【网络-实验】rip最大有效跳数15

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-30 13:59:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-08-30 13:59:23 发布

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相信给位网工大拿学习RIP时都看到过这样一句话：

RIP 使用跳数（Hop Count）来衡量到达目的网络的距离。在RIP中，路由器到与它直接相连网络的跳数为0，每经过一个路由器后跳数加1，
其余依此类推。为限制收敛时间，RIP规定metric取值0~15之间的整数，大于或等于16的跳数被定义为无穷大，即目的网络或主机不可达。

换成人话说：跳数不能超过16。
今天做个实验验证下，网络拓扑图如下：连线的顺序为0口连接上一台设备，1口连接下一台设备。
rip版本为2
PS:注意哦，是17台路由器串联而不是16台路由器串联。
16台串联才15跳
17台串联才能达到16跳

配置步骤

PC机配置
在这里插入图片描述 AR1

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R1
[R1]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.254 24 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R1]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.1 24 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R1]rip 1 
[R1-rip-1]version 2 
[R1-rip-1]network  192.168.1.0 
[R1-rip-1]network  12.0.0.0

AR2

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R2
[R2]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 24 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R2]rip 1 
[R2-rip-1]version 2 
[R2-rip-1]network  12.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]network  23.0.0.0

AR3

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R3
[R3]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.1.1.1 24 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R3]rip 1 
[R3-rip-1]version 2 
[R3-rip-1]network  23.0.0.0
[R3-rip-1]network  34.0.0.0

AR4

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R4
[R4]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 24 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R4]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.1 24 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R4]rip 1 
[R4-rip-1]version 2 
[R4-rip-1]network  34.0.0.0
[R4-rip-1]network  45.0.0.0

AR5

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R5
[R5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.2 24 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 56.1.1.1 24 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R5]rip 1 
[R5-rip-1]version 2 
[R5-rip-1]network  45.0.0.0
[R5-rip-1]network  56.0.0.0

AR6

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R6
[R6]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 56.1.1.2 24 
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R6]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 67.1.1.1 24 
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R6]rip 1 
[R6-rip-1]version 2 
[R6-rip-1]network  56.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network  67.0.0.0

AR7

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R7
[R7]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 67.1.1.2 24 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R7]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 78.1.1.1 24 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R7]rip 1 
[R7-rip-1]version 2 
[R7-rip-1]network  67.0.0.0
[R7-rip-1]network  78.0.0.0

AR8

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R8
[R8]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 78.1.1.2 24 
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R8]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 89.1.1.1 24 
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R8]rip 1 
[R8-rip-1]version 2 
[R8-rip-1]network  78.0.0.0
[R8-rip-1]network  89.0.0.0

AR9

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R9
[R9]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 89.1.1.2 24 
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R9]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 90.1.1.1 24 
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R9]rip 1 
[R9-rip-1]version 2 
[R9-rip-1]network  89.0.0.0
[R9-rip-1]network  90.0.0.0

AR10

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R10
[R10]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 90.1.1.2 24 
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R10]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 111.1.1.1 24 
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R10]rip 1 
[R10-rip-1]version 2 
[R10-rip-1]network  90.0.0.0
[R10-rip-1]network  111.0.0.0

AR11

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R11
[R11]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 111.1.1.2 24 
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R11]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 112.1.1.1 24 
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R11]rip 1 
[R11-rip-1]version 2 
[R11-rip-1]network  111.0.0.0
[R11-rip-1]network  112.0.0.0

AR12

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R12
[R12]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 112.1.1.2 24 
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R12]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 113.1.1.1 24 
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R12]rip 1 
[R12-rip-1]version 2 
[R12-rip-1]network  112.0.0.0
[R12-rip-1]network  113.0.0.0

AR13

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R13
[R13]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R13-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 113.1.1.2 24 
[R13-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R13]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R13-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 114.1.1.1 24 
[R13-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R13]rip 1 
[R13-rip-1]version 2 
[R13-rip-1]network  113.0.0.0
[R13-rip-1]network  114.0.0.0

AR14

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R14
[R14]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R14-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 114.1.1.2 24 
[R14-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R14]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R14-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 115.1.1.1 24 
[R14-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R14]rip 1 
[R14-rip-1]version 2 
[R14-rip-1]network  114.0.0.0
[R14-rip-1]network  115.0.0.0

AR15

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R15
[R15]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R15-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 115.1.1.2 24 
[R15-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R15]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R15-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 116.1.1.1 24 
[R15-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R15]rip 1 
[R15-rip-1]version 2 
[R15-rip-1]network  115.0.0.0
[R15-rip-1]network  116.0.0.0

AR16

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R16
[R16]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R16-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 116.1.1.2 24 
[R16-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R16]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R16-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 117.1.1.1 24 
[R16-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R16]rip 1 
[R16-rip-1]version 2 
[R16-rip-1]network  116.0.0.0
[R16-rip-1]network  117.0.0.0

AR17

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname  R17
[R17]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[R17-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 117.1.1.2 24 
[R17-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R17]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[R17-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 118.1.1.1 24 
[R17-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
[R17]rip 1 
[R17-rip-1]version 2 
[R17-rip-1]network  117.0.0.0
[R17-rip-1]network  118.0.0.0

验证

我们在AR16查看rip路由

<R16>display ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15       

RIP routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  14          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  13          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       34.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  12          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  11          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       56.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  10          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       67.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  9           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       78.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  8           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       89.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  7           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       90.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  6           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      111.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  5           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      112.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  4           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      113.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  3           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      114.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      115.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
    192.168.1.0/24  RIP     100  15          D   116.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0

RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

<R16>

可以看到可以学到去往192.168.1.0/24网段的路由，开销为15。
我们再到AR17上查看RIP路由

<R17>display  ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15       

RIP routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  15          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  14          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       34.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  13          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  12          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       56.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  11          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       67.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  10          D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       78.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  9           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       89.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  8           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
       90.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  7           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      111.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  6           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      112.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  5           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      113.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  4           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      114.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  3           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      115.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      116.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   117.1.1.1       GigabitEthernet0/0/0

RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

<R17>

可以看到没有学到去往192.168.1.0/24网段的路由。
原因为：AR16学到的路由开销为15，发出时加1，变成16。AR17收到后发现开销为16，既无效路由，自然不会添加到自己的路由表里。
所以我们可以得出一个结论:运行RIP路由协议的路由器最大串联数量为15，超过后将会丢失路由。

猫先生的早茶

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【网络-实验】rip最大有效跳数15

相信给位网工大拿学习RIP时都看到过这样一句话：RIP 使用跳数（Hop Count）来衡量到达目的网络的距离。在RIP中，路由器到与它直接相连网络的跳数为0，每经过一个路由器后跳数加1，其余依此类推。为限制收敛时间，RIP规定metric取值0~15之间的整数，大于或等于16的跳数被定义为无穷大，即目的网络或主机不可达。换成人话说：跳数不能超过16。今天做个实验验证下，网络拓扑图如下：连线的顺序为0口连接上一台设备，1口连接下一台设备。rip版本为2PS:注意哦，是17台路由器串联而不是16
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