转载一篇用python实现人机五子棋的文章
○|￣|_适合想用pygame写游戏的程序员们学习参考
下面是完整代码，资源请参看链接：
#!/usr/local/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pygame
import os
import random
# from pprint import pprint
# import numpy as np
WIDTH = 720
HEIGHT = 720
GRID_WIDTH = WIDTH // 20
FPS = 30
# define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
base_folder = os.path.dirname(__file__)
# 加载各种资源
img_folder = os.path.join(base_folder, 'images')
background_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join(img_folder, 'back.png')).convert()
#snd_folder = os.path.join(base_folder, 'music')
#hit_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join(snd_folder, 'buw.wav'))
#back_music = pygame.mixer.music.load(os.path.join(snd_folder, 'background.mp3'))
#pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.4)
background = pygame.transform.scale(background_img, (WIDTH, HEIGHT))
back_rect = background.get_rect()
# draw background lines
def draw_background(surf):
# 加载背景图片
screen.blit(background, back_rect)
# 画网格线，棋盘为 19行 19列的
# 1. 画出边框
rect_lines = [
((GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH), (GRID_WIDTH, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH)),
((GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH), (WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH)),
((GRID_WIDTH, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH),
(WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH)),
((WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH),
(WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH)),
]
for line in rect_lines:
pygame.draw.line(surf, BLACK, line[0], line[1], 2)
for i in range(17):
pygame.draw.line(surf, BLACK,
(GRID_WIDTH * (2 + i), GRID_WIDTH),
(GRID_WIDTH * (2 + i), HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH))
pygame.draw.line(surf, BLACK,
(GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH * (2 + i)),
(HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH, GRID_WIDTH * (2 + i)))
circle_center = [
(GRID_WIDTH * 4, GRID_WIDTH * 4),
(WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH * 4, GRID_WIDTH * 4),
(WIDTH - GRID_WIDTH * 4, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH * 4),
(GRID_WIDTH * 4, HEIGHT - GRID_WIDTH * 4),
(GRID_WIDTH * 10, GRID_WIDTH * 10)
]
for cc in circle_center:
pygame.draw.circle(surf, BLACK, cc, 5)
last_coin = None
movements = []
remain = set(range(1, 19**2 + 1))
player_score_metrix = [[0] * 20 for i in range(20)]
ai_score_metrix = [[0] * 20 for i in range(20)]
color_metrix = [[None] * 20 for i in range(20)]
ai_possible_list = []
ai_optimal_list = []
ai_tabu_list = []
player_optimal_set = set()
player_tabu_list = []
USER, AI = 1, 0
score_level = [0, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 1000000]
# font_name = pygame.font.match_font('华文黑体')
font_name = pygame. font.get_default_font()
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y, color=WHITE):
font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)
text_surface = font.render(text, True, color)
text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()
text_rect.midtop = (x, y)
surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)
def update_score(pos, color, ident):
hori = 1
verti = 1
slash = 1
backslash = 1
left = pos[0] - 1
while left > 0 and color_metrix[left][pos[1]] == color:
left -= 1
if hori == 4:
hori += 1
break
if left > 0 and\
(color_metrix[left][pos[1]] == color or
color_metrix[left][pos[1]] is None):
hori += 1
right = pos[0] + 1
while right < 20 and color_metrix[right][pos[1]] == color:
right += 1
if hori == 4:
hori += 1
break
if right < 20 and\
(color_metrix[right][pos[1]] == color or
color_metrix[right][pos[1]] is None):
hori += 1
hori = score_level[hori]
up = pos[1] - 1
while up > 0 and color_metrix[pos[0]][up] == color:
up -= 1
if verti == 4:
verti += 1
break
if up > 0 and\
(color_metrix[pos[0]][up] == color or
color_metrix[pos[0]][up] is None):
verti += 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while down < 20 and color_metrix[pos[0]][down] == color:
down += 1
if verti == 4:
verti += 1
break
if down < 20 and\
(color_metrix[pos[0]][down] == color or
color_metrix[pos[0]][down] is None):
verti += 1
verti = score_level[verti]
left = pos[0] - 1
up = pos[1] - 1
while left > 0 and up > 0 and color_metrix[left][up] == color:
left -= 1
up -= 1
if backslash == 4:
backslash += 1
break
if left > 0 and up > 0 and\
(color_metrix[left][up] == color or
color_metrix[left][up] is None):
backslash += 1
right = pos[0] + 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while right < 20 and down < 20 and color_metrix[right][down] == color:
right += 1
down += 1
if backslash == 4:
backslash += 1
break
if right < 20 and down < 20 and\
(color_metrix[right][down] == color or
color_metrix[right][down] is None):
backslash += 1
backslash = score_level[backslash]
right = pos[0] + 1
up = pos[1] - 1
while right < 20 and up > 0 and color_metrix[right][up] == color:
right += 1
up -= 1
if slash == 4:
slash += 1
break
if right < 20 and up > 0 and (color_metrix[right][up] == color or
color_metrix[right][up] is None):
slash += 1
left = pos[0] - 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while left > 0 and down < 20 and color_metrix[left][down] == color:
left -= 1
down += 1
if slash == 4:
slash += 1
break
if left > 0 and down < 20 and (color_metrix[left][down] == color or
color_metrix[left][down] is None):
slash += 1
slash = score_level[slash]
# print(pos, color, ident, (hori, verti, slash, backslash))
if ident == USER:
player_score_metrix[pos[0]][pos[1]] =\
int((hori + verti + slash + backslash) * 0.9)
else:
ai_score_metrix[pos[0]][pos[1]] = hori + verti + slash + backslash
def game_is_over(pos, color):
hori = 1
verti = 1
slash = 1
backslash = 1
left = pos[0] - 1
while left > 0 and color_metrix[left][pos[1]] == color:
left -= 1
hori += 1
right = pos[0] + 1
while right < 20 and color_metrix[right][pos[1]] == color:
right += 1
hori += 1
up = pos[1] - 1
while up > 0 and color_metrix[pos[0]][up] == color:
up -= 1
verti += 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while down < 20 and color_metrix[pos[0]][down] == color:
down += 1
verti += 1
left = pos[0] - 1
up = pos[1] - 1
while left > 0 and up > 0 and color_metrix[left][up] == color:
left -= 1
up -= 1
backslash += 1
right = pos[0] + 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while right < 20 and down < 20 and color_metrix[right][down] == color:
right += 1
down += 1
backslash += 1
right = pos[0] + 1
up = pos[1] - 1
while right < 20 and up > 0 and color_metrix[right][up] == color:
right += 1
up -= 1
slash += 1
left = pos[0] - 1
down = pos[1] + 1
while left > 0 and down < 20 and color_metrix[left][down] == color:
left -= 1
down += 1
slash += 1
if max([hori, verti, backslash, slash]) >= 5:
return True
def add_coin(surf, color, pos, ident=USER, radius=16):
num_pos = gridpos_2_num(pos)
movements.append(((pos[0] * GRID_WIDTH, pos[1] * GRID_WIDTH), color))
remain.remove(num_pos)
if num_pos in player_optimal_set:
player_optimal_set.remove(num_pos)
player_score_metrix[pos[0]][pos[1]] = -1 - ident
ai_score_metrix[pos[0]][pos[1]] = -1 - ident
color_metrix[pos[0]][pos[1]] = color
pygame.draw.circle(surf, color,
movements[-1][0], radius)
#hit_sound.play()
clock.tick(FPS)
around = around_grid(pos, 4)
# print(around)
for rx in range(around[0], around[1] + 1):
for ry in range(around[2], around[3] + 1):
num_pos = gridpos_2_num((rx, ry))
if num_pos in remain:
update_score((rx, ry), color, ident)
if color == BLACK:
tpcolor = WHITE
else:
tpcolor = BLACK
update_score((rx, ry), tpcolor, 1 - ident)
def num_2_gridpos(num):
return (1 + (num % 19), (num // 19) + 1)
def gridpos_2_num(grid):
return (grid[1] - 1) * 19 + grid[0] - 1
def around_grid(curr_move_pos, step=2):
left = curr_move_pos[0] - step if (curr_move_pos[0] - step) > 0 else 1
right = curr_move_pos[0] + step if (curr_move_pos[0] + step) < 20 else 19
top = curr_move_pos[1] - step if (curr_move_pos[1] - step) > 0 else 1
bottom = curr_move_pos[1] + step if (curr_move_pos[1] + step) < 20 else 19
return (left, right, top, bottom)
def get_next_move(movements, curr_move):
around = around_grid((curr_move[0][0] // GRID_WIDTH,
curr_move[0][1] // GRID_WIDTH))
for rx in range(around[0], around[1] + 1):
for ry in range(around[2], around[3] + 1):
num_pos = gridpos_2_num((rx, ry))
if num_pos in remain:
player_optimal_set.add(gridpos_2_num((rx, ry)))
max_score = -1000000
next_move = 0
for i in player_optimal_set:
grid = num_2_gridpos(i)
if ai_score_metrix[grid[0]][grid[1]] >= score_level[5]:
next_move = i
break
if player_score_metrix[grid[0]][grid[1]] >= score_level[4]:
next_move = i
break
score = ai_score_metrix[grid[0]][grid[1]] +\
player_score_metrix[grid[0]][grid[1]]
if max_score < score:
max_score = score
next_move = i
elif max_score == score:
if (random.randint(0, 100) % 2) == 0:
next_move = i
around = around_grid(num_2_gridpos(next_move))
for rx in range(around[0], around[1] + 1):
for ry in range(around[2], around[1] + 1):
num_pos = gridpos_2_num((rx, ry))
if num_pos in remain:
player_optimal_set.add(gridpos_2_num((rx, ry)))
return next_move
def respond(surf, movements, curr_move):
next_move = get_next_move(movements, curr_move)
grid_pos = num_2_gridpos(next_move)
add_coin(surf, WHITE, grid_pos, AI)
if game_is_over(grid_pos, WHITE):
return (False, AI)
def move(surf, pos):
'''
Args:
surf: 我们的屏幕
pos: 用户落子的位置
Returns a tuple or None:
None: if move is invalid else return a
tuple (bool, player):
bool: True is game is not over else False
player: winner (USER or AI)
'''
grid = (int(round(pos[0] / (GRID_WIDTH + .0))),
int(round(pos[1] / (GRID_WIDTH + .0))))
if grid[0] <= 0 or grid[0] > 19:
return
if grid[1] <= 0 or grid[1] > 19:
return
pos = (grid[0] * GRID_WIDTH, grid[1] * GRID_WIDTH)
# num_pos = gridpos_2_num(grid)
# if num_pos not in remain:
# return None
if color_metrix[grid[0]][grid[1]] is not None:
return None
curr_move = (pos, BLACK)
add_coin(surf, BLACK, grid, USER)
if game_is_over(grid, BLACK):
return (False, USER)
return respond(surf, movements, curr_move)
def draw_movements(surf):
for move in movements[:-1]:
pygame.draw.circle(surf, move[1], move[0], 16)
if movements:
pygame.draw.circle(surf, GREEN, movements[-1][0], 16)
def show_go_screen(surf, winner=None):
note_height = 10
if winner is not None:
draw_text(surf, 'You {0} !'.format('win!' if winner == USER else 'lose!'),
64, WIDTH // 2, note_height, RED)
else:
screen.blit(background, back_rect)
draw_text(surf, 'Five in row', 64, WIDTH // 2, note_height + HEIGHT // 4, BLACK)
draw_text(surf, 'Press any key to start', 22, WIDTH // 2, note_height + HEIGHT // 2,
BLUE)
pygame.display.flip()
waiting = True
while waiting:
clock.tick(FPS)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
waiting = False
#pygame.mixer.music.play(loops=-1)
game_over = True
running = True
winner = None
while running:
if game_over:
show_go_screen(screen, winner)
game_over = False
movements = []
remain = set(range(1, 19**2 + 1))
player_score_metrix = [[0] * 20 for i in range(20)]
ai_score_metrix = [[0] * 20 for i in range(20)]
color_metrix = [[None] * 20 for i in range(20)]
ai_possible_list = []
ai_optimal_list = []
ai_tabu_list = []
player_optimal_set = set()
player_tabu_list = []
# 设置屏幕刷新频率
clock.tick(FPS)
# 处理不同事件
for event in pygame.event.get():
# 检查是否关闭窗口
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
response = move(screen, event.pos)
if response is not None and response[0] is False:
game_over = True
winner = response[1]
continue
# Update
all_sprites.update()
# Draw / render
# screen.fill(BLACK)
all_sprites.draw(screen)
draw_background(screen)
draw_movements(screen)
# After drawing everything, flip the display
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()用VS Code会报错：
不用管它或者打开文件>首选项>设置中搜索 JSON，打开在settings.json，添加"python.linting.pylintArgs": ["--extension-pkg-whitelist=pygame"]，正常忽略即可。
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