python + flask + sqlite3做一个小博客

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-30 08:47:27 发布

一个半路出家的人

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-30 08:47:27 发布

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分类专栏： flask python小项目 python 文章标签： python flask sqlite python小项目

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42039281/article/details/98171497

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背景:最近刚学习完python的基本语法,就迫不及待想去做一些小项目。由于我是做前端的，对服务器比较感兴趣，就寻思着做一个后台服务。正好有个flask框架可以学习一下。Flask官方文档

（官方文档上还是有许多坑的，不过通读一遍还是能学习到很东西）

1、代码结构

/flaskr
    /templates
        lay_out.html
        login.html
        show_entries.html
    /static
    flaskr.py
    schema.sql

/templates文件夹,放置模版、/static放静态资源（css，js）、schema.aql 为sqllite数据库模式配置文件

2、~~先贴代码~~ 算了,先配置虚拟环境吧(windows 操作系统下)

安装 virtualenv
```
pip install virtualenv
```

创建 venv 虚拟环境

$ cd flaskr
$ virtualenv venv
New python executable in venv/bin/python
Installing distribute............done.

激活虚拟环境(激活必须是cmd 超级管理员模式下激活)
```
 venv\scripts\activate
```

激活后的效果(路径前面有"venv")

这时运行python(导入flask,不报错即为成功)

>> from flask import Flask

3、贴代码了：

# flaskr.py
# all the imports
from __future__ import with_statement
from contextlib import closing  # contextlib.closing()会帮它加上__enter__()和__exit__()，使其满足with的条件。
import sqlite3
import time
from flask import Flask, request, session, g, redirect, url_for, \
    abort, render_template, flash

# configuration
DATABASE = './flaskr.db'
DEBUG = True
SECRET_KEY = 'development key'
USERNAME = '1'
PASSWORD = '1'

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)

app.config.from_envvar('FLASKR_SETTINGS', silent=True)


def connect_db():
    return sqlite3.connect(app.config['DATABASE'])


def init_db():
    with closing(connect_db()) as db:
        with app.open_resource('schema.sql') as f:
            db.cursor().executescript(f.read())
        db.commit()


@app.before_request
def before_request():
    g.db = connect_db()


@app.after_request
def after_request(response):
    g.db.close()
    return response


@app.route('/')
def show_entries():
    cur = g.db.execute('select title, text from entries order by id desc')
    entries = [dict(title=row[0], text=row[1]) for row in cur.fetchall()]
    return render_template('show_entries.html', entries=entries)


@app.route('/add', methods=['POST'])
def add_entry():
    if not session.get('logged_in'):
        abort(401)
    g.db.execute('insert into entries (title, text) values (?, ?)',
                 [request.form['title'], request.form['text']])
    g.db.commit()
    flash('New entry was successfully posted')
    return redirect(url_for('show_entries'))


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    error = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if request.form['username'] != app.config['USERNAME']:
            error = 'Invalid username'
        elif request.form['password'] != app.config['PASSWORD']:
            error = 'Invalid password'
        else:
            session['logged_in'] = True
            flash('You were logged in')
            return redirect(url_for('show_entries'))
    return render_template('login.html', error=error)


@app.route('/logout')
def logout():
    session.pop('logged_in', None)
    flash('You were logged out')
    return redirect(url_for('show_entries'))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

schema.sql

drop table if exists entries;
create table entries(
    id integer primary key autoincrement,
    title string not null ,
    text string nit null
);

<!--layout-->
<!doctype html>
<title>Flaskr</title>
<link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">
<div class=page>
  <h1>Flaskr</h1>
  <div class=metanav>
  {% if not session.logged_in %}
    <a href="{{ url_for('login') }}">log in</a>
  {% else %}
    <a href="{{ url_for('logout') }}">log out</a>
  {% endif %}
  </div>
  {% for message in get_flashed_messages() %}
    <div class=flash>{{ message }}</div>
  {% endfor %}
  {% block body %}{% endblock %}
</div>

<!--login-->
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block body %}
  <h2>Login</h2>
  {% if error %}<p class=error><strong>Error:</strong> {{ error }}{% endif %}
  <form action="{{ url_for('login') }}" method=post>
    <dl>
      <dt>Username:
      <dd><input type=text name=username>
      <dt>Password:
      <dd><input type=password name=password>
      <dd><input type=submit value=Login>
    </dl>
  </form>
{% endblock %}

<!--show_entries-->
{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block body %}
  {% if session.logged_in %}
    <form action="{{ url_for('add_entry') }}" method=post class=add-entry>
      <dl>
        <dt>Title:
        <dd><input type=text size=30 name=title>
        <dt>Text:
        <dd><textarea name=text rows=5 cols=40></textarea>
        <dd><input type=submit value=Share>
      </dl>
    </form>
  {% endif %}
  <ul class=entries>
  {% for entry in entries %}
    <li><h2>{{ entry.title }}</h2>{{ entry.text|safe }}
  {% else %}
    <li><em>Unbelievable.  No entries here so far</em>
  {% endfor %}
  </ul>
{% endblock %}

试着运行吧? 肯定是不行滴,数据库弄了吗?

4、数据库sqllite