【OpenCV3编程入门学习笔记】——第2章 启程前的认知准备

第二章 启程前的认知准备

前言

笔记系列

参考书籍：OpenCV3编程入门

作者：毛星云

版权方：电子工业出版社

出版日期：2015-02

笔记仅供本人参考使用，不具备共通性

笔记中代码均是OpenCV+Qt的代码，并非用vs开发，请勿混淆

2.1 OpenCV官方例程引导与赏析

在OpenCV安装目录下，可以找到OpenCV官方提供的示例代码，具体位于

...\opencv\sources\samples\cpp

而在...\opencv\sources\samples\cpp\tutorial_code目录下，还存放着官方教程的配套示例程序。其内容按照OpenCV各组件模块而分类，非常适合学习，初学者可以按需查询，分类学习，各个击破。

2.1.1 彩色目标追踪：Camshift

该程序的用法是根据鼠标框选区域的色度光谱来进行摄像头读入的视频目标的追踪。

其主要采用CamShift算法（“Continuously Adaptive Mean-SHIFT”），它是对MeanShift算法的改进，被称为连续自适应的MeanShift算法。

示例程序在文件夹中的位置：...\opencv\sources\samples\cpp\camshiftdemo.cpp

使用Qt重新编译后如下

文件：main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include "opencv2/core/utility.hpp"
#include "opencv2/video/tracking.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/videoio.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include <QDebug>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <ctype.h>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

Mat image;

bool backprojMode = false;
bool selectObject = false;
int trackObject = 0;
bool showHist = true;
Point origin;
Rect selection;
int vmin = 10, vmax = 256, smin = 30;

// User draws box around object to track. This triggers CAMShift to start tracking
static void onMouse( int event, int x, int y, int, void* )
{
   
    if( selectObject )
    {
   
        selection.x = MIN(x, origin.x);
        selection.y = MIN(y, origin.y);
        selection.width = std::abs(x - origin.x);
        selection.height = std::abs(y - origin.y);

        selection &= Rect(0, 0, image.cols, image.rows);
    }

    switch( event )
    {
   
    case EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        origin = Point(x,y);
        selection = Rect(x,y,0,0);
        selectObject = true;
        break;
    case EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        selectObject = false;
        if( selection.width > 0 && selection.height > 0 )
            trackObject = -1;   // Set up CAMShift properties in main() loop
        break;
    }
}

string hot_keys =
    "\n\nHot keys: \n"
    "\tESC - quit the program\n"
    "\tc - stop the tracking\n"
    "\tb - switch to/from backprojection view\n"
    "\th - show/hide object histogram\n"
    "\tp - pause video\n"
    "To initialize tracking, select the object with mouse\n";

static void help(const char* argv)
{
   
    cout << "\nThis is a demo that shows mean-shift based tracking\n"
            "You select a color objects such as your face and it tracks it.\n"
            "This reads from video camera (0 by default, or the camera number the user enters\n"
            "Usage: \n\t";
    cout << argv[0] << " [camera number]\n";
    cout << hot_keys;
}

const char* keys =
{
   
    "{help h | | show help message}{@camera_number| 0 | camera number}"
};


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    VideoCapture cap;
        Rect trackWindow;
        int hsize = 16;
        float hranges[] = {
   0,180};
        const float* phranges = hranges;
        CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, keys);
        if (parser.has("help"))
        {
   
            help(*argv);
            return 0;
        }
        int camNum = parser.get<int>(0);
        cap.open(camNum);

        if( !cap.isOpened() )
        {
   
            help(*argv);
            cout << "***Could not initialize capturing...***\n";
            cout << "Current parameter's value: \n";
            parser.printMessage();
            return -1;
        }
        cout << hot_keys;
        namedWindow( "Histogram", 0 );
        namedWindow( "CamShift Demo", 0 );
        setMouseCallback( "CamShift Demo", onMouse, 0 );
        createTrackbar( "Vmin", "CamShift Demo", &vmin, 256, 0 );
        createTrackbar( "Vmax", "CamShift Demo", &vmax, 256, 0 );
        createTrackbar( "Smin", "CamShift Demo", &smin, 256, 0 );

        Mat frame, hsv, hue, mask, hist, histimg = Mat::zeros(200, 320, CV_8UC3), backproj;
        bool paused = false;

        for(;;)
        {
   
            if( !paused )
            {
   
                cap >> frame;
                if( frame.empty() )
                    break;
            }

            frame.copyTo(image);

            if( !paused )
            {
   
                cvtColor(image, hsv, COLOR_BGR2HSV);

                if( trackObject )
                {
   
                    int _vmin = vmin, _vmax = vmax;

                    inRange(hsv, Scalar(0, smin, MIN(_vmin,_vmax)),
                            Scalar(180, 256, MAX(_vmin, _vmax)), mask);
                    int ch[] = {
   0, 0};
                    hue.create(hsv.size(), hsv.depth());
                    mixChannels(&hsv, 1, &hue, 1, ch, 1);

                    if( trackObject < 0 )
                    {
   
                        // Object has been selected by user, set up CAMShift search properties once
                        Mat roi(hue, selection), maskroi(mask, selection);
                        calcHist(&roi, 1, 0, maskroi, hist, 1, &hsize, &phranges);
                        normalize(hist, hist<