常用语句:
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SELECT - 从数据库中提取数据
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UPDATE - 更新数据库中的数据
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DELETE - 从数据库中删除数据
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INSERT INTO - 向数据库中插入新数据
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CREATE DATABASE - 创建新数据库
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ALTER DATABASE - 修改数据库
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CREATE TABLE - 创建新表
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ALTER TABLE - 变更(改变)数据库表
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DROP TABLE - 删除表
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CREATE INDEX - 创建索引(搜索键)
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DROP INDEX - 删除索引
SQL SELECT 语法
SELECT column_name,column_nameFROM table_name; 与 SELECT * FROM table_name;
SQL SELECT DISTINCT 语法
DISTINCT 关键词用于返回唯一不同的值。
SELECT DISTINCT column_name,column_name FROM table_name;
SELECT DISTINCT country FROM Websites;
SQL WHERE 语法
SELECT column_name,column_name FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value;
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE country='CN';
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE id=1;
SQL AND & OR 运算符
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE country='CN' AND alexa > 50;
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE country='USA' OR country='CN';
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE alexa > 15 AND (country='CN' OR country='USA');
SQL ORDER BY 语法
ORDER BY 关键字用于对结果集按照一个列或者多个列进行排序。
ORDER BY 关键字默认按照升序对记录进行排序。如果需要按照降序对记录进行排序,您可以使用 DESC 关键字。
SELECT column_name,column_name FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name,column_name ASC|DESC;
SELECT * FROM Websites ORDER BY alexa DESC;
SELECT * FROM Websites ORDER BY alexa;
SELECT * FROM Websites ORDER BY country,alexa;
SQL INSERT INTO 语句
INSERT INTO 语句用于向表中插入新记录。
第一种形式无需指定要插入数据的列名,只需提供被插入的值即可:
INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1,value2,value3,...);
第二种形式需要指定列名及被插入的值:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1,column2,column3,...) VALUES (value1,value2,value3,...);
INSERT INTO Websites (name, url, alexa, country) VALUES ('百度','https://www.baidu.com/','4','CN');