python桥接模式学习

桥接模式

• 当你希望在多个对象之间共享实现时，使用桥接模式是一个好主意
• 桥接模式与适配器模式有相似之处，都是对不同对象之间的模式
• 适配器模式强调的是如何使不同对象协同工作，属于后期实现，桥接模式能够预先以解耦的方式定义抽象及其实现，属于预期实现。

实现

1. 定义抽象接口，维护一个实现者（需要为帮助获取内容的实现类定义接口）的对象引用
2. 为获取内容的实现类定义接口：python使用元类和抽象基类（ABC）定义等价的接口
3. 实现实现者接口并定义其具体实现
4. 主函数调用：
   • 获取实现类对象
   • 获取抽象接口对象，将实现类对象作为参数传递
   • 调用抽象接口对象的维护方法

代码实现

import abc
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request


class ResourceContent:
    """
    Define the abstraction's interface.
    Maintain a reference to an object which represents the Implementor.
    """

    def __init__(self, imp):
        self._imp = imp

    def show_content(self, path):
        self._imp.fetch(path)


class ResourceContentFetcher(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    """
    Define the interface (Implementor) for implementation classes that help fetch content.
    """
    
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def fetch(path):
        pass
        

class URLFetcher(ResourceContentFetcher):
    """
    Implement the Implementor interface and define its concrete
    implementation.
    """
    
    def fetch(self, path):
        # path is an URL
        req = urllib.request.Request(path)
        with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
            if response.code == 200:
                the_page = response.read()
                print(the_page)
                        
                
class LocalFileFetcher(ResourceContentFetcher):
    """
    Implement the Implementor interface and define its concrete
    implementation.
    """

    def fetch(self, path):
        # path is the filepath to a text file
        with open(path) as f:
            print(f.read())
        
       
def main():
    url_fetcher = URLFetcher()
    iface = ResourceContent(url_fetcher)
    iface.show_content('http://python.org')

    print('===================')
    
    localfs_fetcher = LocalFileFetcher()
    iface = ResourceContent(localfs_fetcher)
    iface.show_content('file.txt')

    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()