实现一个简单的数据库连接池

使用wait和notifyAll来实现一个简单的数据库连接池

我们先通过实现Connection接口来模拟我们的sql连接

public class SqlConnectImpl implements Connection{
	
	//自己定义的方法，用来返回这个sql连接，其他的方法均为覆盖
    public static final Connection fetchConnection(){
        return new SqlConnectImpl();
    }

	@Override
	public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void abort(Executor arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void clearWarnings() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void close() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void commit() throws SQLException {
		SleepTools.ms(70);
	}

	@Override
	public Array createArrayOf(String arg0, Object[] arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Blob createBlob() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Clob createClob() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public NClob createNClob() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public SQLXML createSQLXML() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Statement createStatement() throws SQLException {
		SleepTools.ms(1);
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Statement createStatement(int arg0, int arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Statement createStatement(int arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Struct createStruct(String arg0, Object[] arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean getAutoCommit() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public String getCatalog() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Properties getClientInfo() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getClientInfo(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getHoldability() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public DatabaseMetaData getMetaData() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getNetworkTimeout() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public String getSchema() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public int getTransactionIsolation() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return 0;
	}

	@Override
	public Map<String, Class<?>> getTypeMap() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isClosed() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isReadOnly() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isValid(int arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public String nativeSQL(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public CallableStatement prepareCall(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public CallableStatement prepareCall(String arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public CallableStatement prepareCall(String arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0, int arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0, int[] arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0, String[] arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void releaseSavepoint(Savepoint arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void rollback() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void rollback(Savepoint arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setAutoCommit(boolean arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setCatalog(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setClientInfo(Properties arg0) throws SQLClientInfoException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setClientInfo(String arg0, String arg1) throws SQLClientInfoException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setHoldability(int arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setNetworkTimeout(Executor arg0, int arg1) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setReadOnly(boolean arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Savepoint setSavepoint() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public Savepoint setSavepoint(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void setSchema(String arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setTransactionIsolation(int arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setTypeMap(Map<String, Class<?>> arg0) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}
	
}

接下来，我们新建一个自己的连接池的类，如下

public class DBPool {
	
	//数据库池的容器，用链表来存储每一个连接，获取连接从头部拿，释放连接向尾部放
	private static LinkedList<Connection> pool = new LinkedList<>();
	//使用构造方法来初始化数据库池
	public DBPool(int initalSize) {
		if(initalSize>0) {
			for(int i=0;i<initalSize;i++) {
				pool.addLast(SqlConnectImpl.fetchConnection());
			}
		}
	}
	
	//在mills时间内还拿不到数据库连接，返回一个null
	public Connection fetchConn(long mills) throws InterruptedException {
		synchronized (pool) {
            //如果mills小于0，表示需要立马拿到连接，但是当链表空的时候，就一直等待，
//需要等待其他释放连接来唤醒，如果拿到连接后，就把链表中该连接删除，知道释放的时候，再加入
			if (mills<0) {
				while(pool.isEmpty()) {
					pool.wait();
				}
				return pool.removeFirst();
			}else {
//当用户输入的mills大于，表示要在mills时间内拿到连接，如果拿不到，则为null
				long overtime = System.currentTimeMillis()+mills;
				long remain = mills;
				while(pool.isEmpty()&&remain>0) {
//当超时了，还未获取到连接时，则返回null，在未超时的时间内，如果拿到连接（当pool不为空时），
//则返回这个连接
					pool.wait(remain);
					remain = overtime - System.currentTimeMillis();
				}
				Connection result  = null;
				if(!pool.isEmpty()) {
					result = pool.removeFirst();
				}
				return result;
			}
		}
	}
	
	//放回数据库连接
	public void releaseConn(Connection conn) {
//当连接不再使用的时候，应该释放连接，并且提醒其他要获取连接的线程，我要释放连接了，
//你们等待连接再试试获取连接吧
		if(conn!=null) {
			synchronized (pool) {
				pool.addLast(conn);
				pool.notifyAll();
			}
		}
	}
 
}

我们可以通过测试类来简单测试一下我们的数据库连接池

public class DBPoolTest {
    static DBPool pool  = new DBPool(10);
    // 控制器:控制main线程将会等待所有Woker结束后才能继续执行
    static CountDownLatch end;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	// 线程数量
        int threadCount = 50;
        end = new CountDownLatch(threadCount);
        int count = 20;//每个线程的操作次数
        AtomicInteger got = new AtomicInteger();//计数器：统计可以拿到连接的线程
        AtomicInteger notGot = new AtomicInteger();//计数器：统计没有拿到连接的线程
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread(new Worker(count, got, notGot), 
            		"worker_"+i);
            thread.start();
        }
        end.await();// main线程在此处等待
        System.out.println("总共尝试了: " + (threadCount * count));
        System.out.println("拿到连接的次数：  " + got);
        System.out.println("没能连接的次数： " + notGot);
    }

    static class Worker implements Runnable {
        int           count;
        AtomicInteger got;
        AtomicInteger notGot;

        public Worker(int count, AtomicInteger got,
                               AtomicInteger notGot) {
            this.count = count;
            this.got = got;
            this.notGot = notGot;
        }

        public void run() {
            while (count > 0) {
                try {
                    // 从线程池中获取连接，如果1000ms内无法获取到，将会返回null
                    // 分别统计连接获取的数量got和未获取到的数量notGot
                    Connection connection = pool.fetchConn(1000);
                    if (connection != null) {
                        try {
                            connection.createStatement();
                            connection.commit();
                        } finally {
                            pool.releaseConn(connection);
                            got.incrementAndGet();
                        }
                    } else {
                        notGot.incrementAndGet();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
                        		+"等待超时!");
                    }
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                } finally {
                    count--;
                }
            }
            end.countDown();
        }
    }
}

好了，这样我们的连接池就实现完毕了。