SpringBoot + JPA + 枚举配置

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前言

状态映射关系太多？使用枚举变量，映射关系交给spring自动维护！！！告别烦恼！！！

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一、环境

1、SpringBoot

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

2、JPA

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、代码

步骤一：配置JPA枚举

import javax.persistence.AttributeConverter;
import javax.persistence.Converter;

@Converter(autoApply = true)
public class EnumConverter implements AttributeConverter<GradeEnum, String> {

	/**
	 * 此方法告诉jpa数据库里存的值
	 */
	@Override
	public String convertToDatabaseColumn(GradeEnum gradeEnum) {
		if (gradeEnum == null) {
			return null;
		}
		return gradeEnum.getDes();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 此方法告诉Java从数据库里取出的值对应的是哪个enum值
	 */
	@Override
	public GradeEnum convertToEntityAttribute(String des) {
		if (des == null) {
			return null;
		}
		for (GradeEnum gradeEnum : GradeEnum.values()) {
			if (gradeEnum.getDes().equals(des)) {
				return gradeEnum;
			}
		}
		throw new IllegalArgumentException(); // 或者给个默认的enum eg: return Category.UNKNOWN
	}
}

步骤二：配置枚举类

@Getter
public enum GradeEnum {
    PRIMARY(1, "小学"),
    SECONDARY(2, "中学"),
    HIGH(3, "高中");

    private final Integer code;
    private final String des;

    GradeEnum(Integer code, String des) {
        this.code = code;
        this.des = des;
    }

    /**
     * 使用@JsonValue，Jackson从默认序列化enum的name()换成这个。
     */
    @JsonValue
    public String des() {
        return des;
    }
}

步骤三：实体中使用Enum

@Data
@Table
@Entity
public class Student implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7011752983426204134L;

   	@Id
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private String sex;
    // 枚举
    private GradeEnum grade;
}

三、测试及结果

1、测试

@Test
void studentJpa(){
    Student student = new Student();
    student.setGrade(GradeEnum.HIGH);
    studentRepository.save(student);
    List<Student> students = studentRepository.findAll();
    System.out.println(students);
}

数据库

Debug中Student

Debug中查询到的StudentList