I/O即为Input(输入)/Output(输出),这里的输入指的是将存储在硬盘的文件中的数据输入到内存中,经过一系列数据处理(也有可能不需要处理,比如复制文件)。输出是将内存中的数据在硬盘中创建一个文件,输出到文件中。
在java中输入输出流可以分为两大类,字节流和字符流。为什么是有两种流呢?不同字符集对一个中文编码,字节编码不同,就会导致字节流操作中文时不方便,操作不当就会出现乱码的情况。
下面是总结的JAVA中I/O流使用的类。
1、使用FileInputStream和FileOutputstream来进行文件的复制 。
package io.stream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class CopyFileTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("a.txt");
fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("a副本.txt");
int byte_value;
while ((byte_value = fileInputStream.read()) != -1) {
fileOutputStream.write(byte_value);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (fileOutputStream != null) {
try {
fileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
2、使用BufferedInputStream和BufferedOutputStream进行复制视频文件
package io.stream;
import java.io.*;
public class CopyVedioByBufferedTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = null;
BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = null;
try {
bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("C:\\demo\\a\\aaa.mp4"));
bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("C:\\demo\\b\\aaa.mp4"));
byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
while ((bufferedInputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {
bufferedOutputStream.write(byt);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (bufferedInputStream != null) {
try {
bufferedInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (bufferedOutputStream != null) {
try {
bufferedOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
3、使用FileReader和FileWriter来实现输入用户名和密码,将其存到本地,以及查看文件中的用户名和密码。
package io.stream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class UserRegisterByCharStream {
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileReader fileReader = null;
FileWriter fileWriter = null;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
try {
fileWriter = new FileWriter("UserInfo.txt",true);
fileReader = new FileReader("UserInfo.txt");
String name = "";
String password = "";
String userinfo = "";
System.out.println("如果您是新用户,请输入【r】进行注册\r\n如果您是老用户,请输入【s】查看用户名和密码\r\n输入其他任意键结束");
while (true) {
System.out.println("请输入:");
String select_result = scanner.next();
if (select_result.equals("r")) {
System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
name = scanner.next();
System.out.println("请输入密码:");
password = scanner.next();
userinfo = name + "," + password + "\r\n";
fileWriter.write(userinfo);
fileWriter.flush();
} else if (select_result.equals("s")) {
char[] chars = new char[1024];
int len;
while ((len = fileReader.read(chars)) != -1) {
String user = new String(chars,0,len);
System.out.println(user);
}
} else {
break;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileReader != null) {
try {
fileReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (fileWriter != null) {
try {
fileWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
4、使用BufferedReader和BufferedWriter实现读取文件中的数据,排序后输出。
package io.stream;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class BufferedWriterAndBufferedReaderTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;
try {
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("array.txt"));
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("arraySort.txt"));
String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
String[] splits = line.split(",");
int[] nums = new int[splits.length];
for (int i = 0; i < splits.length; i++) {
nums[i] = Integer.parseInt(splits[i]);
}
Arrays.sort(nums);
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
bufferedWriter.write(nums[i] + " ");
bufferedWriter.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (bufferedWriter != null) {
try {
bufferedWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}