ElasticSearch-Mapping字段映射

text ⽤于全⽂索引，搜索时会自动使用分词器进⾏分词再匹配

keyword 不分词，搜索时需要匹配完整的值

样例

GET bank/_mapping

  {
    "bank" : {
      "mappings" : {
        "properties" : {
          "account_number" : {
            "type" : "long" # long类型
          },
          "address" : {
            "type" : "text", # 文本类型，会进行全文检索，进行分词
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : { # addrss.keyword
                "type" : "keyword",  # 该字段必须全部匹配到
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "age" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "balance" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "city" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "email" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "employer" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "firstname" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "gender" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "lastname" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "state" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

创建索引并指定映射

PUT /my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "age": {
        "type": "integer"
      },
      "email": {
        "type": "keyword" # 指定为keyword
      },
      "name": {
        "type": "text" # 全文检索。保存时候分词，检索时候进行分词匹配
      }
    }
  }
}

给索引增加新的字段

PUT /my_index/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
    "employee-id": {
      "type": "keyword",
      "index": false # 字段不能被检索。检索
    }
  }
}

查看索引映射

GET /my_index

{
  "my_index" : {
    "aliases" : { },
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "age" : {
          "type" : "integer"
        },
        "email" : {
          "type" : "keyword"
        },
        "employee-id" : {
          "type" : "keyword",
          "index" : false
        },
        "name" : {
          "type" : "text"
        }
      }
    },
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "creation_date" : "1588410780774",
        "number_of_shards" : "1",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "ua0lXhtkQCOmn7Kh3iUu0w",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "7060299"
        },
        "provided_name" : "my_index"
      }
    }
  }
}

数据迁移

对于索引已经存在的字段映射，不能进行更新操作，只能创建新的索引和字段映射并进行数据迁移。

创建新索引

PUT /newbank
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "account_number": {
        "type": "long"
      },
      "address": {
        "type": "text"
      },
      "age": {
        "type": "integer"
      },
      "balance": {
        "type": "long"
      },
      "city": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "email": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "employer": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "firstname": {
        "type": "text"
      },
      "gender": {
        "type": "keyword"
      },
      "lastname": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      },
      "state": {
        "type": "keyword"
      }
    }
  }
}

数据迁移

POST _reindex
{
  "source": {
    "index": "bank",
    "type": "account" # 老版本索引有type 所以需指定tpye
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "newbank"
  }
}

迁移之后，查询数据，会发现新索引没有type。

GET /newbank/_search

输出
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1000,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "newbank",
        "_type" : "_doc", # 没有了类型
......