Spirng自动装配?
1.准备类:
Apple类:
public class Apple {
public void eat(){
System.out.println("吃苹果。。");
}
}
Orange类:
public class Orange {
public void eat(){
System.out.println("吃橘子。。");
}
}
Fruit类:
public class Fruit {
private Apple apple;
private Orange orange;
public Apple getApple() {
return apple;
}
public void setApple(Apple apple) {
this.apple = apple;
}
public Orange getOrange() {
return orange;
}
public void setOrange(Orange orange) {
this.orange = orange;
}
}
Test测试类:
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
app.getBean("fruit",cn.autowire.vo.Fruit.class).getApple().eat();
app.getBean("fruit",cn.autowire.vo.Fruit.class).getOrange().eat();
}
}
2.xml配置文件
<!--注入apple和orange两个bean-->
<bean id="apple" class="cn.autowire.vo.Apple"/>
<bean id="orange" class="cn.autowire.vo.Orange"/>
<!-- 注入fruit这个bean-->
<bean id="fruit" class="cn.autowire.vo.Fruit" autowire="byName"/>
Ps:对fruit这个bean进行装配时,如果使用byName,Spring容器将根据fruit中所需要装配的属性去查找类中对应的set方法,然后去掉方法名中的“set”并将首字母小写,然后去匹配其他bean的id,匹配成功注入。eg:在装配apple属性时,找到setApple,取出“set”,小写得到apple,找到id=“apple”的bean然后装配。如果没有匹配则抛出异常:(java.lang.NullPointerException);
<!--注入apple和orange两个bean-->
<bean id="apple" class="cn.autowire.vo.Apple"/>
<bean id="orange" class="cn.autowire.vo.Orange"/>
<!-- 注入fruit这个bean-->
<bean id="fruit" class="cn.autowire.vo.Fruit" autowire="byType"/>
Ps:如果使用byType,则根据属性的class去匹配Spring中的bean,如果符合的bean不唯一,则会报错:(No qualifying bean of type cn.autowire.vo.Apple] is defined)
3.通过Annotation配置:
xml配置文件
<!--Annotation配置-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--注入apple和orange两个bean-->
<bean id="apple" class="cn.autowire.vo.Apple"/>
<bean id="orange" class="cn.autowire.vo.Orange"/>
<!-- 注入fruit这个bean-->
<bean id="fruit" class="cn.autowire.vo.Fruit" />
@Autowired
public class Fruit {
@Autowired
private Apple apple;
@Autowired
private Orange orange;
public Apple getApple() {
return apple;
}
public void setApple(Apple apple) {
this.apple = apple;
}
public Orange getOrange() {
return orange;
}
public void setOrange(Orange orange) {
this.orange = orange;
}
}
在对应属性上设置@Autowire注解,按照byType方式装配 。如果需要更改为byName方式,可以配和@Qualifier使用:
@Autowire
@Qualifier(value="apple")
private Apple apple;
@Autowire
@Qualifier(value="orange")
private Orange orange;