Java SE 学习之网络编程

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-28 09:31:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-02-28 09:31:05 发布

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分类专栏： # JAVA SE

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42681787/article/details/97138891

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1.InetAddress类学习

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**InetAddress类
 * 这个类没有构造方法。如果要得到对象，
 * 只能通过静态方法：getLocalHost()、
 * getByName()、 getAllByName()、
 *  getAddress()、getHostName()。
 * @author zhou'en'xian
 *
 */
public class NetLearn {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			InetAddress net=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
			InetAddress net1=InetAddress .getByName("www.baidu.com");
			InetAddress  net2=InetAddress .getByName("61.135.169.121");
			System.out.println("本机ip:"+net.getHostAddress());
			//getHostAddress()方法：返回ip地址
			System.out.println("本机名："+net.getHostName());
			//getHostName()方法：返回计算机名
			System.out.println("本机ip和本机名："+InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress());
			System.out.println("百度ip:"+net1.getHostAddress());
			System.out.println("百度ip:"+net1.getHostName());
			System.out.println(net2.getHostAddress()+"  "+net2.getHostName());
			/*输出ip而不是域名。如果这个IP地址不存在或DNS服务器不允许进行IP地址
	                     和域名的映射，getHostName方法就直接返回这个IP地址。*/
	       
			System.out.println(InetAddress .getByName("61.135.169.121"));
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

}

2.url类学习

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
/**
 * 
 * @author zhou'en'xian
 *
 */
public class UrlLearn {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
		URL ur=new URL("http://www.google.cn:80/webhp#aa?canhu=33");
		System.out.println("与此 URL的协议的默认端口号："+ur.getDefaultPort());
		System.out.println("此 URL的文件名:"+ur.getFile()); // 端口号后面的内容
		System.out.println("此url的主机名："+ur.getHost());// www.google.cn
		System.out.println("此 URL的路径部分:"+ur.getPath());// 端口号后，参数前的内容
		// 如果www.google.cn:80则返回80.否则返回-1
		System.out.println("端口："+ur.getPort());
		System.out.println("协议："+ur.getProtocol());
		System.out.println("参数部分："+ur.getQuery());
		System.out.println("锚点："+ur.getRef());

	}

}

3.Socket类学习

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;


/**
 *  发送端
 * 1.使用DatagramSocket指定端口，创建发送端
 * 2.准备数据（装换成字节数组）
 * 3.封装成DatagramPacket包裹，需要指定目的地
 * 4.发送包裹send(DatagramPacket p)
 * 5.释放资源
 * @author zhou'en'xian
 *
 */
public class SocketSendLearn {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("发送端启动中..");
		DatagramSocket clinet=new DatagramSocket(9998);//指定端口
		byte[] by="第一个网络程序".getBytes();
		DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(by, 0,by.length,
				new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 9999));
		clinet.send(packet);
		clinet.close();
		

	}

}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

/**
 * 接收端
 * 1.使用DatagramSocket指定端口，创建接收端
 * 2.准备容器，封装DatagramPacket包裹
 * 3.接受包裹：receive(DatagramPacket p)
 * 4.分析数据
 * byte[] getData()
 * 5.释放资源
 * @author zhou'en'xian
 *
 */
public class SocketRecieveLearn {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("接收端启动中...");
		DatagramSocket server=new DatagramSocket(9999);
		byte[] contain =new byte[1024*60];
		DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(contain, 0, contain.length);
		server.receive(packet);
		byte[] datas=packet.getData();
		System.out.println(new String(datas));
		server.close();

	}

}

4.UDP编程

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;


public class UDPbasicSend {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("发送端。。。");
		ByteArrayOutputStream byout=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		DataOutputStream data=new DataOutputStream(byout);
		long a=2019L;
		data.writeLong(a);
		byte[] b=byout.toByteArray();
		DatagramPacket pack=new DatagramPacket(b,b.length,
				new InetSocketAddress("localhost",9999));
		DatagramSocket sock=new DatagramSocket(9991);
		sock.send(pack);
		byout.close();
		data.close();
		sock.close();
	}

}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;


public class UDPbasicReceive {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		System.out.println("接收端。。。");
		byte[] by=new byte[1024];
		DatagramPacket pa=new DatagramPacket(by,by.length);
		DatagramSocket so=new DatagramSocket(9999);
		so.receive(pa);
		ByteArrayInputStream b=new ByteArrayInputStream(pa.getData());
		DataInputStream din=new DataInputStream(b);
		System.out.println(din.readLong());
		so.close();
		b.close();
		din.close();
	
		
	}

}

5.TCP编程

/**
 * TCP：单向通信Socket之服务器端
 */
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPserver {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ServerSocket server=null;
		 BufferedWriter writ=null;
		 Socket socke=null;
		try {
			 server=new ServerSocket(9999);
			  socke=server.accept();
			 System.out.println("已有客户端连接！");
		writ=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socke.getOutputStream()));
		writ.write("欢迎访问！");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(writ!=null) {
				try {
					writ.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(socke!=null) {
				try {
					socke.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
		}

	}

}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * TCP：单向通信Socket之客户端
 */
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class TCPcustom {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Socket soc=null;
		BufferedReader rea=null;
		try {
			 soc=new Socket("localhost",9999);
			 rea=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(soc.getInputStream()));
			 System.out.println(rea.readLine());
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(rea!=null) {
				try {
					rea.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(soc!=null) {
				try {
					soc.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
		}

	}

}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * TCP：双向通信Socket之客户端
 */
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * 通过Socket的编程顺序：

   1. 创建服务器ServerSocket，在创建时，定义ServerSocket的监听端口(在这个端口接收客户端发来的消息)。

   2. ServerSocket调用accept()方法，使之处于阻塞状态。

   3. 创建客户端Socket，并设置服务器的IP及端口。

   4. 客户端发出连接请求，建立连接。

   5. 分别取得服务器和客户端Socket的InputStream和OutputStream。

   6. 利用Socket和ServerSocket进行数据传输。

   7. 关闭流及Socket。
 * @author zhou'en'xian
 *
 */

public class TcpBothwayCustom {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		/**Socket类
		 * 该类实现客户端套接字（也称为“套接字”）。 套接字是两台机器之间通讯的端点。
		 * 常用构造方法：1.Socket(InetAddress address, int port)：
		 * 创建流套接字并将其连接到指定IP地址的指定端口号。
		 * 2.Socket(String host, int port) :
		 * 创建流套接字并将其连接到指定主机上的指定端口号
		 */
		Socket so=null;
		BufferedReader bufread=null;
		BufferedWriter bufwrite=null;
		BufferedReader buread=null;
		try {
			so= new Socket("localhost",9999);
			//创建客户端Socket，并设置服务器的IP及端口。
			 //获取scoket的输入输出流接收和发送信息
			bufread=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(so.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
			bufwrite=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(so.getOutputStream()));	
			buread=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			while(true) {
				String str=buread.readLine();
				bufwrite.write(str+"\n");
				bufwrite.flush();
				if(str.equals("bye")) {
					break;
				};
				System.out.println("服务端："+bufread.readLine());
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(bufread!=null) {
				try {
					bufread.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(bufwrite!=null) {
				try {
					bufwrite.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(buread!=null) {
				try {
					buread.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(so!=null) {
				try {
					so.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
		}

	}

}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
 * TCP：双向通信Socket之服务器端
 */
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TcpBothwayServer {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Socket so=null;
		BufferedReader bufread=null;
		BufferedWriter bufwrite=null;
		BufferedReader buread=null;
		try {
			ServerSocket server= new ServerSocket(9999);
			/**ServerSocket类：创建服务器
			 * 常用构造方法：1.ServerSocket(int port):创建绑定到指定端口的服务器套接字。
			 */
			
			so=server.accept();// ServerSocket调用accept()方法，
			//侦听要连接到此套接字并接受它。,使之处于阻塞状态(等待客户端的连接)。
			bufread=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(so.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
			//Socket中的getInputStream() ：返回此套接字的输入流;返回类型：InputStream
			//Socket中的getOutputStream()：返回此套接字的输出流；返回类型：OutputStream
			bufwrite=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(so.getOutputStream()));
			buread=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			while(true) {
				String str=bufread.readLine();
				System.out.println("客户端："+str);
				String str2;
				if(str.equals("bye")) {
					break;
				};
				str2=buread.readLine();
				bufwrite.write(str2+"\n");
				bufwrite.flush();
				
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(bufread!=null) {
				try {
					bufread.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(bufwrite!=null) {
				try {
					bufwrite.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(buread!=null) {
				try {
					buread.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
			if(so!=null) {//Tcp编程一定要先关闭IO流在关闭Socket对象
				try {
					so.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			};
		}

	}

}

6.简单的聊天室

1.客户端
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Custom {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
		Socket socket=new Socket("localhost",9999);
		new Thread( new Send(socket)).start();
		new Thread( new Receive(socket)).start();

	}

}
class Send implements Runnable{
	private Socket socket;
	private boolean control=true;
	BufferedReader in=null;
	DataOutputStream out=null;
	public void run() {
		while(control){
			send();};
	}
	public Send() {
		super();
	}
	
	public Send(Socket socket) {
		super();
		this.socket = socket;
	}
	public void send() {
	        in=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		try {
			out=new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
			String s=in.readLine();
			out.writeUTF(s);
			out.flush();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			control=false;
			Close.close(in,out,socket);;
			e.printStackTrace();
			
		}
		
	};
};
class Receive implements Runnable{
	 private boolean control=true;
	 private Socket socket;
	 DataInputStream in=null;
	public Receive() {
		super();
		}

	public Receive(Socket socket) {
		super();
		this.socket = socket;
	}

	public void run() {
		while(control) {
			receive();
		};
		}

	private void receive() {
		try {
			in=new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
			 String s=in.readUTF();
			 System.out.println(s);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			control=false;
			Close.close(in,socket);
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	};
};
class Close {
	public static void close(Closeable...io) {
		for(Closeable i:io) {
			try {
				if(i!=null) {
					i.close();}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		};
		
	};
};


2.服务器端
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		ServerSocket server=new ServerSocket(9999);
		while(true) {
		Socket socket=server.accept();
		DataInputStream input=new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
		DataOutputStream out=new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
		while(true) {
			String s=input.readUTF();
			System.out.println(s);
			out.writeUTF(s);
			out.flush();;
		}
		}
	}

}