页面布局，适配器Adapter 输入内容的文本视图

Spinner

ArrayAdapter

主布局、适配器、item布局与内容

• 主布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".spinnerDropDownActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="下拉选项" />

    <Spinner
        android:id="@+id/spinner_id"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:spinnerMode="dropdown" />

</LinearLayout>

适配器

public class spinnerDropDownActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {
	// 数据
    List<String> names = Arrays.asList(new String[]{"火星", "地球","金星","水星"});
    private Spinner spinnerId;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_spinner_drop_down);
        initView();
        // 适配器
        ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, R.layout.item_view, names);
        spinnerId.setAdapter(adapter);
        spinnerId.setSelection(0);
        spinnerId.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
    }

    private void initView() {
        spinnerId = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner_id);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onItemSelected: int " + i + " long:" + l);
        Toast.makeText(this,names.get(i),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {

    }
}

item布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textColor="@color/black"
    android:textSize="17dp"
    tools:text="火星">

</TextView>

    /**
     * Constructor
     *
     * @param context The current context.
     * @param resource The resource ID for a layout file containing a TextView to use when
     *                 instantiating views.
     * @param objects The objects to represent in the ListView.
     */
    public ArrayAdapter(@NonNull Context context, @LayoutRes int resource,
            @NonNull List<T> objects) {
        this(context, resource, 0, objects);
    }

SimpleAdapter

simpleAdapter与ArrayAdapter类似，不同之处在于传入参数 不同：

    /**
     * Constructor
     *
     * @param context The context where the View associated with this SimpleAdapter is running
     * @param data A List of Maps. Each entry in the List corresponds to one row in the list. The
     *        Maps contain the data for each row, and should include all the entries specified in
     *        "from"
     * @param resource Resource identifier of a view layout that defines the views for this list
     *        item. The layout file should include at least those named views defined in "to"
     * @param from A list of column names that will be added to the Map associated with each
     *        item.
     * @param to The views that should display column in the "from" parameter. These should all be
     *        TextViews. The first N views in this list are given the values of the first N columns
     *        in the from parameter.
     */
    public SimpleAdapter(Context context, List<? extends Map<String, ?>> data,
            @LayoutRes int resource, String[] from, @IdRes int[] to) {
        mData = data;
        mResource = mDropDownResource = resource;
        mFrom = from;
        mTo = to;
        mInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
    }

package com.example.viewpager;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MySimpleAdapter extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {

    private Spinner spinnerId;

    // 定义下拉列表需要显示的行星图标数组
    private static final int[] iconArray = {
            R.drawable.shuixing, R.drawable.jinxing, R.drawable.diqiu,
            R.drawable.huoxing, R.drawable.muxing, R.drawable.tuxing
    };
    // 定义下拉列表需要显示的行星名称数组
    private static final String[] starArray = {"水星", "金星", "地球", "火星", "木星", "土星"};

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_my_simple_adapater);
        initView();

        List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < iconArray.length; i++) {
            HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("icon", iconArray[i]);
            map.put("name", starArray[i]);
            list.add(map);
        }

		// 这是simpleAdapter 的传入参数  from指的是数据 to指的是视图对应id
        SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, list,
                R.layout.simple_item,
                new String[]{"icon", "name"},
                new int[]{R.id.icon, R.id.tv_id});

        spinnerId.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
        spinnerId.setPrompt("请选择：");
        spinnerId.setSelection(0);
        spinnerId.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);

    }

    private void initView() {
        spinnerId = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner_id);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "选择了 " + starArray[position], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {

    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:textColor="@color/black">


    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/icon"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:src="@drawable/diqiu" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_id"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="3"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="地球"
        android:textSize="17sp" />


</LinearLayout>

BaseAdapter

四个要素：主布局、实现的BaseAdapter、数据类以及数据、item布局、主程序

• 主布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="下拉选项" />

    <Spinner
        android:id="@+id/spinner_id"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:spinnerMode="dropdown" />

</LinearLayout>

• 实现的BaseAdapter：

public class PlanetBaseAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context context;
    private List<Planet> planetList;

    public PlanetBaseAdapter(Context context,List<Planet> planetList){
        this.context = context;
        this.planetList = planetList;
    }
	
	// count返回的是数据的总数
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return planetList.size();
    }
    
	// 返回的是对应位置的数据
    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return planetList.get(position);
    }

	// 返回的是item对应的ID,可以设置为position
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

	// 返回的是item页面的View
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    
        convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_layout, null);
        ImageView imageView = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon);
        TextView tv_desc = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);
        TextView tv_name = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);

        Planet planet = planetList.get(position);

        imageView.setImageResource(planet.image);
        tv_name.setText(planet.name);
        tv_desc.setText(planet.desc);

        return convertView;
    }
}

• 数据类与数据：

public class Planet {
    public int image; // 行星图标
    public String name; // 行星名称
    public String desc; // 行星描述

    public Planet(int image, String name, String desc) {
        this.image = image;
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    private static int[] iconArray = {R.drawable.shuixing, R.drawable.jinxing, R.drawable.diqiu,
            R.drawable.huoxing, R.drawable.muxing, R.drawable.tuxing};
    private static String[] nameArray = {"水星", "金星", "地球", "火星", "木星", "土星"};
    private static String[] descArray = {
            "水星是太阳系八大行星最内侧也是最小的一颗行星，也是离太阳最近的行星",
            "金星是太阳系八大行星之一，排行第二，距离太阳0.725天文单位",
            "地球是太阳系八大行星之一，排行第三，也是太阳系中直径、质量和密度最大的类地行星，距离太阳1.5亿公里",
            "火星是太阳系八大行星之一，排行第四，属于类地行星，直径约为地球的53%",
            "木星是太阳系八大行星中体积最大、自转最快的行星，排行第五。它的质量为太阳的千分之一，但为太阳系中其它七大行星质量总和的2.5倍",
            "土星为太阳系八大行星之一，排行第六，体积仅次于木星"
    };

    public static List<Planet> getDefaultList() {
        List<Planet> planetList = new ArrayList<Planet>();
        for (int i = 0; i < iconArray.length; i++) {
            planetList.add(new Planet(iconArray[i], nameArray[i], descArray[i]));
        }
        return planetList;
    }
}

• item布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:textColor="@color/black">


    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/icon"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:src="@drawable/diqiu" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_weight="3"
        tools:ignore="Suspicious0dp">
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_name"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="地球" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_desc"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="2"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="地球" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

• 主程序

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {

    private Spinner spinnerId;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        PlanetBaseAdapter planetBaseAdapter = new PlanetBaseAdapter(this, Planet.getDefaultList());
        spinnerId.setAdapter(planetBaseAdapter);
        spinnerId.setSelection(0);
        spinnerId.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
    }

    private void initView() {
        spinnerId = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner_id);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
        Toast.makeText(this,"你选择了：" + Planet.getDefaultList().get(position).name,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
    }
}

• 实现的BaseAdapter可优化：

public class PlanetBaseAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context context;
    private List<Planet> planetList;

    public PlanetBaseAdapter(Context context,List<Planet> planetList){
        this.context = context;
        this.planetList = planetList;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return planetList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return planetList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder holder;
        if (convertView == null){
            holder = new ViewHolder();
            //获取当前界面的布局
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_layout, null);
            holder.image = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon);
            holder.name = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
            holder.desc = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);
            convertView.setTag(holder);
        }else {
            holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
        }


        // 给控制设置好数据
        Planet planet = planetList.get(position);
        holder.image.setImageResource(planet.image);
        holder.name.setText(planet.name);
        holder.desc.setText(planet.desc);

        return convertView;
    }

    private class ViewHolder{
        public ImageView image;
        public TextView name;
        public TextView desc;
    }
}

• 理解：

1. getView需要返回一个已经赋值的View convertView；
2. 创建了一个类ViewHolder指向convertView中所有需要赋值的属性；
3. 将ViewHolder放在convertView的Tag中从而与convertView绑定。(此时convertView中需要赋值的属性已经与其Tag中的ViewHolder的属性绑定)；
4. 对ViewHolder 进行赋值（就相当于对convertView中所有需要赋值的属性进行赋值）。

文本视图

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background = "@color/white"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_name"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:text="提示语"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tv_desc"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:hint="输入内容"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textColor="@color/black"/>

</LinearLayout>