springboot -- Redis初了解与使用

前言：

据我目前的了解， Redis就是一个管理缓存的工具， 对缓存进行操作

1、启用Redis服务

切换路径: cd /d F:\Redis
开启Redis: redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf

1、导入相关依赖

<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
<!-- 		    <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> -->
		</dependency>

这里我把版本注释掉， 让springboot自动适配版本， 否则会报错。

2、application.yml配置

spring:
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379

配置好端口号和IP地址

3、储存数据时序列化的配置

package com.example.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.time.Duration;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

@Configuration
public class MyRedisConfg extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
	
	/**
	 * 配置redisCacheManager存放缓存的格式
	 * @param factory
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean("redisCacheManager")
	public RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory){
		System.out.println("加载Redis..");
		RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
		.entryTtl(Duration.ofDays(1))
		.disableCachingNullValues()
		.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));
		return RedisCacheManager.builder(factory).cacheDefaults(cacheConfiguration).build();
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 配置RedisTemplate存放缓存的格式
	 * @param factory
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
    public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(
            RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)
            throws UnknownHostException {
        RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<Object, Object>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> ser = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class);
        template.setDefaultSerializer(ser);
        return template;
    }

}

这样的话， 储存到Redis数据库中的对象就以json格式来呈现了。

4、使用编码方式添加缓存（当然 RedisCacheManager和RedisTemplate功能是没什么区别的，RedisCacheManager可能包含着RedisTemplate）

 @Autowired
    RedisCacheManager deptCacheManager;

	 public Department getDeptById(Integer id){
        System.out.println("查询部门"+id);
        Department department = departmentMapper.getDeptById(id);

        //获取某个缓存
        Cache dept = deptCacheManager.getCache("dept");
        dept.put("dept:1",department);

        return department;
    }

5、测试类

	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("redisCacheManager")
    RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager;
    
	@Autowired
	StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; 
	
	@Test
	public void method(){
		//获取value
		Cache cache = redisCacheManager.getCache("category");
		//添加缓存
		cache.put("cc", categoryDao.getOne(1));
		//很奇怪， 取不出来？
		//因为 redisCacheManager 取不出来缓存， 所以我用 stringRedisTemplate 去取， 取完
		//需要将其转化成对象
		System.out.println(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("category::cc"));
	}

注意：User对象在储存时要实现序列化， 否则可能会报错。

打开这个Redis软件查看保存是否成功

拓展：

@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"}, key="#id"/*, keyGenerator="cacheKey", condition = "#id>1 and #root.methodName eq 'getEmp' ", unless = "#id==2"*/)
	public Employee getEmp(int id){
		System.out.println("查询...");
		return employeeMapper.get(id);
	}

运行一下被缓存注解标记的方法， 得到的缓存也会储存在Redis数据库中。