纹理

main.cpp

#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "stb_image.h"
#include "shader_s.h"
using namespace std;

void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window);

const int scr_width = 800;
const int scr_height = 600;
float mixvalue=0.0;
int main()
{
	glfwInit();
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

	//create window
	GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(scr_width, scr_height, "mygl", NULL, NULL);
	if (window == NULL)
	{
		cout << "failed to create glfw window" << endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return 0;
	}
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
	glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
	//load all opengl function pointers
	if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
	{
		cout << "failed to load glad" << endl;
		return 0;
	}
	//build and conplie myshader program
	Shader myshader("shader.vs", "shader.fs");
	//set up vertex data
	double vertices[] = {
		// positions          // colors           // texture coords
		 0.5f,  0.5f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,   2.0f, 2.0f, // top right
		 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,   2.0f, 0.0f, // bottom right
		-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,   0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom left
		-0.5f,  0.5f, 0.0f,   1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,   0.0f, 2.0f  // top left 
	};
	int indices[] = {
		0,1,3,
		1,2,3
	};

	unsigned int VA1, VB1, EB1;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VA1);
	glGenBuffers(1, &VB1);
	glGenBuffers(1, &EB1);

	glBindVertexArray(VA1);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VB1);
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EB1);
	glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
	//position attribute 
	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_DOUBLE, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(double), (void*)0);
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
	//color attribute
	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_DOUBLE, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(double), (void*)(3 * sizeof(double)));
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
	//texture coord attribute
	glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_DOUBLE, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(double), (void*)(6 * sizeof(double)));
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);

	unsigned int texture1, texture2;

	//texture1
	glGenTextures(1, &texture1);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture1);
	//set wrapping paramater of texture1;
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
	//set filter parameter of texture1;
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
	//load image
	int width, height, nrchannels;
	stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load(true);
	unsigned char* data = stbi_load("container.jpg", &width, &height, &nrchannels, 0);
	if (data)
	{
		glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
		glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	}
	else {
		cout << "failed to load texture1" << endl;
	}
	stbi_image_free(data);


	//texture2
	glGenTextures(1, &texture2);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture2);
	//set wrapping paramater of texture2;
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
	//set filter parameter of texture2;
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
	//load image
	data = stbi_load("awesomeface.png", &width, &height, &nrchannels, 0);
	if (data)
	{
		glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
		glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	}
	else {
		cout << "failed to load texture2" << endl;
	}
	stbi_image_free(data);

	//tell opengl for each sampler to which texture unit it belongs to(only has to be done once)
	//remeber to activate the shader before setting uniforms
	myshader.use();
	myshader.setInt("texture1", 0);//0与1指的是texture的编号。texture1是第一个generate的所以为0，texture2是第二个generate的所以为1
	myshader.setInt("texture2", 1);

	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
		processInput(window);
		myshader.setFloat("mixvalue", mixvalue);
		//render
		glClearColor(0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1);
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

		//bind textures on corresponding texture units
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture1);
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture2);

		myshader.use();
		glBindVertexArray(VA1);
		glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);

		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
		glfwPollEvents();

	}

	return 0;

}

// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow* window)
{
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
		glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_DOWN) == GLFW_PRESS)
	{
		mixvalue += 0.001;
		if (mixvalue == 1)
			mixvalue = 0;
	}
	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_UP) == GLFW_PRESS)
	{
		mixvalue -= 0.001;
		if (mixvalue == 0)
			mixvalue = 1;
	}
}

// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
	// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
	// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

shader_s.h

#ifndef SHADER_H
#define SHADER_H

#include <glad/glad.h>

#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

class Shader
{
public:
    unsigned int ID;
    // constructor generates the shader on the fly
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Shader(const char* vertexPath, const char* fragmentPath)
    {
        // 1. retrieve the vertex/fragment source code from filePath
        std::string vertexCode;
        std::string fragmentCode;
        std::ifstream vShaderFile;
        std::ifstream fShaderFile;
        // ensure ifstream objects can throw exceptions:
        vShaderFile.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
        fShaderFile.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
        try
        {
            // open files
            vShaderFile.open(vertexPath);
            fShaderFile.open(fragmentPath);
            std::stringstream vShaderStream, fShaderStream;
            // read file's buffer contents into streams
            vShaderStream << vShaderFile.rdbuf();
            fShaderStream << fShaderFile.rdbuf();
            // close file handlers
            vShaderFile.close();
            fShaderFile.close();
            // convert stream into string
            vertexCode = vShaderStream.str();
            fragmentCode = fShaderStream.str();
        }
        catch (std::ifstream::failure& e)
        {
            std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FILE_NOT_SUCCESFULLY_READ" << std::endl;
        }
        const char* vShaderCode = vertexCode.c_str();
        const char* fShaderCode = fragmentCode.c_str();
        // 2. compile shaders
        unsigned int vertex, fragment;
        // vertex shader
        vertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
        glShaderSource(vertex, 1, &vShaderCode, NULL);
        glCompileShader(vertex);
        checkCompileErrors(vertex, "VERTEX");
        // fragment Shader
        fragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
        glShaderSource(fragment, 1, &fShaderCode, NULL);
        glCompileShader(fragment);
        checkCompileErrors(fragment, "FRAGMENT");
        // shader Program
        ID = glCreateProgram();
        glAttachShader(ID, vertex);
        glAttachShader(ID, fragment);
        glLinkProgram(ID);
        checkCompileErrors(ID, "PROGRAM");
        // delete the shaders as they're linked into our program now and no longer necessary
        glDeleteShader(vertex);
        glDeleteShader(fragment);
    }
    // activate the shader
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void use()
    {
        glUseProgram(ID);
    }
    // utility uniform functions
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void setBool(const std::string& name, bool value) const
    {
        glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(ID, name.c_str()), (int)value);
    }
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void setInt(const std::string& name, int value) const
    {
        glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(ID, name.c_str()), value);
    }
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void setFloat(const std::string& name, float value) const
    {
        glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(ID, name.c_str()), value);
    }

private:
    // utility function for checking shader compilation/linking errors.
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    void checkCompileErrors(unsigned int shader, std::string type)
    {
        int success;
        char infoLog[1024];
        if (type != "PROGRAM")
        {
            glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
            if (!success)
            {
                glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, 1024, NULL, infoLog);
                std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER_COMPILATION_ERROR of type: " << type << "\n" << infoLog << "\n -- --------------------------------------------------- -- " << std::endl;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            glGetProgramiv(shader, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
            if (!success)
            {
                glGetProgramInfoLog(shader, 1024, NULL, infoLog);
                std::cout << "ERROR::PROGRAM_LINKING_ERROR of type: " << type << "\n" << infoLog << "\n -- --------------------------------------------------- -- " << std::endl;
            }
        }
    }
};
#endif

shader.fs

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
out vec2 tex;
in vec3 ourColor;
in vec2 TexCoord;

// texture samplers
uniform sampler2D texture1;
uniform sampler2D texture2;
uniform float mixvalue;

void main()
{
	// linearly interpolate between both textures (80% container, 20% awesomeface)

	FragColor = mix(texture(texture1, TexCoord), texture(texture2, TexCoord),mixvalue);

}

shader.vs

#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 aColor;
layout (location = 2) in vec2 aTexCoord;

out vec3 ourColor;
out vec2 TexCoord;

void main()
{
	gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 1.0);
	ourColor = aColor;
	TexCoord = aTexCoord;
}