100+Python挑战性编程练习系列 -- day 8

Question 22

写一个程序来计算输入单词的频率。按字母数字对键进行排序后，应输出输出。
假设向程序提供以下输入：
New to Python or choosing between Python 2 and Python 3? Read Python 2 or Python 3.
然后，输出应为：
2:2
3.:1
3?:1
New:1
Python:5
Read:1
and:1
between:1
choosing:1
or:2
to:1

方法1：

ss = input().split()
word = sorted(set(ss))     # split words are stored and sorted as a set

for i in word:
    print("{0}:{1}".format(i,ss.count(i)))

方法2：

ss = input().split()
dict = {}
for i in ss:
    i = dict.setdefault(i,ss.count(i))    # setdefault() function takes key & value to set it as dictionary.

dict = sorted(dict.items())               # items() function returns both key & value of dictionary as a list
                                          # and then sorted. The sort by default occurs in order of 1st -> 2nd key
for i in dict:
    print("%s:%d"%(i[0],i[1]))

方法3：

ss = input().split()
dict = {i:ss.count(i) for i in ss}     # sets dictionary as i-> split word & ss.count(i) -> total occurrence of i in ss
dict = sorted(dict.items())            # items() function returns both key & value of dictionary as a list
                                       # and then sorted. The sort by default occurs in order of 1st -> 2nd key
for i in dict:
    print("%s:%d"%(i[0],i[1]))

方法4：

from collections import Counter

ss = input().split()
ss = Counter(ss)         # returns key & frequency as a dictionary
ss = sorted(ss.items())  # returns as a tuple list

for i in ss:
    print("%s:%d"%(i[0],i[1]))

方法5：

from pprint import pprint
p=input().split()
pprint({i:p.count(i) for i in p})

Question 23

写一个计算数字平方值的方法

n=int(input())
print(n**2)

Question 24

Python有很多内置函数，如果你不知道如何使用它，你可以在线阅读文档或找一些书。但是Python为每个内置函数都提供了一个内置的文档函数。
请编写一个程序来打印一些Python内置函数文档，如abs（）、int（）、input（）
并为自己的功能添加文档

print(str.__doc__)
print(sorted.__doc__)

def pow(n,p):
    '''
    param n: This is any integer number
    param p: This is power over n
    return:  n to the power p = n^p
    '''

    return n**p

print(pow(3,4))
print(pow.__doc__)

Question 25

定义一个类，它有一个类参数和一个相同的实例参数。

class Car:
    name = "Car"

    def __init__(self,name = None):
        self.name = name

honda=Car("Honda")
print("%s name is %s"%(Car.name,honda.name))

toyota=Car()
toyota.name="Toyota"
print("%s name is %s"%(Car.name,toyota.name))