JAVA-I/O流

I/O即为Input（输入）/Output（输出），这里的输入指的是将存储在硬盘的文件中的数据输入到内存中，经过一系列数据处理（也有可能不需要处理，比如复制文件）。输出是将内存中的数据在硬盘中创建一个文件，输出到文件中。

在java中输入输出流可以分为两大类，字节流和字符流。为什么是有两种流呢？不同字符集对一个中文编码，字节编码不同，就会导致字节流操作中文时不方便，操作不当就会出现乱码的情况。

下面是总结的JAVA中I/O流使用的类。

1、使用FileInputStream和FileOutputstream来进行文件的复制 。

package io.stream;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyFileTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
        try {
            fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("a.txt");
            fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("a副本.txt");
            int byte_value;
            while ((byte_value = fileInputStream.read()) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(byte_value);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (fileInputStream != null) {
                try {
                    fileInputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (fileOutputStream != null) {
                try {
                    fileOutputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2、使用BufferedInputStream和BufferedOutputStream进行复制视频文件

package io.stream;

import java.io.*;

public class CopyVedioByBufferedTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = null;
        BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = null;
        try {
            bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("C:\\demo\\a\\aaa.mp4"));
            bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("C:\\demo\\b\\aaa.mp4"));
            byte[] byt = new byte[1024];        
            while ((bufferedInputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {
                bufferedOutputStream.write(byt);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (bufferedInputStream != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedInputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (bufferedOutputStream != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedOutputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

3、使用FileReader和FileWriter来实现输入用户名和密码，将其存到本地，以及查看文件中的用户名和密码。

package io.stream;

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class UserRegisterByCharStream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FileReader fileReader = null;
        FileWriter fileWriter = null;
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        try {
            fileWriter = new FileWriter("UserInfo.txt",true);
            fileReader = new FileReader("UserInfo.txt");
            String name = "";
            String password = "";
            String userinfo = "";
            System.out.println("如果您是新用户，请输入【r】进行注册\r\n如果您是老用户，请输入【s】查看用户名和密码\r\n输入其他任意键结束");
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("请输入：");
                String select_result = scanner.next();
                if (select_result.equals("r")) {
                    System.out.println("请输入用户名：");
                    name = scanner.next();
                    System.out.println("请输入密码：");
                    password = scanner.next();
                    userinfo = name + "," + password + "\r\n";
                    fileWriter.write(userinfo);
                    fileWriter.flush();
                } else if (select_result.equals("s")) {
                    char[] chars = new char[1024];
                    int len;
                    while ((len = fileReader.read(chars)) != -1) {
                        String user = new String(chars,0,len);
                        System.out.println(user);
                    }
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (fileReader != null) {
                try {
                    fileReader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (fileWriter != null) {
                try {
                    fileWriter.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

4、使用BufferedReader和BufferedWriter实现读取文件中的数据，排序后输出。

package io.stream;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class BufferedWriterAndBufferedReaderTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;
        try {
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("array.txt"));
            bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("arraySort.txt"));
            String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
            String[] splits = line.split(",");
            int[] nums = new int[splits.length];
            for (int i = 0; i < splits.length; i++) {
                nums[i] = Integer.parseInt(splits[i]);
            }
            Arrays.sort(nums);
            for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
                bufferedWriter.write(nums[i] + " ");
                bufferedWriter.flush();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (bufferedReader != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedReader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (bufferedWriter != null) {
                try {
                    bufferedWriter.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}