本文详细分析了CSAPP实验室中的爆破程序，涉及字符串比较、数值验证、字符串长度计算等多个环节。通过逐行解释汇编代码，揭示了各个阶段的解密逻辑，包括输入的限制、节点遍历和树结构计算等。解答了不同阶段的正确输入，如'边界关系从未如此和谐'、12481632、3256、'IONEFG'和432165，同时提到了秘密阶段的解密思路。
如果觉得这里有不清楚的地方可以看看最后的参考博客，都很有参考价值
phase_1
answer: Border relations with Canada have never been better.
0000000000400ee0 <phase_1>:
// 栈指针减8,存储返回地址。即phase_defused()的地址
400ee0: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
// %esi是第二个参数,即0x402400处存储的字符串
// %rdi是第一个参数,即input
400ee4: be 00 24 40 00 mov $0x402400,%esi
400ee9: e8 4a 04 00 00 callq <strings_not_equal>
// 将两个参数传入后,返回值若为零,则将栈指针归位,继续执行phase_defused(),否则,调用bomb程序,答案错误
400eee: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
400ef0: 74 05 je 400ef7 <phase_1+0x17>
400ef2: e8 43 05 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400ef7: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
400efb: c3 retq
0000000000401338 <strings_not_equal>:
401338: 41 54 push %r12
40133a: 55 push %rbp
40133b: 53 push %rbx
40133c: 48 89 fb mov %rdi,%rbx
40133f: 48 89 f5 mov %rsi,%rbp
401342: e8 d4 ff ff ff callq 40131b <string_length>
401347: 41 89 c4 mov %eax,%r12d
40134a: 48 89 ef mov %rbp,%rdi
40134d: e8 c9 ff ff ff callq 40131b <string_length>
401352: ba 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%edx
401357: 41 39 c4 cmp %eax,%r12d
// 如果两个字符串长度不一样,返回1
40135a: 75 3f jne 40139b <strings_not_equal+0x63>
// 输入做零扩充传送到双字
40135c: 0f b6 03 movzbl (%rbx),%eax
40135f: 84 c0 test %al,%al
// %al存储的值为0时,跳到401388,最终返回0
401361: 74 25 je 401388 <strings_not_equal+0x50>
// input和0x402400处第一个字节值相同时,进入到401372,判断下一个字节是否相同；否则,进入到40138f,最终返回1,bomb！注意这里0x0(%rbp)存储的是地址,%al存储的是值（参考40135c）
401363: 3a 45 00 cmp 0x0(%rbp),%al
401366: 74 0a je 401372 <strings_not_equal+0x3a>
401368: eb 25 jmp 40138f <strings_not_equal+0x57>
40136a: 3a 45 00 cmp 0x0(%rbp),%al
40136d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
401370: 75 24 jne 401396 <strings_not_equal+0x5e>
401372: 48 83 c3 01 add $0x1,%rbx
401376: 48 83 c5 01 add $0x1,%rbp
40137a: 0f b6 03 movzbl (%rbx),%eax
40137d: 84 c0 test %al,%al
// 逐个判断input的值和0x402400存储的值是否相同,直到input检测完,即%al为0时,退出循环,并返回0
40137f: 75 e9 jne 40136a <strings_not_equal+0x32>
401381: ba 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%edx
401386: eb 13 jmp 40139b <strings_not_equal+0x63>
401388: ba 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%edx
40138d: eb 0c jmp 40139b <strings_not_equal+0x63>
40138f: ba 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%edx
401394: eb 05 jmp 40139b <strings_not_equal+0x63>
401396: ba 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%edx
40139b: 89 d0 mov %edx,%eax
40139d: 5b pop %rbx
40139e: 5d pop %rbp
40139f: 41 5c pop %r12
4013a1: c3 retq
c版本：
int strings_not_equal(string a){
int length_a = string_length(a);
int length_b = string_length((*0x402400));
if (length_a != length_b) {
return 1; //bomb!
}
if (length_a == 0) {
return 0;
}
// 这里把input a 看作数组,0x402400存储的当作b,也看作数组
int i = 0;
while (a[i] != 0) {
if (a[i] == b[i]) {
i++;
} else {
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
000000000040131b <string_length>:
40131b: 80 3f 00 cmpb $0x0,(%rdi)
40131e: 74 12 je 401332 <string_length+0x17>
401320: 48 89 fa mov %rdi,%rdx
401323: 48 83 c2 01 add $0x1,%rdx
401327: 89 d0 mov %edx,%eax
401329: 29 f8 sub %edi,%eax
40132b: 80 3a 00 cmpb $0x0,(%rdx)
40132e: 75 f3 jne 401323 <string_length+0x8>
401330: f3 c3 repz retq
401332: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
401337: c3 retq
c版本：
int string_length(string a) {
int *cur = a;
int res;
do {
cur += 1; //参考csapp177页,p + i -> x_p + L * i
res = cur;
} while((*(res - a) != 0))
return res;
}
参考gdb手册可以看到以string形式打印特定地址处数据的指令为x/s,输入x/s 0x402400得到答案
Border relations with Canada have never been better.
也可以参考这个方法,通过打断点来分析程序,这也是lab建议的方法
phase_2:
answer: 1 2 4 8 16 32
0000000000400efc <phase_2>:
400efc: 55 push %rbp
400efd: 53 push %rbx
400efe: 48 83 ec 28 sub $0x28,%rsp
400f02: 48 89 e6 mov %rsp,%rsi
400f05: e8 52 05 00 00 callq 40145c <read_six_numbers>
400f0a: 83 3c 24 01 cmpl $0x1,(%rsp) //(%rsp),即输入的第一个数必须等于1，否则爆炸
400f0e: 74 20 je 400f30 <phase_2+0x34>
400f10: e8 25 05 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400f15: eb 19 jmp 400f30 <phase_2+0x34>
400f17: 8b 43 fc mov -0x4(%rbx),%eax // rbx -= 4 = rsp
400f1a: 01 c0 add %eax,%eax // eax += eax
400f1c: 39 03 cmp %eax,(%rbx) // 输入的第一个值的2倍和输入的第二个数比较
400f1e: 74 05 je 400f25 <phase_2+0x29> //必须相同，否则爆炸
400f20: e8 15 05 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400f25: 48 83 c3 04 add $0x4,%rbx
400f29: 48 39 eb cmp %rbp,%rbx
400f2c: 75 e9 jne 400f17 <phase_2+0x1b>
400f2e: eb 0c jmp 400f3c <phase_2+0x40>
400f30: 48 8d 5c 24 04 lea 0x4(%rsp),%rbx // rbx = rsp + 4
400f35: 48 8d 6c 24 18 lea 0x18(%rsp),%rbp // rbp = rsp + 18
400f3a: eb db jmp 400f17 <phase_2+0x1b>
400f3c: 48 83 c4 28 add $0x28,%rsp
400f40: 5b pop %rbx
400f41: 5d pop %rbp
400f42: c3 retq
000000000040145c <read_six_numbers>:
40145c: 48 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%rsp
// 为调用sscanf配置参数
// rdx(%rsi),rcx(0x4(%rsi)),r8(0x8~),r9(c),(%rsp)(10),0x8(%rsp)(14)分别为input中6个整数的地址
401460: 48 89 f2 mov %rsi,%rdx
401463: 48 8d 4e 04 lea 0x4(%rsi),%rcx
401467: 48 8d 46 14 lea 0x14(%rsi),%rax
40146b: 48 89 44 24 08 mov %rax,0x8(%rsp)
401470: 48 8d 46 10 lea 0x10(%rsi),%rax
401474: 48 89 04 24 mov %rax,(%rsp)
401478: 4c 8d 4e 0c lea 0xc(%rsi),%r9
40147c: 4c 8d 46 08 lea 0x8(%rsi),%r8
401480: be c3 25 40 00 mov $0x4025c3,%esi //0x4025c3:"%d %d %d %d %d %d"
401485: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
40148a: e8 61 f7 ff ff callq 400bf0 <__isoc99_sscanf@plt>
40148f: 83 f8 05 cmp $0x5,%eax
401492: 7f 05 jg 401499 <read_six_numbers+0x3d>
401494: e8 a1 ff ff ff callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
401499: 48 83 c4 18 add $0x18,%rsp
40149d: c3 retq
int sscanf(const char *buffer, const char *format, [argument]...)
其中,buffer是输入的字符串,format是字符串的格式,argument是根据format提取出来的内容保存的位置,而该函数的返回值为格式化参数的数目。
phase_3:
answer(不唯一): 3 256
0000000000400f43 <phase_3>:
400f43: 48 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%rsp
// 输入两个数的地址以此为0x8(%rsp),0xc(%rsp)
400f47: 48 8d 4c 24 0c lea 0xc(%rsp),%rcx
400f4c: 48 8d 54 24 08 lea 0x8(%rsp),%rdx
400f51: be cf 25 40 00 mov $0x4025cf,%esi
400f56: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
400f5b: e8 90 fc ff ff callq 400bf0 <__isoc99_sscanf@plt>
400f60: 83 f8 01 cmp $0x1,%eax
400f63: 7f 05 jg 400f6a <phase_3+0x27>
400f65: e8 d0 04 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400f6a: 83 7c 24 08 07 cmpl $0x7,0x8(%rsp)
400f6f: 77 3c ja 400fad <phase_3+0x6a>
400f71: 8b 44 24 08 mov 0x8(%rsp),%eax
// switch语句,起始地址为0x402470,假设输入3,则地址为0x402488,查询此处的值
// (gdb) x/x 0x402488
// 0x402488: 0x00400f8a
// 查看0x00400f8a,返回值为0x100,即256
400f75: ff 24 c5 70 24 40 00 jmpq *0x402470(,%rax,8)
400f7c: b8 cf 00 00 00 mov $0xcf,%eax
400f81: eb 3b jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400f83: b8 c3 02 00 00 mov $0x2c3,%eax
400f88: eb 34 jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400f8a: b8 00 01 00 00 mov $0x100,%eax
400f8f: eb 2d jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400f91: b8 85 01 00 00 mov $0x185,%eax
400f96: eb 26 jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400f98: b8 ce 00 00 00 mov $0xce,%eax
400f9d: eb 1f jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400f9f: b8 aa 02 00 00 mov $0x2aa,%eax
400fa4: eb 18 jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400fa6: b8 47 01 00 00 mov $0x147,%eax
400fab: eb 11 jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400fad: e8 88 04 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400fb2: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
400fb7: eb 05 jmp 400fbe <phase_3+0x7b>
400fb9: b8 37 01 00 00 mov $0x137,%eax
// 跳转到此处,要求0xc(%rsp)和%eax值相同才不会爆炸,因此0xc(%rsp)值为256
400fbe: 3b 44 24 0c cmp 0xc(%rsp),%eax
400fc2: 74 05 je 400fc9 <phase_3+0x86>
400fc4: e8 71 04 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
400fc9: 48 83 c4 18 add $0x18,%rsp
400fcd: c3 retq
故输入为3 256
当然随着输入的第一个数不同,也会有其他组合
phase_4:
answer: 7 0
000000000040100c <phase_4>:
40100c: 48 83 ec 18 sub $0x18,%rsp
401010: 48 8d 4c 24 0c lea 0xc(%rsp),%rcx
401015: 48 8d 54 24 08 lea 0x8(%rsp),%rdx
40101a: be cf 25 40 00 mov $0x4025cf,%esi
40101f: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
401024: e8 c7 fb ff ff callq 400bf0 <__isoc99_sscanf@plt>
401029: 83 f8 02 cmp $0x2,%eax
40102c: 75 07 jne 401035 <phase_4+0x29>
// 要求0x8(%rsp)存储的值小于0xe
40102e: 83 7c 24 08 0e cmpl $0xe,0x8(%rsp)
401033: 76 05 jbe 40103a <phase_4+0x2e>
401035: e8 00 04 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
40103a: ba 0e 00 00 00 mov $0xe,%edx
40103f: be 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%esi
401044: 8b 7c 24 08 mov 0x8(%rsp),%edi
401048: e8 81 ff ff ff callq 400fce <func4>
40104d: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
// 要求返回值必须为0
40104f: 75 07 jne 401058 <phase_4+0x4c>
// 要求0xc(%rsp)存储值0
401051: 83 7c 24 0c 00 cmpl $0x0,0xc(%rsp)
401056: 74 05 je 40105d <phase_4+0x51>
401058: e8 dd 03 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
40105d: 48 83 c4 18 add $0x18,%rsp
401061: c3 retq
0000000000400fce <func4>:
400fce: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
400fd2: 89 d0 mov %edx,%eax
400fd4: 29 f0 sub %esi,%eax
400fd6: 89 c1 mov %eax,%ecx
400fd8: c1 e9 1f shr $0x1f,%ecx
400fdb: 01 c8 add %ecx,%eax
400fdd: d1 f8 sar %eax
400fdf: 8d 0c 30 lea (%rax,%rsi,1),%ecx
（1）
400fe2: 39 f9 cmp %edi,%ecx
400fe4: 7e 0c jle 400ff2 <func4+0x24>
400fe6: 8d 51 ff lea -0x1(%rcx),%edx
400fe9: e8 e0 ff ff ff callq 400fce <func4>
400fee: 01 c0 add %eax,%eax
400ff0: eb 15 jmp 401007 <func4+0x39>
400ff2: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
（2）
400ff7: 39 f9 cmp %edi,%ecx
400ff9: 7d 0c jge 401007 <func4+0x39>
// 注意要求返回为0,即0x400ff2之后不要再嵌套,而是直接到0x401007
// （1）（2）下面的条件刚好相反,因此%edi,%ecx值相等时满足要求,即7
// 因此%edi值为7,看到父函数mov 0x8(%rsp),%edi后调用,因此0x8(%rsp)存储7
400ffb: 8d 71 01 lea 0x1(%rcx),%esi
400ffe: e8 cb ff ff ff callq 400fce <func4>
401003: 8d 44 00 01 lea 0x1(%rax,%rax,1),%eax
401007: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
40100b: c3 retq
对应的c：
int func4(int a=arg1, int b=0, int c=14){
if(c-b>=0){
int ans=(c-b)/2;
}else{
int ans=(c-b+1)/2;
}
int temp1=ans+b;
if(temp1-a<=0){
int ans=0;
if(temp1-a>=0){
return ans;
}else{
b=temp1+1;
int ans = func4(a,b,c);
ans=ans*2+1;
return ans;
}
}else{
c = temp1-1;
int ans = func4(a,b,c);
return ans*2;
}
}
phase_5:
answer: IONEFG
0000000000401062 <phase_5>:
401062: 53 push %rbx
401063: 48 83 ec 20 sub $0x20,%rsp
401067: 48 89 fb mov %rdi,%rbx
40106a: 64 48 8b 04 25 28 00 mov %fs:0x28,%rax
401071: 00 00
401073: 48 89 44 24 18 mov %rax,0x18(%rsp)
401078: 31 c0 xor %eax,%eax
40107a: e8 9c 02 00 00 callq 40131b <string_length>
40107f: 83 f8 06 cmp $0x6,%eax
401082: 74 4e je 4010d2 <phase_5+0x70>
401084: e8 b1 03 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
401089: eb 47 jmp 4010d2 <phase_5+0x70>
40108b: 0f b6 0c 03 movzbl (%rbx,%rax,1),%ecx
40108f: 88 0c 24 mov %cl,(%rsp)
401092: 48 8b 14 24 mov (%rsp),%rdx
401096: 83 e2 0f and $0xf,%edx
// 0x4024b0存储的字符串0x4024b0 <array.3449>: "maduiersnfotvbylSo you think you can stop the bomb with ctrl-c, do you?"
// %rdx的值可看作字符串索引,输入有六个,即6个索引
401099: 0f b6 92 b0 24 40 00 movzbl 0x4024b0(%rdx),%edx
4010a0: 88 54 04 10 mov %dl,0x10(%rsp,%rax,1)
4010a4: 48 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%rax
4010a8: 48 83 f8 06 cmp $0x6,%rax
4010ac: 75 dd jne 40108b <phase_5+0x29>
4010ae: c6 44 24 16 00 movb $0x0,0x16(%rsp)
// 0x40245e:"flyers"与0x10(%rsp)存储的值一样,"flyers"通过将0x4024b0存储的字符串作为数组,%rdx（输入的6个字符）的后四位值作为索引查找得到。因此输入的后四位值分别为9,15,14,5,6,7,这里我们加上64,后四位不变,然后在下表中取值,得到IONEFG {言外之意时答案也可以是 )/.%&' }
4010b3: be 5e 24 40 00 mov $0x40245e,%esi
4010b8: 48 8d 7c 24 10 lea 0x10(%rsp),%rdi
4010bd: e8 76 02 00 00 callq 401338 <strings_not_equal>
4010c2: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
4010c4: 74 13 je 4010d9 <phase_5+0x77>
4010c6: e8 6f 03 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
4010cb: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
4010d0: eb 07 jmp 4010d9 <phase_5+0x77>
4010d2: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
4010d7: eb b2 jmp 40108b <phase_5+0x29>
4010d9: 48 8b 44 24 18 mov 0x18(%rsp),%rax
4010de: 64 48 33 04 25 28 00 xor %fs:0x28,%rax
4010e5: 00 00
4010e7: 74 05 je 4010ee <phase_5+0x8c>
4010e9: e8 42 fa ff ff callq 400b30 <__stack_chk_fail@plt>
4010ee: 48 83 c4 20 add $0x20,%rsp
4010f2: 5b pop %rbx
4010f3: c3 retq
phase_6:
answer: 4 3 2 1 6 5
00000000004010f4 <phase_6>:
4010f4: 41 56 push %r14
4010f6: 41 55 push %r13
4010f8: 41 54 push %r12
4010fa: 55 push %rbp
4010fb: 53 push %rbx
4010fc: 48 83 ec 50 sub $0x50,%rsp
401100: 49 89 e5 mov %rsp,%r13 //%r13=%rsp
401103: 48 89 e6 mov %rsp,%rsi
401106: e8 51 03 00 00 callq 40145c <read_six_numbers>
40110b: 49 89 e6 mov %rsp,%r14 //%r14=%rsp
40110e: 41 bc 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%r12d //%r12d=0x0
// 要求输入的6个数都<=6
401114: 4c 89 ed mov %r13,%rbp //%rbp=%r13
401117: 41 8b 45 00 mov 0x0(%r13),%eax //eax = a1
40111b: 83 e8 01 sub $0x1,%eax //eax = a1-1
40111e: 83 f8 05 cmp $0x5,%eax //a1-1-5 = a1-6
401121: 76 05 jbe 401128 <phase_6+0x34> //a1-6 <= 0
401123: e8 12 03 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
401128: 41 83 c4 01 add $0x1,%r12d //%r12d += 1 = 1
40112c: 41 83 fc 06 cmp $0x6,%r12d //%cmp r12d - 6
401130: 74 21 je 401153 <phase_6+0x5f> //== jmp 401153
401132: 44 89 e3 mov %r12d,%ebx // %ebx = %r12d = 1
401135: 48 63 c3 movslq %ebx,%rax //%rax = %ebx = 1
401138: 8b 04 84 mov (%rsp,%rax,4),%eax//%eax=M(rsp+4*rax)=M(rsp+4)
40113b: 39 45 00 cmp %eax,0x0(%rbp) //comp %rsp - %eax
40113e: 75 05 jne 401145 <phase_6+0x51> // != jmp 4001145
401140: e8 f5 02 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
401145: 83 c3 01 add $0x1,%ebx // %ebx += 1 = 2
401148: 83 fb 05 cmp $0x5,%ebx // comp %ebx - 5
40114b: 7e e8 jle 401135 <phase_6+0x41> // <=0 jmp 401135
40114d: 49 83 c5 04 add $0x4,%r13 //%r13 += 4
401151: eb c1 jmp 401114 <phase_6+0x20>
// 114-151的c代码：
int r12d=0
func (int a[6],int i=0 ){ //里面保存了我们的6个参数
if(a[i]>6) bomb!
r12d+=1;
if (r12d=6){call 0x401153}
int tmp=r12d;
while(tmp<=5) {
int c=tmp;
int res=a[c];
if(res==a[i]) bomb!;
else{
tmp+=1;
}
}
func(a[6],i++);
}
上面就是说我们的参数都不能一样。并且每一个都不能大于6
401153: 48 8d 74 24 18 lea 0x18(%rsp),%rsi //rsi = rsp + 0x18
401158: 4c 89 f0 mov %r14,%rax //rax = rsp
40115b: b9 07 00 00 00 mov $0x7,%ecx //ecx = 7
401160: 89 ca mov %ecx,%edx //edx = 7
401162: 2b 10 sub (%rax),%edx // edx = 7 - a1
401164: 89 10 mov %edx,(%rax) // eax = 7 - a1
401166: 48 83 c0 04 add $0x4,%rax //rax = rsp + 4
40116a: 48 39 f0 cmp %rsi,%rax //cmp rsp+4 : esp+0x18
40116d: 75 f1 jne 401160 <phase_6+0x6c>
c版本：
int rsi=6;
func(int i=0){
a[i]=7-a[i];
if(i!=6)func(i++);
}
上面相当于让ai=7-ai（i=1,2,3,4,5,6）
下面代码的执行顺序为(1) ->(2)->(3)->(4) 或者(A)->(B)->©，查看寄存器值时依此向上回溯
(1) (A)
40116f: be 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%esi
401174: eb 21 jmp 401197 <phase_6+0xa3>
(3)
401176: 48 8b 52 08 mov 0x8(%rdx),%rdx // rdx=M(R[rdx]+8)=M(0x6032d8)
40117a: 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%eax //eax += 1 = 2
40117d: 39 c8 cmp %ecx,%eax //comp eax:a1
40117f: 75 f5 jne 401176 <phase_6+0x82> //eax !=a1 jump
401181: eb 05 jmp 401188 <phase_6+0x94>
(C)a1==6跳转到这里
401183: ba d0 32 60 00 mov $0x6032d0,%edx
(4) (D)
// 可以看出对于ai=6,%edx = 0x6032d0
// ai != 6,假设ai=1，%edx = 0x6032d8;ai=2，%edx = 0x6032e0
401188: 48 89 54 74 20 mov %rdx,0x20(%rsp,%rsi,2) //m[%rsp+20]=rdx
40118d: 48 83 c6 04 add $0x4,%rsi //rsi += 4 = 4
401191: 48 83 fe 18 cmp $0x18,%rsi // comp rsi : 0x18
401195: 74 14 je 4011ab <phase_6+0xb7>
(2) (B)
401197: 8b 0c 34 mov (%rsp,%rsi,1),%ecx // ecx = M(rsp+rsi) = 7-a1
40119a: 83 f9 01 cmp $0x1,%ecx // comp a1 : 1
40119d: 7e e4 jle 401183 <phase_6+0x8f> //即7-a1<=1 => a1=6 jump
// ai < 6 继续执行
40119f: b8 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%eax //eax = 1
4011a4: ba d0 32 60 00 mov $0x6032d0,%edx // edx = 0x6032d0
4011a9: eb cb jmp 401176 <phase_6+0x82>
从401176可以看到，对于ai = 6，edx = 0x6032d0；对于ai = 1，edx = M(0x6032d0+8)=0x006032e0…
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032d0
0x6032d0 <node1>: 0x0000014c 0x00000001 0x006032e0 0x00000000
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032d8
0x6032d8 <node1+8>: 0x006032e0 0x00000000 0x000000a8 0x00000002
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032e0
0x6032e0 <node2>: 0x000000a8 0x00000002 0x006032f0 0x00000000
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032e8
0x6032e8 <node2+8>: 0x006032f0 0x00000000 0x0000039c 0x00000003
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032f0
0x6032f0 <node3>: 0x0000039c 0x00000003 0x00603300 0x00000000
(gdb) x/4w 0x6032f8
0x6032f8 <node3+8>: 0x00603300 0x00000000 0x000002b3 0x00000004
(gdb) x/4w 0x603300
0x603300 <node4>: 0x000002b3 0x00000004 0x00603310 0x00000000
因此上面代码的作用就是从%rsp+0x20，r[rsp+28]=0x28 ...开始存储6个node，到这里可以总结一下前面的操作
- 输入6个数，每个数不能大于6，且互不相同
- ai = 7 - ai
- ai对应node i，例如输入的数为5，6，4，…
- a1 = 7 - 5 = 2，存储地址为
%rsp+0x20，存储的值为M(R[rdx]+8) = 0x0x6032e0，即node2 - a2 == 7 - 6 = 1，存储地址为
%rsp+0x28，存储的值为0x6032d0，即node1 - a3 == 7 - 4 = 3，存储地址为
%rsp+0x30，存储的值为M( M {M(R[rdx]+8) + 8} + 8) = M( M {0x6032d8} + 8) = M(0x6032e8) = 0x6032f0，即node3
- a1 = 7 - 5 = 2，存储地址为
因此对于输入：5，6，4，…
（从%rsp+0x20开始）存储的节点依次为 node2 -> node1 -> node3 -> …
下面的pi均为重新排列之后的pi，也就是说我们把上例的node2看作p1，node1看作p2，node3看作p3，…
(5) (E)
4011ab: 48 8b 5c 24 20 mov 0x20(%rsp),%rbx // rbx = p1
4011b0: 48 8d 44 24 28 lea 0x28(%rsp),%rax // rax = rsp + 0x28
4011b5: 48 8d 74 24 50 lea 0x50(%rsp),%rsi // rsi = rsp + 0x50
4011ba: 48 89 d9 mov %rbx,%rcx // rcx = p1
// 可以看出下面代码的功能是将节点链接
4011bd: 48 8b 10 mov (%rax),%rdx // rdx = p2
4011c0: 48 89 51 08 mov %rdx,0x8(%rcx) //
4011c4: 48 83 c0 08 add $0x8,%rax // rax += 8 = 0x30
4011c8: 48 39 f0 cmp %rsi,%rax // comp rax : rsp + 0x50
4011cb: 74 05 je 4011d2 <phase_6+0xde>
4011cd: 48 89 d1 mov %rdx,%rcx
4011d0: eb eb jmp 4011bd <phase_6+0xc9>
0x6032d0 <node1>: 0x0000014c 0x00000001 0x006032e0 0x00000000
0x6032d8 <node1+8>: 0x006032e0 0x00000000 0x000000a8 0x00000002
0x6032e0 <node2>: 0x000000a8 0x00000002 0x006032f0 0x00000000
0x6032e8 <node2+8>: 0x006032f0 0x00000000 0x0000039c 0x00000003
0x6032f0 <node3>: 0x0000039c 0x00000003 0x00603300 0x00000000
0x6032f8 <node3+8>: 0x00603300 0x00000000 0x000002b3 0x00000004
0x603300 <node4>: 0x000002b3 0x00000004 0x00603310 0x00000000
以上例说明：
4011bd ~ 4011c0: rax = rsp + 0x28（node1的位置） rcx = 0x20(%rsp) = 0x6032e0
mov (%rax),%rdx => rdx = node3 = 0x6032d0
mov %rdx,0x8(%rcx) => 0x8(%rcx) = M(0x6032e0 + 8) = M(0x6032e8) 因此这行的意思是做该变化0x6032e8 <node1+8>: 0x6032d0，也就是说原来node2下一个节点是node1
因此上面代码的作用为将node链接起来
// 节点必须按照递减的顺序否则就会直接爆炸 (mov 0x20(%rsp),%rbx //%rbx = p1,(%rbx) = p1->val)
4011d2: 48 c7 42 08 00 00 00 movq $0x0,0x8(%rdx)
4011d9: 00
4011da: bd 05 00 00 00 mov $0x5,%ebp //ebp = 5
4011df: 48 8b 43 08 mov 0x8(%rbx),%rax //rax = p2
4011e3: 8b 00 mov (%rax),%eax
4011e5: 39 03 cmp %eax,(%rbx) (p1->val) > (p2->val)
4011e7: 7d 05 jge 4011ee <phase_6+0xfa>
4011e9: e8 4c 02 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
4011ee: 48 8b 5b 08 mov 0x8(%rbx),%rbx
4011f2: 83 ed 01 sub $0x1,%ebp //ebp -=1 = 4
4011f5: 75 e8 jne 4011df <phase_6+0xeb>
4011f7: 48 83 c4 50 add $0x50,%rsp
4011fb: 5b pop %rbx
4011fc: 5d pop %rbp
4011fd: 41 5c pop %r12
4011ff: 41 5d pop %r13
401201: 41 5e pop %r14
401203: c3 retq
上面的式子告诉我们我们重新排列完之后的节点必须按照递减的顺序否则就会直接爆炸。那我们先按照之前的结点把结点大小排序一下。
0x6032d0 <node1>: 0x0000014c 0x00000001 0x006032e0 0x00000000
0x6032e0 <node2>: 0x000000a8 0x00000002 0x006032f0 0x00000000
0x6032f0 <node3>: 0x0000039c 0x00000003 0x00603300 0x00000000
0x603300 <node4>: 0x000002b3 0x00000004 0x00603310 0x00000000
0x603310 <node5>: 0x000001dd 0x00000005 0x00603320 0x00000000
0x603320 <node6>: 0x000001bb 0x00000006 0x00000000 0x00000000
node3>node4>node5>node6>node1>node2
现在我们就可以做题了，已知我们的输入为A,B,C,D,E,F（每个输入大小1~6），经过一系列处理，得到的节点顺序为node3>node4>node5>node6>node1>node2
处理流程如下：
- 输入6个数，每个数不能大于6，且互不相同
- ai = 7 - ai
- ai对应node i，例如输入的数为5，6，4，…
- a1 = 7 - 5 = 2，存储地址为
%rsp+0x20，存储的值为M(R[rdx]+8) = 0x0x6032e0，即node2 - a2 == 7 - 6 = 1，存储地址为
%rsp+0x28，存储的值为0x6032d0，即node1 - a3 == 7 - 4 = 3，存储地址为
%rsp+0x30，存储的值为M( M {M(R[rdx]+8) + 8} + 8) = M( M {0x6032d8} + 8) = M(0x6032e8) = 0x6032f0，即node3
- a1 = 7 - 5 = 2，存储地址为
因此对于输入：5，6，4，…
（从%rsp+0x20开始）存储的节点依次为 node2 -> node1 -> node3 -> …
已知我们的输入为A,B,C,D,E,F（每个输入大小1~6）
- a = 7 - A , b = 7 - B ,…，得到a, b, c, d, e, f
- a对应node3；b对应node4；…
可以推出a = 3; b = 4; c = 5; d = 6; e = 1; f = 2
因此A~F依次为：4 3 2 1 6 5
secret_phase
00000000004015c4 <phase_defused>:
4015c4: 48 83 ec 78 sub $0x78,%rsp
4015c8: 64 48 8b 04 25 28 00 mov %fs:0x28,%rax
4015cf: 00 00
4015d1: 48 89 44 24 68 mov %rax,0x68(%rsp)
4015d6: 31 c0 xor %eax,%eax
4015d8: 83 3d 81 21 20 00 06 cmpl $0x6,0x202181(%rip) # 603760 <num_input_strings>
4015df: 75 5e jne 40163f <phase_defused+0x7b>
4015e1: 4c 8d 44 24 10 lea 0x10(%rsp),%r8 // 第五个参数
4015e6: 48 8d 4c 24 0c lea 0xc(%rsp),%rcx // 第四个参数
4015eb: 48 8d 54 24 08 lea 0x8(%rsp),%rdx // 第三个参数
4015f0: be 19 26 40 00 mov $0x402619,%esi // %d %d %s
4015f5: bf 70 38 60 00 mov $0x603870,%edi // 7 0
4015fa: e8 f1 f5 ff ff callq 400bf0 <__isoc99_sscanf@plt>
4015ff: 83 f8 03 cmp $0x3,%eax
401602: 75 31 jne 401635 <phase_defused+0x71>
401604: be 22 26 40 00 mov $0x402622,%esi // DrEvil
401609: 48 8d 7c 24 10 lea 0x10(%rsp),%rdi
40160e: e8 25 fd ff ff callq 401338 <strings_not_equal>
401613: 85 c0 test %eax,%eax
// 第三个输入若不是DrEvil,则jump 401635
401615: 75 1e jne 401635 <phase_defused+0x71>
// 0x4024f8: "Curses, you've found the secret phase!"
401617: bf f8 24 40 00 mov $0x4024f8,%edi
40161c: e8 ef f4 ff ff callq 400b10 <puts@plt>
// 0x402520: "But finding it and solving it are quite different..."
401621: bf 20 25 40 00 mov $0x402520,%edi
401626: e8 e5 f4 ff ff callq 400b10 <puts@plt>
40162b: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax //eax = 0
// 进入secret_phase
401630: e8 0d fc ff ff callq 401242 <secret_phase>
// 0x402558: "Congratulations! You've defused the bomb!"
401635: bf 58 25 40 00 mov $0x402558,%edi
40163a: e8 d1 f4 ff ff callq 400b10 <puts@plt>
40163f: 48 8b 44 24 68 mov 0x68(%rsp),%rax
401644: 64 48 33 04 25 28 00 xor %fs:0x28,%rax
40164b: 00 00
40164d: 74 05 je 401654 <phase_defused+0x90>
40164f: e8 dc f4 ff ff callq 400b30 <__stack_chk_fail@plt>
401654: 48 83 c4 78 add $0x78,%rsp
401658: c3 retq
401659: 90 nop
...
0000000000401242 <secret_phase>:
401242: 53 push %rbx
// 先读入一行然后调用strtol函数，rdi中存放的read_line返回值rax是str参数，而edx中的0xa应该是代表十进制，esi应该是特殊值0
// 之前我没注意这个函数的返回值赋到%rax，一直把rax当40162b处的0，看了很长时间(现在想，rax既不是调用者保存寄存器也不是被调用者保存寄存器，当时以为%rax能传到secret_phase就是错的)
401243: e8 56 02 00 00 callq 40149e <read_line>
401248: ba 0a 00 00 00 mov $0xa,%edx // edx = 0xa
40124d: be 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%esi // esi = 0
401252: 48 89 c7 mov %rax,%rdi // rdi = rax = input
401255: e8 76 f9 ff ff callq 400bd0 <strtol@plt> // string to long
40125a: 48 89 c3 mov %rax,%rbx // rbx = (long)input
40125d: 8d 40 ff lea -0x1(%rax),%eax // eax = input - 1
401260: 3d e8 03 00 00 cmp $0x3e8,%eax // input-1 <= 1000
401265: 76 05 jbe 40126c <secret_phase+0x2a>
401267: e8 ce 01 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
40126c: 89 de mov %ebx,%esi // esi = input
40126e: bf f0 30 60 00 mov $0x6030f0,%edi //edi = 0x6030f0
// 进入fun7,把 0x6030f0 和 输入的值 传递给fun7
401273: e8 8c ff ff ff callq 401204 <fun7>
401278: 83 f8 02 cmp $0x2,%eax // 返回结果必须为2
40127b: 74 05 je 401282 <secret_phase+0x40>
40127d: e8 b8 01 00 00 callq 40143a <explode_bomb>
401282: bf 38 24 40 00 mov $0x402438,%edi
401287: e8 84 f8 ff ff callq 400b10 <puts@plt>
40128c: e8 33 03 00 00 callq 4015c4 <phase_defused>
401291: 5b pop %rbx
401292: c3 retq
401293: 90 nop
...
(gdb) x/120w 0x6030f0
0x6030f0 <n1>: 0x00000024 0x00000000 0x00603110 0x00000000
0x603100 <n1+16>: 0x00603130 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603110 <n21>: 0x00000008 0x00000000 0x00603190 0x00000000
0x603120 <n21+16>: 0x00603150 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603130 <n22>: 0x00000032 0x00000000 0x00603170 0x00000000
0x603140 <n22+16>: 0x006031b0 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603150 <n32>: 0x00000016 0x00000000 0x00603270 0x00000000
0x603160 <n32+16>: 0x00603230 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603170 <n33>: 0x0000002d 0x00000000 0x006031d0 0x00000000
0x603180 <n33+16>: 0x00603290 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603190 <n31>: 0x00000006 0x00000000 0x006031f0 0x00000000
0x6031a0 <n31+16>: 0x00603250 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6031b0 <n34>: 0x0000006b 0x00000000 0x00603210 0x00000000
0x6031c0 <n34+16>: 0x006032b0 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6031d0 <n45>: 0x00000028 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6031e0 <n45+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6031f0 <n41>: 0x00000001 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603200 <n41+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603210 <n47>: 0x00000063 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603220 <n47+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603230 <n44>: 0x00000023 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603240 <n44+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603250 <n42>: 0x00000007 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603260 <n42+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603270 <n43>: 0x00000014 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603280 <n43+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x603290 <n46>: 0x0000002f 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6032a0 <n46+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6032b0 <n48>: 0x000003e9 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
0x6032c0 <n48+16>: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
上面就是我们的树结构，每个节点有一个值，和两个指针，指向左子树和右子树，对于叶子节点，指针的值是0，以上面0x6030f0为例，该节点的值是0x24，即36，左子树地址为0x00603110，右子树地址为0x00603130，都可以在上面查到，根据这个规则，可以画出下面的树结构：
0000000000401204 <fun7>:
401204: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
401208: 48 85 ff test %rdi,%rdi // rdi = 0x6030f0
40120b: 74 2b je 401238 <fun7+0x34>
40120d: 8b 17 mov (%rdi),%edx // m[rdi]=m[0x6030f0] 即tree->val
40120f: 39 f2 cmp %esi,%edx //comp tree->val : input
401211: 7e 0d jle 401220 <fun7+0x1c> // tree->val <= input
401213: 48 8b 7f 08 mov 0x8(%rdi),%rdi //左子节点
401217: e8 e8 ff ff ff callq 401204 <fun7>
40121c: 01 c0 add %eax,%eax // res = 2 * res
40121e: eb 1d jmp 40123d <fun7+0x39>
401220: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax // res = 0
401225: 39 f2 cmp %esi,%edx // comp tree->val : input
401227: 74 14 je 40123d <fun7+0x39> //tree->val == input
401229: 48 8b 7f 10 mov 0x10(%rdi),%rdi //右子节点
40122d: e8 d2 ff ff ff callq 401204 <fun7>
401232: 8d 44 00 01 lea 0x1(%rax,%rax,1),%eax //res = res * 2 + 1
401236: eb 05 jmp 40123d <fun7+0x39>
401238: b8 ff ff ff ff mov $0xffffffff,%eax
40123d: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
401241: c3 retq
c语言版本：
int res=0;
func(Bitree *r ,long input){
if(!r)return 0xffffffff
if(r->val<=input){
res=0;
if(r->val <input){
func(r->right,input);
res=res*2+1;
}
else return res;
}else{
func(r->left,input);
res*=2;
}
return res;
}
由于返回值为2，因此input不可能大于36，因为无论val=50处的节点处res是奇数还是偶数，val=36处的节点处值为res*2+1，一定是奇数。
根据这种思想，val=8处的节点res一定为1，因此要求val=6处的节点res为0.5，这种情况也可以排除，因为从这道题的汇编指令中可以看出不涉及浮点数的操作。
既然val=8处的节点res为1，则val=22处的节点res一定为0，因此input一种情况是22
若val=22处的节点res为0，val=35处的节点res无论是什么都不行，而val=20处的节点res为0时，向上回溯得到的val=22处的节点res也为0，因此input另一种情况是20
你可能会问input是21时会出现什么，他会走到20的右子节点处（空节点，值全为0），然后触发中40120b处代码，最终返回0xffffffff
最后附上用不同答案完成的图
答案总结：
Border relations with Canada have never been better.
1 2 4 8 16 32
3 256 或者 很多组合~~~
7 0 DrEvil
IONEFG 或者 )/.%&' 或者 ionefg
4 3 2 1 6 5
22 或者 20
扫一扫
3450
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
