random模块使用

random模块用于生成伪随机数。

import random

# - random.random() 生成0-1之间的浮点数
# - random.randint(start,stop) 生成一个start,stop之间的整数，包含右侧的值
# - random.randrange(start,stop,step) 生成一个start,stop之间一定步长的整数，不包含右侧的值
# - random.choice(sequence) 从一个有序序列中随机选择一个元素
# - random.shuffle(sequence) 随机打乱列表的顺序，原列表发生变化
# - random.sample(sequence,k) 从有序序列或集合中随机抽样k个元素

print(random.random())

print(random.randint(0,10))

print(random.randrange(0,10,2))

astr = 'hello world'
alist = [1,2,3,4,5]
aset = set(alist)
adict = {'name':'dcm','age':12,'height':170}
print(random.choice(astr))
print(random.choice(alist))
# print(random.choice(aset)) # set无序
# print(random.choice(adict)) # dict无序

astr = 'hello world'
alist = [1,2,3,4,5]
aset = set(alist)
adict = {'name':'dcm','age':12,'height':170}
print(alist)
# print(random.shuffle(astr)) # 不支持str
print(random.shuffle(alist)) # random.shuffle()没有返回值
print(alist)
# print(random.shuffle(aset)) # 不支持set
# print(random.shuffle(adict)) # 不支持dict

astr = 'hello world'
alist = [1,2,3,4,5]
aset = set(alist)
adict = {'name':'dcm','age':12,'height':170}

print(random.sample(astr,2))
print(random.sample(alist,2))
print(random.sample(aset,2))
# print(random.sample(adict,2)) # 不支持字典采样

结果：

0.09588800360244876
5
8
o
4
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
None
[5, 1, 4, 3, 2]
['e', 'l']
[3, 2]
[3, 1]

Process finished with exit code 0