使用C#构建一个网卡配置工具（Visual Studio 2022)

1 前言

近日由于一些业务需求，需要使用一个在Windows平台使用的IP地址配置管理工具，该文记录了一些开发过程中碰到的问题及解决方案，并附带相关的C#逻辑处理代码。该项目使用WPF框架编写。

2 开发环境

操作系统：Windows 10
开发工具：Visual Studio 2022
目标使用环境：Windows 10/Windows 7
开发要求：开箱即用

3 代码逻辑

3.1 获取网卡信息

private static List<NetworkInterface> GetNetworkInfo()
{
    List<NetworkInterface> result = new List<NetworkInterface>();
    foreach(NetworkInterface adapter in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
    {
        result.Add(adapter);
    }
    return  result;
}

使用这个函数可以获取到一个由NetworkInterface组成的列表，NetworkInterface类返回包括网卡的Name、Id、Description等。上诉的三个成员在接下来的功能中将会被用到。

3.2 设置显示网卡信息（IP、DNS、DHCP、子网掩码、MAC地址）

private void SetAdapterInfo(NetworkInterface adapter)
{
    IPInterfaceProperties ip = adapter.GetIPProperties();
    UnicastIPAddressInformationCollection ipCollection = ip.UnicastAddresses;
    foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation item in ipCollection)
    {
    	//IPv4过滤
        if (item.Address.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
        {
        	//IpAddress、subnetMask是TextBox类，UI展示；
            IpAddress.Text = item.Address.ToString();
            subnetMask.Text = item.IPv4Mask.ToString();
        }
    }
    //DNS
    if (ip.DnsAddresses.Count > 0)
    {
    	//DNS与DNS2同样是TextBox类，UI展示；
        DNS.Text = ip.DnsAddresses[0].ToString();
        if (ip.DnsAddresses.Count > 1)
        {
            DNS2.Text = ip.DnsAddresses[1].ToString();
        }
        else
        {
            DNS2.Text = "备用DNS不存在！";
        }
    }
    else
    {
        DNS.Text = "DNS不存在！";
        DNS2.Text = "备用DNS不存在！";
    }
    //GateWay是TextBox类，UI展示；GetGateWay是自定义函数，见下；
    Gateway.Text = GetGateWay(ip);
    //DHCP
    if (ip.DhcpServerAddresses.Count > 0)
    {
    	//DHCPServer是TextBox类，UI展示;
        DHCPServer.Text = ip.DhcpServerAddresses.FirstOrDefault().ToString();
    }
    else
    {
        DHCPServer.Text = "DHCP服务不存在！";
    }
    //MAC
    PhysicalAddress pa = adapter.GetPhysicalAddress();
    byte[] bytes = pa.GetAddressBytes();
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    //十六禁止转换
    for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
    {
        sb.Append(bytes[i].ToString("X2"));
        if (i != bytes.Length - 1)
        {
            sb.Append('-');
        }
    }
    //MAC是TextBox类，UI展示;
    MAC.Text = sb.ToString();
    //IsAutoSelector是ComBox类，UI展示；
    IsAutoSelector.SelectedIndex = 0;
}

上面的函数中使用了一些TextBox类与ComBox类实例，与UI展示相关。其中IsAutoSelector是设置是否自动配置的ComBox，0是我默认设置的，这个ComBox的ComBoxItem的第一个显示是自动设置；

//获取网关
private string GetGateWay(IPInterfaceProperties ip)
{
    string gateWay = "网关信息不存在！";
    GatewayIPAddressInformationCollection gateways = ip.GatewayAddresses;
    foreach(GatewayIPAddressInformation gateway in gateways)
    {
        if (IsPingIP(gateway.Address.ToString()))
        {
            gateWay = gateway.Address.ToString();
            break;
        }
    }
    return gateWay;
}
//Ping网关
private static bool IsPingIP(string ip)
{
    try
    {
        Ping ping = new Ping();
        PingReply reply = ping.Send(ip, 1000);
        if(reply != null) { return true; }else { return false; }
    }catch
    {
        return false;
    }
}

3.3 开启DHCP服务（自动获取IP、网关、DNS）

private static void EnableDHCP(NetworkInterface adapter)
{
    ManagementClass wmi = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
    ManagementObjectCollection moc = wmi.GetInstances();
    foreach (ManagementObject m in moc)
    {
        if (!(bool)m["IPEnabled"])
            continue;
        if(m["SettingID"].ToString() == adapter.Id)
        {
            m.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", null);
            m.InvokeMethod("EnableDHCP", null);
            MessageBox.Show("已设置自动获取！");
        }
    }
}

3.4 开启/关闭网卡

private static ManagementObject GetNetwork(NetworkInterface adapter)
{
    string netState = "SELECT * From Win32_NetworkAdapter"; //注意这里是Win32_NetworkAdapter，不是Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
    ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(netState);
    ManagementObjectCollection moc = searcher.Get();
    /*MessageBox.Show(adapter.Description);*/
    foreach (ManagementObject m in moc)
    {
        /*MessageBox.Show(m["Name"].ToString());*/
        if(m["Name"].ToString() == adapter.Description) //注意这里的Name是与adapter的Description相对应的。
        {
            return m;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

private static bool EnableAdapter(ManagementObject m)
{
    try
    {
        m.InvokeMethod("Enable", null);
        return true;
    }
    catch
    {
        return false;
    }
}

private static bool DisableAdapter(ManagementObject m)
{
    try
    {
        m.InvokeMethod("Disable", null);
        return true;
    }
    catch
    {
        return false;
    }
}

3.5 设置IP、DNS、子网掩码

private static bool SetIPAddress(NetworkInterface adapter, string[] ip, string[] submask, string[] gateway, string[] dns)
{
    ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); //注意这里是Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
    ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
    string str = "";
    foreach(ManagementObject m in moc)
    {
        /*if (!(bool)m["IPEnabled"])
            continue;*/
        if (m["SettingID"].ToString() == adapter.Id)
        {
        	//IP与子网掩码
            if (ip != null && submask != null)
            {
                ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                string caption = m["Caption"].ToString();
                //注意这里是EnableStatic
                inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("EnableStatic"); 
                //注意ip数组中不能有null；
                inPar["IPAddress"] = ip;
                //注意submask数组中不能有null；
                inPar["SubnetMask"] = submask;
                outPar = m.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", inPar, null);
                str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                //0或1说明设置成功；
                //返回值说明网址： https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa393301(v=vs.85).aspx
                if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            //网关
            if (gateway != null)
            {
                ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                string caption = m["Caption"].ToString();
                //注意这里是SetGateways；
                inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("SetGateways");
                //注意gateway数组中不能有null；
                inPar["DefaultIPGateway"] = gateway;
                outPar = m.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", inPar, null);
                str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            //DNS
            if(dns != null)
            {
                ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                //注意这里是SetDNSServerSearchOrder；
                inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("SetDNSServerSearchOrder");
                //注意dns数组中不能有null；
                inPar["DNSServerSearchOrder"] = dns;
                outPar = m.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", inPar, null);
                str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false ;
}

3.6 完整代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Management;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;

namespace nextseq_utils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        private readonly List<NetworkInterface> adapters;

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            adapters = GetNetworkInfo();
            foreach(NetworkInterface adapter in adapters)
            {
                string Name = adapter.Name;
                ComboBoxItem cbi = new ComboBoxItem();
                cbi.Content = Name;
                AdapterSelector.Items.Add(cbi);
            }
        }

        private static List<NetworkInterface> GetNetworkInfo()
        {
            List<NetworkInterface> result = new List<NetworkInterface>();
            foreach(NetworkInterface adapter in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
            {
                result.Add(adapter);
            }
            return  result;
        }

        private NetworkInterface GetAdapterByName(string name)
        {
            NetworkInterface adapter = null;
            foreach(NetworkInterface adapter2 in adapters)
            {
                if(adapter2.Name == name)
                {
                    adapter = adapter2;
                    break;
                }
            }
            return adapter;
        }

        private string GetGateWay(IPInterfaceProperties ip)
        {
            string gateWay = "网关信息不存在！";
            GatewayIPAddressInformationCollection gateways = ip.GatewayAddresses;
            foreach(GatewayIPAddressInformation gateway in gateways)
            {
                if (IsPingIP(gateway.Address.ToString()))
                {
                    gateWay = gateway.Address.ToString();
                    break;
                }
            }
            return gateWay;
        }

        private static bool IsPingIP(string ip)
        {
            try
            {
                Ping ping = new Ping();
                PingReply reply = ping.Send(ip, 1000);
                if(reply != null) { return true; }else { return false; }
            }catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        private void SetAdapterInfo(NetworkInterface adapter)
        {
            IPInterfaceProperties ip = adapter.GetIPProperties();
            UnicastIPAddressInformationCollection ipCollection = ip.UnicastAddresses;
            foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation item in ipCollection)
            {
                if (item.Address.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
                {
                    IpAddress.Text = item.Address.ToString();
                    subnetMask.Text = item.IPv4Mask.ToString();
                }
            }
            if (ip.DnsAddresses.Count > 0)
            {
                DNS.Text = ip.DnsAddresses[0].ToString();
                if (ip.DnsAddresses.Count > 1)
                {
                    DNS2.Text = ip.DnsAddresses[1].ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    DNS2.Text = "备用DNS不存在！";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                DNS.Text = "DNS不存在！";
                DNS2.Text = "备用DNS不存在！";
            }
            Gateway.Text = GetGateWay(ip);
            if (ip.DhcpServerAddresses.Count > 0)
            {
                DHCPServer.Text = ip.DhcpServerAddresses.FirstOrDefault().ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                DHCPServer.Text = "DHCP服务不存在！";
            }
            PhysicalAddress pa = adapter.GetPhysicalAddress();
            byte[] bytes = pa.GetAddressBytes();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(bytes[i].ToString("X2"));
                if (i != bytes.Length - 1)
                {
                    sb.Append('-');
                }
            }
            MAC.Text = sb.ToString();
            IsAutoSelector.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }

        private void ComboBox_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            string content = AdapterSelector.SelectedValue.ToString();
            content = content.Replace("System.Windows.Controls.ComboBoxItem: ","");
            NetworkInterface adapter = GetAdapterByName(content);
            if(adapter != null)
            {
                SetAdapterInfo(adapter);
            }
        }

        private static void EnableDHCP(NetworkInterface adapter)
        {
            ManagementClass wmi = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = wmi.GetInstances();
            foreach (ManagementObject m in moc)
            {
                if (!(bool)m["IPEnabled"])
                    continue;
                if(m["SettingID"].ToString() == adapter.Id)
                {
                    m.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", null);
                    m.InvokeMethod("EnableDHCP", null);
                    MessageBox.Show("已设置自动获取！");
                }
            }
        }

        private void ComboBox_SelectionChanged_1(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            string content = IsAutoSelector.SelectedValue.ToString();
            content = content.Replace("System.Windows.Controls.ComboBoxItem: ", "");
            if(content == "自动")
            {
                IpAddress.IsEnabled = false;
                subnetMask.IsEnabled = false;
                Gateway.IsEnabled = false;
                DNS.IsEnabled = false;
                DNS2.IsEnabled = false;
                DHCPServer.IsEnabled = false;
                SettingIP.IsEnabled = false;
                if (IsAutoSelector.Text == "手动")
                {
                    string name = AdapterSelector.SelectedValue.ToString();
                    name = name.Replace("System.Windows.Controls.ComboBoxItem: ", "");
                    NetworkInterface adapter = GetAdapterByName(name);
                    if (adapter != null)
                    {
                        EnableDHCP(adapter);
                        SetAdapterInfo(adapter);
                    }
                }
            }
            else if(content == "手动")
            {
                IpAddress.IsEnabled = true;
                subnetMask.IsEnabled = true;
                Gateway.IsEnabled = true;
                DNS.IsEnabled = true;
                DNS2.IsEnabled = true;
                DHCPServer.IsEnabled = true;
                SettingIP.IsEnabled = true;
            }
        }
    
        private static ManagementObject GetNetwork(NetworkInterface adapter)
        {
            string netState = "SELECT * From Win32_NetworkAdapter";
            ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(netState);
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = searcher.Get();
            /*MessageBox.Show(adapter.Description);*/
            foreach (ManagementObject m in moc)
            {
                /*MessageBox.Show(m["Name"].ToString());*/
                if(m["Name"].ToString() == adapter.Description)
                {
                    return m;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static bool EnableAdapter(ManagementObject m)
        {
            try
            {
                m.InvokeMethod("Enable", null);
                return true;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        private static bool DisableAdapter(ManagementObject m)
        {
            try
            {
                m.InvokeMethod("Disable", null);
                return true;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if(AdapterSelector.Text == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请选择网卡后操作！");
            }
            else
            {
                NetworkInterface adapter = GetAdapterByName(AdapterSelector.Text);
                if(adapter != null)
                {
                    if (EnableAdapter(GetNetwork(adapter)))
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("开启网卡成功!");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("开启网卡失败!");
                    };
                }
            }
        }

        private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (AdapterSelector.Text == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请选择网卡后操作！");
            }
            else
            {
                NetworkInterface adapter = GetAdapterByName(AdapterSelector.Text);
                if (adapter != null)
                {
                    if (DisableAdapter(GetNetwork(adapter)))
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("关闭网卡成功!");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("关闭网卡失败!");
                    };
                }
            }
        }

        private static bool SetIPAddress(NetworkInterface adapter, string[] ip, string[] submask, string[] gateway, string[] dns)
        {
            ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
            string str = "";
            foreach(ManagementObject m in moc)
            {
                /*if (!(bool)m["IPEnabled"])
                    continue;*/
                if (m["SettingID"].ToString() == adapter.Id)
                {
                    if (ip != null && submask != null)
                    {
                        ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                        ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                        string caption = m["Caption"].ToString();
                        inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("EnableStatic");
                        inPar["IPAddress"] = ip;
                        inPar["SubnetMask"] = submask;
                        outPar = m.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", inPar, null);
                        str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                        if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                        {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                    if (gateway != null)
                    {
                        ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                        ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                        string caption = m["Caption"].ToString();
                        inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("SetGateways");
                        inPar["DefaultIPGateway"] = gateway;
                        outPar = m.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", inPar, null);
                        str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                        if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                        {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                    if(dns != null)
                    {
                        ManagementBaseObject inPar;
                        ManagementBaseObject outPar;
                        inPar = m.GetMethodParameters("SetDNSServerSearchOrder");
                        inPar["DNSServerSearchOrder"] = dns;
                        outPar = m.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", inPar, null);
                        str = outPar["returnvalue"].ToString();
                        if (str != "0" && str != "1")
                        {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false ;
        }

        private void Button_Click_2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            NetworkInterface adapter = GetAdapterByName(AdapterSelector.Text);
            if (adapter != null)
            {
                string[] ip = { IpAddress.Text };
                string[] submask = { subnetMask.Text };
                string[] gateway;
                if(Gateway.Text != "网关信息不存在！" && Gateway.Text != "")
                {
                    gateway = new string[1];
                    gateway[0] = Gateway.Text;
                }
                else
                {
                    gateway = null;
                }
                string[] dns; 
                if(DNS.Text != "DNS不存在！" && DNS.Text != "")
                {
                    
                    if(DNS2.Text != "备用DNS不存在！" && DNS2.Text != "")
                    {
                        dns = new string[2];
                        dns[0] = DNS.Text;
                        dns[1] = DNS2.Text;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        dns = new string[1];
                        dns[0] = DNS.Text;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    dns = null;
                }

                if(SetIPAddress(adapter, ip, submask, gateway, dns))
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("设置成功！");
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("设置失败！");
                };
            }
        }
    }
}

3.7 UI代码（xaml）

<Window x:Class="nextseq_utils.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:nextseq_utils"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="625" Width="500">
    <Grid>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition/>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ComboBox x:Name="AdapterSelector" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,43,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14" SelectionChanged="ComboBox_SelectionChanged"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="网卡" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,43,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="获取IP方式" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,93,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <ComboBox x:Name="IsAutoSelector" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,93,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14" SelectionChanged="ComboBox_SelectionChanged_1">
            <ComboBoxItem Content="自动"/>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="手动"/>
        </ComboBox>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="IP地址" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,143,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="IpAddress" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,143,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="子网掩码" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,193,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="subnetMask" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,193,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="网关" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,243,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="Gateway" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,243,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="主DNS" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,294,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="DNS" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,294,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="备用DNS" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,343,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="DNS2" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,343,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="DHCP服务器" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,393,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="DHCPServer" IsEnabled="False"  VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,393,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Label HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Content="物理地址" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="119" Margin="52,443,0,0" FontSize="14"/>
        <TextBox x:Name="MAC" IsEnabled="False" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="192,443,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="239" FontSize="14"/>
        <Button x:Name="SettingIP" Content="设置IP" IsEnabled="False"  HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="80,502,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100" FontSize="14" Click="Button_Click_2"/>
        <Button Content="启用连接" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="206,502,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100" FontSize="14" Click="Button_Click" />
        <Button Content="禁用连接" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="330,502,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100" FontSize="14" Click="Button_Click_1" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

4 开发遇到的问题

4.1 运行环境问题

这个工具主要是提供给illumina的测序仪使用的，公司部分测序仪型号比较老，操作系统是windows 7，并且在运行稳定的情况下基本上是不允许升级操作系统或者.Net framework框架的，因此该程序的运行环境必须要降级到.Net 4.0。
注：代码可以与.Net 4.0与.Net 6.0完全兼容，不需要任何改动即可编译运行！兼容性这一块不得不夸赞微软一波！
解决方案：
①安装Visual Studio 生成工具 2019，并勾选.Net 桌面生成工具，安装相关的SDK。

②在Visual Studio 2022中进行配置。 默认勾选的WPF开发环境目前是.Net 6.0，我们需要对其进行降级。
资源管理器→点击项目→右击→属性

选择完毕后Visual Studio 2022会自动进行相关的配置。该过程不会提示，如果后续发布或者运行过程中仍然是.Net 6.0 可以尝试清理项目后重启Visual Studio重新进行设置。如果没有执行操作①可能会提示没有安装相关的运行环境。

4.2 命名空间“Management”在“System”中不存在

这个问题在不同的运行环境中有不同的解决方案。并且解决方案是完全不同的。
① .Net 6.0
在该版本的运行环境中，System.Management是作为第三方库存在的。在资源管理器中右击依赖项，点击管理NuGet程序包程序包，搜索System.Management，安装对应的版本的System.Management即可。

② .Net 4.0
在该版本中，System.Management是作为一个内置的可引用程序集存在。在资源管理器中右击依赖性，点击添加新的引用项，在程序集中下拉，勾选System.Management后点击确定即可。

4.3 以管理员权限运行

该程序需要以管理员权限运行，以下方法亲测有效。
在资源管理中右击Properties→添加→新建项→应用程序清单文件，添加文件，修改app.manifest如下图。

4.4 其他

该部分见代码部分的注释信息。