Django简单博客实战（三）--- 接入富文本编辑ckeditor

Django接入富文本编辑ckeditor

后台配置ckeditor

1. 安装ckeditor

pip install django-ckeditor

2. 配置ckeditor

2.1 不包含图片上传功能

2.1.1 在settings.py中的INSTALLED_APPS添加ckeditor,并配置ckeditor指定数量工具栏

INSTALLED_APPS添加ckeditor

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'simpleui',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blogger',
    'comment',
    'post',
    'ckeditor', # 添加该行
    # 'ckeditor_uploader',
]

配置ckeditor工具栏

CKEDITOR_CONFIGS = {
    # django-ckeditor默认使用default配置
    'default': {
        # 编辑器宽度自适应
        'width':'auto',
        'height':'250px',
        # tab键转换空格数
        'tabSpaces': 4,
        # 工具栏风格
        'toolbar': 'Custom', # 指定数量工具栏
        # 'toolbar':'full', # 完整工具条

        # 自定义工具栏
        # 工具栏按钮
        'toolbar_Custom': [
            # 表情 代码块
            ['Smiley', 'CodeSnippet'],
            # 字体风格
            ['Bold', 'Italic', 'Underline', 'RemoveFormat', 'Blockquote'],
            # 字体颜色
            ['TextColor', 'BGColor'],
            # 链接
            ['Link', 'Unlink'],
            # 列表
            ['NumberedList', 'BulletedList'],
            # 图片
            ['Image', 'Link', 'Unlink'],
            # 最大化
            ['Maximize']
        ],
        # 加入代码块插件
        'extraPlugins': ','.join(['codesnippet','widget','lineutils',]),
    }
}

2.1.2 model.py文件中将TextField字段替换为RichTextField字段

from django.db import models
from ckeditor.fields import RichTextField
# Create your models here.
class Blogger(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField('博主名',default='狼性书生',max_length=20)
    head_photo = models.ImageField('头像', upload_to='blog_img',null=True,blank=True,default='/cover_img/default.jpg')
    blog_major = models.CharField('职业',default='程序猿',max_length=20)
	
    autograph = RichTextField('个性签名',default='个性签名') #将TextField字段替换为RichTextField字段
    
   blog_email = models.EmailField('博主邮箱',default='794859685@qq.com')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Link(models.Model):
    link_name = models.CharField("链接",max_length=50)
    blogger = models.ForeignKey('Blogger',on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='blogger_link')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.link_name

2.1.3 将model模型注册到后台,运行测试

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Blogger,Link,Layout
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
# Register your models here.
admin.site.site_title="Mr Wolf Blog"
admin.site.site_header="Mr Wolf博客管理系统"

@admin.register(Blogger)
class BloggerAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['id','name','image_data','blog_major','autograph','blog_email']
    list_editable = ['name','blog_major','blog_email']

    # 缩略图，后台展示页显示缩略图
    def image_data(self,obj):
        return mark_safe(u'<img src="%s" width="100px" />' % obj.head_photo.url)
    image_data.short_description = u'头像'

@admin.register(Link)
class LinkAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['id','link_name','blogger']
    list_editable = ['link_name','blogger']

2.2 包含图片上传功能

2.2.1 在settings.py中INSTALLED_APPS添加ckeditor和ckeditor_uploader,并配置ckeditor工具栏和图片上传路径

添加ckeditor和ckeditor_uploader

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'simpleui',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blogger',
    'comment',
    'post',
    'ckeditor', # 添加该行
    'ckeditor_uploader', # 添加该行
]

配置ckeditor工具栏

CKEDITOR_CONFIGS = {
    # django-ckeditor默认使用default配置
    'default': {
        # 编辑器宽度自适应
        'width':'auto',
        'height':'250px',
        # tab键转换空格数
        'tabSpaces': 4,
        # 工具栏风格
        'toolbar': 'Custom',
        # 'toolbar':'full', # 完整工具条

        # 自定义工具栏
        # 工具栏按钮
        # 'toolbar_Custom': [
        #     # 表情 代码块
        #     ['Smiley', 'CodeSnippet'],
        #     # 字体风格
        #     ['Bold', 'Italic', 'Underline', 'RemoveFormat', 'Blockquote'],
        #     # 字体颜色
        #     ['TextColor', 'BGColor'],
        #     # 链接
        #     ['Link', 'Unlink'],
        #     # 列表
        #     ['NumberedList', 'BulletedList'],
        #     # 图片
        #     ['Image', 'Link', 'Unlink'],
        #     # 最大化
        #     ['Maximize']
        # ],
        # # 加入代码块插件
        'extraPlugins': ','.join(['codesnippet','prism','uploadimage','widget','lineutils',]),
    }
}

配置图片上传路径

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'  # # 用于指定url路径
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static', 'media')  # 用于指定上传文件的存储路径

CKEDITOR_UPLOAD_PATH = 'upload/'  # 图片将上传到项目下的media/upload路径下，图片的url是 /media/upload/
CKEDITOR_IMAGE_BACKEND = 'pillow'  # 用于生成图片缩略图，在编辑器里浏览上传的图片

2.2.2 配置根urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include,url
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'', include('ckeditor_uploader.urls')),  #配置该行
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)  #配置该行

2.2.3 将TextField字段替换为RichTextUploadingField字段

import os
import time
import datetime
from django.db import models
# from ckeditor.fields import RichTextField
from ckeditor_uploader.fields import RichTextUploadingField
# Create your models here.

def modify_path(instance, filename):
    '''
    重定义封面保存路径
    :param instance: self
    :param filename: 文件名
    :return: 新路径
    '''
    ext = filename.split('.').pop()
    now_date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')
    now_time = int(time.time())
    filename = '{0}{1}.{2}'.format(now_date, now_time, ext)
    return os.path.join('cover_img', now_date, filename) 

class Post(models.Model):
    '''
    文章模型
    '''
    title = models.CharField('标题',max_length=100,default='无标题名',null=True,blank=True)
    cover = models.ImageField('封面', upload_to=modify_path,null=True,blank=True,default='/cover_img/default.jpg')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间',auto_now=True)
	
    content = RichTextUploadingField('文章内容',default='文章内容') # 将TextField字段替换为RichTextUploadingField字段
    
    is_publish = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_comment = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    category = models.ForeignKey('Category',on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='post')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    # 完善后台数据显示过长情况
    def short_detail(self):
        if len(str(self.content)) > 30:
            return '{}...'.format(str(self.content)[0:29])
        else:
            return str(self.content)
    short_detail.allow_tags = True
    short_detail.short_description = u'文章内容'

class Category(models.Model):
    post_category = models.CharField('文章类别',max_length=20,default='杂记')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.post_category

将model模型注册到后台,运行测试

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Post,Category
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
# Register your models here.

@admin.register(Post)
class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['id','title','image_data','create_time','short_detail','is_publish','is_comment','category']
    list_editable = ['is_publish','is_comment','category']
    list_filter = ['title','create_time','is_publish','is_comment','category']
    # readonly_fields = ('image_data',)  # 必须加这行 否则访问编辑页面会报错

    # 缩略图显示
    def image_data(self,obj):
        return mark_safe(u'<img src="%s" width="100px" />' % obj.cover.url)
    image_data.short_description = u'封面'

@admin.register(Category)
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ['id','post_category']
    list_editable = ['post_category']

3. 迁移后运行

富文本图片自适应(兼容手机端)：在高级选项中配置：-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic; float:left; width:100%

效果图

代码高亮参考以下文章

• https://www.jianshu.com/p/a14970431762