Router1(config)#ip route 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 130

#管理距离设置为130

Router1(config)#router rip

Router1(config-router)#version 2   #更改RIP版本

Router1(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router1(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0

Router1(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0

• 实验结果：

1. 查看路由表

1. Router0路由表:

Router0#show ip route

1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L 1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R 2.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.0.2, 00:00:27, GigabitEthernet0/0

192.168.0.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

1. Router1路由表:

Router1#show ip route

1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R 1.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.0.1, 00:00:03, GigabitEthernet0/0

2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

192.168.0.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.0.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

L 192.168.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

1. 模拟链路故障后的路由表状况

Router0(config)#int gi 0/0

Router0(config-if)#shutdown

Router0#show ip route

1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L 1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

S 2.2.2.0/24 [130/0] via 192.168.1.2

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

#主路由故障，备份静态路由生效

1. 链路故障排除后的路由表状况

Router0(config)#int gi0/0

Router0(config-if)#no shut

Router0#show ip route

1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L 1.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

R 2.2.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.0.2, 00:00:07, GigabitEthernet0/0

192.168.0.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

L 192.168.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0

192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0

#主路由恢复后，静态路由又恢复到备份地位