2023.07.26 驱动开发 DAY4

编写LED驱动，创建三个设备文件，每个设备文件绑定一个设备

驱动文件

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include "head.h"

gpio_t *vir_gpioe;
gpio_t *vir_gpiof;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
struct cdev *cdev;
unsigned int count = 3;     //设备数量
unsigned int major = 500;   //主设备号
unsigned int minor = 0;     //次设备号的起始值
dev_t devno;                //动态申请到的设备号
char kbuf[128]={0};

int all_led_init(void)
{
    // 进行寄存器地址的映射
    vir_rcc = ioremap(RCC, 4);
    if (vir_rcc == NULL)
    {
        printk("映射物理内存失败%d\n", __LINE__);
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_gpioe = ioremap(GPIOE, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (vir_gpioe == NULL)
    {
        printk("映射物理内存失败%d\n", __LINE__);
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_gpiof = ioremap(GPIOF, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (vir_gpiof == NULL)
    {
        printk("映射物理内存失败%d\n", __LINE__);
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    printk("映射物理内存成功\n");

    // 硬件寄存器的初始化
    (*vir_rcc) |= (0X3 << 4);             // RCC使能GPIOEF
    (vir_gpioe->MODER) &= (~(0X3 << 20)); // 设置PE10为输出模式 LED1
    (vir_gpioe->MODER) |= (0X1 << 20);
    (vir_gpiof->MODER) &= (~(0X3 << 20)); // 设置PF10为输出模式 LED2
    (vir_gpiof->MODER) |= (0X1 << 20);
    (vir_gpioe->MODER) &= (~(0X3 << 16)); // 设置PE8为输出模式 LED3
    (vir_gpioe->MODER) |= (0X1 << 16);
    printk("硬件寄存器初始化成功\n");
    return 0;
}

//封装操作方法
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int a = inode->i_rdev;  //获取当前设备文件对应的设备号
    file->private_data = (void *)MINOR(a);  //将次设备号保存到当前文件的file结构中
    printk("a=%d __%d__\n", a, __LINE__);
    return 0;
}

ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char  *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    {
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    }
    long ret;
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_to_user filed\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    return 0;
}

ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char  *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))//用户的需求内核满足不了
    {
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    }
    long ret;
    ret = copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_from_user filed\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    return 0;
}

int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    return 0;
}

long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    unsigned int a = (unsigned int)file->private_data;
    printk("a=%d __%d__\n", a, __LINE__);
    switch(a)
    {
        case 0:
            switch(cmd)
            {
                case LED_ON:
                    vir_gpioe->ODR |= (0x1 << 10);
                    break;
                case LED_OFF:
                    vir_gpioe->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));
                    break;
            }
            break;   
        case 1:
            switch(cmd)
            {
                case LED_ON:
                    vir_gpiof->ODR |= (0x1 << 10);
                    break;
                case LED_OFF:
                    vir_gpiof->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 10));
                    break;
            }
            break; 
        case 2:
            switch(cmd)
            {
                case LED_ON:
                    vir_gpioe->ODR |= (0x1 << 8);
                    break;
                case LED_OFF:
                    vir_gpioe->ODR &= (~(0x1 << 8));
                    break;
            }
            break;                          
    }
    return 0;
}

//定义一个操作方法结构体变量并且初始化
struct file_operations fops={
    .open = mycdev_open,
    .release = mycdev_close,
    .read = mycdev_read,
    .write = mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl = mycdev_ioctl,
};

static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
    int ret;
    //1.申请对象空间 cdev_alloc
    cdev = cdev_alloc();
    if(cdev == NULL) 
    {
        printk("申请对象空间失败\n");
        ret = -EFAULT;
        goto OUT1;
    }
    printk("申请对象空间成功\n");

    //2.初始化对象  cdev_init
    cdev_init(cdev, &fops);
    printk("初始化对象成功\n");

    //3.申请设备号  register_chrdev_region()/alloc_chrdev_region()
    if(major==0)//动态申请
    {
        ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, minor, count, "mycdev");
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("动态申请设备号失败\n");
            goto OUT2;
        }
        //统一后面的操作
        major = MAJOR(devno);//根据设备号获取主设备号
        minor = MINOR(devno);
    }
    else 
    {
        ret=register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor), count, "mycdev");
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto OUT2;
        }
    }
    printk("申请设备号成功\n");

    //4.注册驱动对象 cdev_add()
    ret = cdev_add(cdev, MKDEV(major,minor), count);
    if(ret)
    {
            printk("注册设备驱动对象失败\n");
            goto OUT3;
    }
    printk("注册驱动对象成功\n");

    //5.向上提交目录  class_create()
    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mycdev");
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
        ret = -PTR_ERR(cls);
        goto OUT4;
    }
    printk("向上提交目录成功\n");

    //6.向上提交设备信息 device_create()
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        dev = device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, i), NULL, "mycdev%d", i);
        if (IS_ERR(dev))
        {
            printk("向上提交设备节点信息失败\n");
            ret = -PTR_ERR(dev);
            goto OUT5;
        }
    }
    printk("向上提交设备信息成功\n");

    all_led_init();
    return 0;

OUT5:
    for(--i;i>=0;i--)//将提交成功的设备信息销毁
    {
        device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
    }
    class_destroy(cls);
OUT4:
    cdev_del(cdev);
OUT3:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3);
OUT2:
    kfree(cdev);
OUT1:
    return ret;
}

static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
    // 取消地址映射
    iounmap(vir_gpioe);
    iounmap(vir_gpiof);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);
    //1.销毁设备信息  device_destroy
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
    }
    //2.销毁目录    class_destroy
    class_destroy(cls);
    //3.注销驱动对象  cdev_del
    cdev_del(cdev);
    //4.释放设备号   unregister_chrdev_region()
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor), count);
    //5.释放对象空间   kfree()
    kfree(cdev);
    printk("卸载驱动成功\n");
}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

应用程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "head.h"

int main(int argc,const char * argv[])
{
    system("rmmod demo");
    system("insmod demo.ko");
    int sel;
    int fd1 = open("/dev/mycdev0", O_RDWR);
    if(fd1 < 0)
    {
        perror("open");
        printf("%s : %s : %d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
        return -1;
    }
    int fd2 = open("/dev/mycdev1", O_RDWR);
    if(fd2 < 0)
    {
        perror("open");
        printf("%s : %s : %d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
        return -1;
    }
    int fd3 = open("/dev/mycdev2", O_RDWR);
    if(fd3 < 0)
    {
        perror("open");
        printf("%s : %s : %d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
        return -1;
    }

    while(1)
    {
        printf("1> LED1 ON\n");
        printf("2> LED1 OFF\n");
        printf("3> LED2 ON\n");
        printf("4> LED2 OFF\n");
        printf("5> LED3 ON\n");
        printf("6> LED3 OFF\n");
        printf("请选择功能>>>");
        scanf("%d", &sel);
        getchar();
        switch(sel)
        {
            case 1:
                ioctl(fd1, LED_ON); 
                break;
            case 2:
                ioctl(fd1, LED_OFF);
                break;
            case 3:
                ioctl(fd2, LED_ON); 
                break;
            case 4:
                ioctl(fd2, LED_OFF);
                break;
            case 5:
                ioctl(fd3, LED_ON); 
                break;
            case 6:
                ioctl(fd3, LED_OFF);
                break;
        }
    }
    close(fd1);
    close(fd2);
    close(fd3);
    return 0;
}

头文件

#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__

typedef struct {
	volatile unsigned int MODER;   // 0x00
	volatile unsigned int OTYPER;  // 0x04
	volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR; // 0x08
	volatile unsigned int PUPDR;   // 0x0C
	volatile unsigned int IDR;     // 0x10
	volatile unsigned int ODR;     // 0x14
} gpio_t;

#define RCC   0X50000A28
#define GPIOE 0x50006000
#define GPIOF 0x50007000

//功能码
#define LED_ON  _IO('l', 1)
#define LED_OFF _IO('l', 0)

#endif