SVM（支持向量机）通常用于分类问题，和许多其他的机器学习算法一样，我们可以通过可视化来更深入地理解它的工作原理。这里我提供一个使用Python中的Scikit-Learn库进行SVM分类器可视化的简单示例。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
Created on 2023/06/13
@author: Guoliang Wang
@learn: SVM
# You can install anaconda or other python tool, to make the code can be runing .
# If you are a newer , install anaconda is a good idea.
# You can access the web:https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131194693 ,there is some tutorial。
import numpy as np
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn import svm
data_Set = []
data_train_x = []
data_Set_x = []
data_Set_y = []
fileIn = open(r"Data_SVM.csv") # 这里是数据集的路径
#为了拆分数据集，不过有更简单的方法，用split相关
for line in fileIn.readlines():
lineArr = line.strip().split(',')
data_Set.append(lineArr)
data_Set_x.append(lineArr[0:4])
data_Set_y.append(lineArr[4:5])
data_train_x,data_test_x = train_test_split(data_Set_x,test_size = 0.3,random_state = 55)
data_train_y,data_test_y = train_test_split(data_Set_y,test_size = 0.3,random_state = 55)
# SVM 的核函数类型：线性，径向基，多项式，神经元
clf1 = svm.SVC(C=1,kernel='linear').fit(data_train_x,data_train_y)
clf2 = svm.SVC(kernel='rbf').fit(data_train_x,data_train_y)
clf3 = svm.SVC(kernel='poly').fit(data_train_x,data_train_y)
clf4 = svm.SVC(kernel='sigmoid').fit(data_train_x,data_train_y)
data_train_result =clf1.predict(data_train_x)
data_test_result = clf1.predict(data_train_x)
print("linear线性核函数-训练集：",clf1.score(data_train_x, data_train_y))
print("linear线性核函数-测试集：",clf1.score(data_test_x, data_test_y))
print("rbf径向基核函数-训练集：",clf2.score(data_train_x, data_train_y))
print("rbf径向基函数-测试集：",clf2.score(data_test_x, data_test_y))
print("poly多项式核函数-训练集：",clf3.score(data_train_x, data_train_y))
print("poly多项式核函数-测试集：",clf3.score(data_test_x, data_test_y))
print("sigmoid神经元激活核函数-训练集：",clf4.score(data_train_x, data_train_y))
print("sigmoid神经元激活核函数-测试集：",clf4.score(data_test_x, data_test_y))
# print('decision_function:\n', clf.decision_function(data_train_x))
# print('\npredict:\n', clf.predict(data_train_x))
这段代码将加载鸢尾花数据集，并在前两个特征上训练一个线性SVM分类器。然后，它将对数据进行归一化处理，并通过生成网格数据来绘制决策边界和支持向量。最后，它将使用Matplotlib库来将结果显示出来。
以下为数据集，可已将数据集存储到.csv文件，然后微调上方代码load的路径即可运行。
5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.9 3 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3.6 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 Iris-setosa
4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 Iris-setosa
5 3.4 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 Iris-setosa
5.4 3.7 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.8 3 1.4 0.1 Iris-setosa
4.3 3 1.1 0.1 Iris-setosa
5.8 4 1.2 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.7 4.4 1.5 0.4 Iris-setosa
5.4 3.9 1.3 0.4 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.5 1.4 0.3 Iris-setosa
5.7 3.8 1.7 0.3 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.8 1.5 0.3 Iris-setosa
5.4 3.4 1.7 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.7 1.5 0.4 Iris-setosa
4.6 3.6 1 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.3 1.7 0.5 Iris-setosa
4.8 3.4 1.9 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3 1.6 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3.4 1.6 0.4 Iris-setosa
5.2 3.5 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.2 3.4 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.7 3.2 1.6 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.8 3.1 1.6 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.4 3.4 1.5 0.4 Iris-setosa
5.2 4.1 1.5 0.1 Iris-setosa
5.5 4.2 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 Iris-setosa
5 3.2 1.2 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.5 3.5 1.3 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 Iris-setosa
4.4 3 1.3 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.4 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3.5 1.3 0.3 Iris-setosa
4.5 2.3 1.3 0.3 Iris-setosa
4.4 3.2 1.3 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3.5 1.6 0.6 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.8 1.9 0.4 Iris-setosa
4.8 3 1.4 0.3 Iris-setosa
5.1 3.8 1.6 0.2 Iris-setosa
4.6 3.2 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
5.3 3.7 1.5 0.2 Iris-setosa
5 3.3 1.4 0.2 Iris-setosa
7 3.2 4.7 1.4 Iris-versicolor
6.4 3.2 4.5 1.5 Iris-versicolor
6.9 3.1 4.9 1.5 Iris-versicolor
5.5 2.3 4 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.5 2.8 4.6 1.5 Iris-versicolor
5.7 2.8 4.5 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.3 3.3 4.7 1.6 Iris-versicolor
4.9 2.4 3.3 1 Iris-versicolor
6.6 2.9 4.6 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.2 2.7 3.9 1.4 Iris-versicolor
5 2 3.5 1 Iris-versicolor
5.9 3 4.2 1.5 Iris-versicolor
6 2.2 4 1 Iris-versicolor
6.1 2.9 4.7 1.4 Iris-versicolor
5.6 2.9 3.6 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.7 3.1 4.4 1.4 Iris-versicolor
5.6 3 4.5 1.5 Iris-versicolor
5.8 2.7 4.1 1 Iris-versicolor
6.2 2.2 4.5 1.5 Iris-versicolor
5.6 2.5 3.9 1.1 Iris-versicolor
5.9 3.2 4.8 1.8 Iris-versicolor
6.1 2.8 4 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.3 2.5 4.9 1.5 Iris-versicolor
6.1 2.8 4.7 1.2 Iris-versicolor
6.4 2.9 4.3 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.6 3 4.4 1.4 Iris-versicolor
6.8 2.8 4.8 1.4 Iris-versicolor
6.7 3 5 1.7 Iris-versicolor
6 2.9 4.5 1.5 Iris-versicolor
5.7 2.6 3.5 1 Iris-versicolor
5.5 2.4 3.8 1.1 Iris-versicolor
5.5 2.4 3.7 1 Iris-versicolor
5.8 2.7 3.9 1.2 Iris-versicolor
6 2.7 5.1 1.6 Iris-versicolor
5.4 3 4.5 1.5 Iris-versicolor
6 3.4 4.5 1.6 Iris-versicolor
6.7 3.1 4.7 1.5 Iris-versicolor
6.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.6 3 4.1 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.5 2.5 4 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.5 2.6 4.4 1.2 Iris-versicolor
6.1 3 4.6 1.4 Iris-versicolor
5.8 2.6 4 1.2 Iris-versicolor
5 2.3 3.3 1 Iris-versicolor
5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.7 3 4.2 1.2 Iris-versicolor
5.7 2.9 4.2 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.2 2.9 4.3 1.3 Iris-versicolor
5.1 2.5 3 1.1 Iris-versicolor
5.7 2.8 4.1 1.3 Iris-versicolor
6.3 3.3 6 2.5 Iris-virginica
5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 Iris-virginica
7.1 3 5.9 2.1 Iris-virginica
6.3 2.9 5.6 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.5 3 5.8 2.2 Iris-virginica
7.6 3 6.6 2.1 Iris-virginica
4.9 2.5 4.5 1.7 Iris-virginica
7.3 2.9 6.3 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 Iris-virginica
7.2 3.6 6.1 2.5 Iris-virginica
6.5 3.2 5.1 2 Iris-virginica
6.4 2.7 5.3 1.9 Iris-virginica
6.8 3 5.5 2.1 Iris-virginica
5.7 2.5 5 2 Iris-virginica
5.8 2.8 5.1 2.4 Iris-virginica
6.4 3.2 5.3 2.3 Iris-virginica
6.5 3 5.5 1.8 Iris-virginica
7.7 3.8 6.7 2.2 Iris-virginica
7.7 2.6 6.9 2.3 Iris-virginica
6 2.2 5 1.5 Iris-virginica
6.9 3.2 5.7 2.3 Iris-virginica
5.6 2.8 4.9 2 Iris-virginica
7.7 2.8 6.7 2 Iris-virginica
6.3 2.7 4.9 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.7 3.3 5.7 2.1 Iris-virginica
7.2 3.2 6 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.2 2.8 4.8 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.1 3 4.9 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.4 2.8 5.6 2.1 Iris-virginica
7.2 3 5.8 1.6 Iris-virginica
7.4 2.8 6.1 1.9 Iris-virginica
7.9 3.8 6.4 2 Iris-virginica
6.4 2.8 5.6 2.2 Iris-virginica
6.3 2.8 5.1 1.5 Iris-virginica
6.1 2.6 5.6 1.4 Iris-virginica
7.7 3 6.1 2.3 Iris-virginica
6.3 3.4 5.6 2.4 Iris-virginica
6.4 3.1 5.5 1.8 Iris-virginica
6 3 4.8 1.8 Iris-virginica
6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 Iris-virginica
6.7 3.1 5.6 2.4 Iris-virginica
6.9 3.1 5.1 2.3 Iris-virginica
5.8 2.7 5.1 1.9 Iris-virginica
6.8 3.2 5.9 2.3 Iris-virginica
6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 Iris-virginica
6.7 3 5.2 2.3 Iris-virginica
6.3 2.5 5 1.9 Iris-virginica
6.5 3 5.2 2 Iris-virginica
6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 Iris-virginica
5.9 3 5.1 1.8 Iris-virginica
数据包：见文章前部分，代码块内容即为全部代码。
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