【深入理解C++】调用父类的拷贝赋值运算符

1.调用父类的拷贝赋值运算符

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Person
{
	int m_age;
public:
	Person(int age) : m_age(age)
	{
		cout << "调用了Person的构造函数" << endl;
	}

	Person& operator=(const Person& person)
	{
		m_age = person.m_age;
		cout << "调用了Person的拷贝赋值运算符" << endl;
		return *this;
	}
};

class Student : public Person
{
	int m_score;
public:
	Student(int age, int score) : m_score(score), Person(age)
	{
		cout << "调用了Student的构造函数" << endl;
	}

	Student& operator=(const Student& student)
	{
		Person::operator=(student);
		m_score = student.m_score;
		cout << "调用了Student的拷贝赋值运算符" << endl;
		return *this;
	}
};

int main()
{
	Student stu1(18, 90);
	Student stu2(20, 100);
	stu2 = stu1;

	return 0;
}

输出结果如下：

2.用子类对象给父类对象赋值

用派生类对象给基类对象赋值时，只有该派生类对象的基类部分会被用于赋值，派生类部分将会被忽略掉。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Person
{
	int m_age;
public:
	Person(int age) : m_age(age)
	{
		cout << "调用了Person的构造函数" << endl;
	}

	Person& operator=(const Person& person)
	{
		m_age = person.m_age;
		cout << "调用了Person的拷贝赋值运算符" << endl;
		return *this;
	}
};

class Student : public Person
{
	int m_score;
public:
	Student(int age, int score) : m_score(score), Person(age)
	{
		cout << "调用了Student的构造函数" << endl;
	}

	Student& operator=(const Student& student)
	{
		Person::operator=(student);
		m_score = student.m_score;
		cout << "调用了Student的拷贝赋值运算符" << endl;
		return *this;
	}
};

int main()
{
	Person person(18);
	Student stu(20, 100);
	person = stu; // 此处会调用Person的拷贝赋值运算符。但是Person作为基类，它只能处理基类自己的成员，无法处理派生类中的成员。

	return 0;
}