构造注解树

def getNumLeafs(myTree):
    numLeafs = 0
    firstStr = list(myTree.keys())[0]# firstStr =  'no surfacing’   
    secondDict = myTree[firstStr]#secondDict =  myTree[firstStr]  =   {0: 'no', 1:{'flippers':{0: 'no', 1: 'yes'}

    for key in secondDict.keys():#在除去第一个节点的树的键中遍历
        if type(secondDict[key])== dict:#判断secondDict[key]是否是字典
            numLeafs += getNumLeafs(secondDict[key])#是，就证明树这一支还没有结束
        else:
            numLeafs += 1#如果不是，叶节点加1
    return numLeafs

def getTreeDepth(myTree):
    maxDepth = 0
    firstStr = list(myTree.keys())[0]
    secondDict = myTree[firstStr]
    for key in secondDict.keys():]#secondDict =  myTree[firstStr]  =   {0: 'no', 1:{'flippers':{0: 'no', 1: 'yes'}
        if type(secondDict[key])== dict:
            thisDepth = 1 + getTreeDepth(secondDict[key])#thisDepth没有赋值，所以不能用+=，根 所以起始为1
        else: thisDepth = 1
        if thisDepth > maxDepth: maxDepth = thisDepth
    return maxDepth

keys（）用来遍历字典中的所有键
例如： for name in favorite_languages.keys(): print(name.title())
以树{‘no surfacing’: {0: ‘no’, 1:{‘flippers’:{0: ‘no’, 1: ‘yes’}}}}为 list[‘no surfacing’]
list(myTree.keys())[0] 应该是 ‘no surfacing’ firstStr = ‘no surfacing’
secondDict = myTree[firstStr] = {0: ‘no’, 1:{‘flippers’:{0: ‘no’, 1: ‘yes’}
list() 创建一个list列表

>>> import treePlotter
>>> from imp import reload
>>> reload(treePlotter)
<module 'treePlotter' from 'E:\\Python\\treePlotter.py'>
>>> myTree = treePlotter.retrieveTree(0)
>>> treePlotter.getNumLeafs(myTree)
3
>>> treePlotter.getTreeDepth(myTree)
2

#在父子节点间填充文本信息
def plotMidText(cntrPt, parentPt, txtString):
    xMid = (parentPt[0] - cntrPt[0])/2.0 + cntrPt[0]
    yMid = (parentPt[1] - cntrPt[1])/2.0 + cntrPt[1]
    createPlot.ax1.text(xMid, yMid, txtString)

def plotTree(myTree,parentPt,nodeTxt):
    numLeafs = getNumLeafs(myTree)#当前树的叶子数
    depth = getTreeDepth(myTree)#没有用到这个变量
    firstStr = list(myTree.keys())[0]
    #cntrPt文本中心点   parentPt 指向文本中心的点 
    cntrPt = (plotTree.xoff + (1.0 + float(numLeafs))/2.0/plotTree.totalW,plotTree.yoff)
    plotMidText(cntrPt, parentPt, nodeTxt)#画分支上的键
    plotNode(firstStr, cntrPt, parentPt, decisionNode)
    secondDict = myTree[firstStr]
    plotTree.yoff = plotTree.yoff - 1.0/plotTree.totalD
    for key in secondDict.keys():
        if type(secondDict[key])== dict:
            plotTree(secondDict[key],cntrPt,str(key))
        else:
            plotTree.xoff = plotTree.xoff + 1.0/plotTree.totalW
            plotNode(secondDict[key],(plotTree.xoff,plotTree.yoff), cntrPt, leafNode)
            plotMidText((plotTree.xoff,plotTree.yoff), cntrPt, str(key))
    plotTree.yoff = plotTree.yoff + 1.0/plotTree.totalD

对之前的createPlot（）函数做了改动

def createPlot(inTree):
    #创建一个新图形
    fig = plt.figure(1, facecolor='white')
    #清空绘图区
    fig.clf()
    axprops = dict(xticks=[], yticks=[])#定义横纵坐标轴
    #给全局变量createPlot.ax1赋值，绘制图像，无边框，无坐标轴
    createPlot.ax1 = plt.subplot(111, frameon=False, **axprops)
    plotTree.totalW = float(getNumLeafs(inTree))#全局变量宽度=叶子数
    plotTree.totalD = float(getTreeDepth(inTree))#全局变量高度=深度
    #但这样会使整个图形偏右因此初始的，将x值向左移一点。
    plotTree.xoff = -0.5/plotTree.totalW;#图形的大小是0-1,0-1，例如绘制3个叶子结点，坐标应为1/3,2/3,3/3
    plotTree.yoff = 1.0;
    plotTree(inTree, (0.5,0.1), '')
    plt.show() #显示最终绘制结果

不知道为啥最后会成了这样子，多了一条线，没找到问题在哪

>>> import treePlotter
>>> from imp import reload
>>> reload(treePlotter)
<module 'treePlotter' from 'E:\\Python\\treePlotter.py'>
>>> myTree = treePlotter.retrieveTree(0)
>>> treePlotter.createPlot(myTree)
>>> treePlotter.createPlot(myTree)
>>> myTree['no surfacing'][3]='maybe'
>>> myTree
{'no surfacing': {0: 'no', 1: {'flippers': {0: 'no', 1: 'yes'}}, 3: 'maybe'}}
>>> treePlotter.createPlot(myTree)