数据库DDL数据定义语言

数据库DDL数据定义语言

术语

关键字：对当前程序拥有特定含义的单词
DQL的关键字:select
DDL的关键字:create alter drop

作用：

创建—-create
创建数据库
创建表

修改—-alter
修改数据库字符集
修改表名,修改表列,修改数据类型

删除—-drop
删除数据库
删除表

# ============创建数据库====================
# 练习:创建一个数据库,数据库名字为woniusales
create database woniusales character set utf8;
# ===========使用命令查看数据库=============
show databases;

# =============更改数据库字符集==============
alter database woniusales character set ascii;

# =============删除数据库操作==================
drop database woniusales;

show databases;

# ==================创建表=====================
# 练习:创建一个数据库db_woniusales,在这个数据库下,
create database db_woniusales character set utf8;
show databases;
use db_woniusales;
# 创建一个表,表名为tb_stu,列为sid 数据类型为int,sname 数据类型为varchar,长度为5
create table tb_stu(
	sid int,
	sname varchar(5)
);
show tables;
select * from tb_stu;

# ==================修改表名==================
# 语法: alter table old_name renaem new_name;
# 练习:给表tb_stu改个新名字为tb_student
alter table tb_stu rename tb_student;
show tables;
select * from tb_student;

# ================给表添加列==================
# 练习:给表tb_student添加列age,数据类型为varchar 长度为1,列ssex,数据类型为varchar 长度为1
alter table tb_student add (age varchar(1),ssex varchar(1));
alter table tb_student add age varchar(1),add ssex varchar(1);

show tables;
# ================查看表结构===================
desc tb_student;

# ================修改字段名称和属性===============
# 练习:修改age名字为新名字sage,新的数据类型为int
alter table tb_student change age sage int;
desc tb_student;


# ====================删除列====================
# 练习:删除tb_student表的ssex列
alter table tb_student drop ssex;
desc tb_student;

# =================删除表=================
drop table tb_student;
show tables;