java 设计模式:创建型模式::建造者模式

资源来源 菜鸟教程

实现一 

创建一个食物条目和食物的包装的接口

Item.java

public interface Item {

    public String name();//名称
    public  Packing packing();//包装
    public  float price();//价格
}

Packing.java

/**
 * 食物包装接口
 */
public interface Packing {

    public  String pack();
}

实现二

创建实现Packing接口的实现类

Bottle.java

/**
 * 瓶子类
 */
public class Bottle implements Packing {
    @Override
    public String pack() {
        return "Bottle";
    }
}

Wrapper.java

/**
 * 包装纸类
 */
public class Wrapper implements Packing {


    @Override
    public String pack() {
        return "Wrapper";
    }
}

实现三

创建Item接口的抽象类，该类提供了默认的功能

Burger.java

public  abstract class Burger implements Item {


    @Override
    public Packing packing() {
        return new Wrapper();
    }

    @Override
    public abstract float price();
}

ColdDrink.java

public abstract class ColdDrink implements Item {
    @Override
    public Packing packing() {
        return new Bottle();
    }

    @Override
    public abstract float price() ;
}

实现四

创建扩展了Burger 和ColdDrink的实体类

Coke.java

/**
 * 可口可乐   继承 饮料抽象类
 */
public class Coke extends ColdDrink {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Coke{可口可乐}";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 30.0f;
    }
}

Pepsi.java

/**
 * 百事可乐 继承饮料抽象类
 */
public class Pepsi extends ColdDrink {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "Pepsi{百事可乐}";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 35.0f;
    }
}

ChickenBurger.java

/***
 * 鸡肉汉堡
 */
public class ChickenBurger extends Burger {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "ChickenBurger {鸡肉汉堡}";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 50.0f;
    }
}

VegBurger.java

/**
 * 蔬菜汉堡
 */
public class VegBurger  extends Burger {
    @Override
    public String name() {
        return "VegBurger{蔬菜汉堡}";
    }

    @Override
    public float price() {
        return 25.0f;
    }
}

 

实现五

创建一个Meal 类，带有上面的item对象

Meal .java

public class Meal {

    List<Item> items= new ArrayList<Item>();

    public  void  addItem(Item item){
        items.add(item);
    }
    public  float getCost(){
        float cost=0.0f;
        for (Item item: items) {
            cost+=item.price();
        }
        return cost;
    }

    public  void  showItems(){

        for (Item item: items ) {
            System.err.println("名称"+item.name());
            System.err.println(",  包装 :"+item.packing().pack());
            System.err.println(",     价格 :"+item.price());
        }
    }







}

实现六

创建一个MealBuilder类，实际的Builder类负责创建Meal对象

MealBuilder.java

public class MealBuilder {

    public  Meal preparVegMeal(){
        Meal meal = new Meal();
        meal.addItem(new VegBurger());
        meal.addItem(new Coke());
        return meal;
    }

    public  Meal prepareNonVegMeal(){
        Meal meal = new Meal();
        meal.addItem(new ChickenBurger());
        meal.addItem(new Pepsi());
        return meal;
    }
}

实现七

 

使用MealBuilder演示建造者模式

  public  static void main (String[] ages){ //建造者模式

        MealBuilder mealBuilder = new MealBuilder();

        System.out.println("Non -Veg Meal");
        Meal meal = mealBuilder.prepareNonVegMeal();
        meal.showItems();
        System.err.println("总共消费"+meal.getCost());

        System.out.println("Veg Meal");
        Meal meal1 = mealBuilder.preparVegMeal();
        meal1.showItems();
        System.err.println("总共消费"+meal1.getCost());
    }

测试结果