【详解】Java多线程之两个阶段终止设计模式

分析

Two-Phase Termination Pattern,指的就是当希望结束一个线程的时候，送出一个终止请求，但是不会马上停止，做一些刷新工作。进入“终止处理中”，在该状态下，不会进行该线程日常工作任务的操作，而是进行一些终止操作。

这个方式所考虑的因素如下：

• 1，必须要考虑到使得该线程能够安全的结束，Thread中的stop会有问题的，因为它会不管线程执行到哪里，都会马上停止，不能保证安全的结束。

• 2，一定能够进行正常的终止处理，在java中，这点可以使用finally来实现

• 3，能够高响应的终止，收到终止后，当线程在wait或者sleep或者join的时候，不用等到时间到才终止，而是马上中断线程的这些状态，进而进行终止操作。

当一个线程正在执行周期性的工作时候，在“作业中”发了停止执行绪的请求，此时该线程不能马上离开停止，而应该先做完本次周期内部的工作，然后进入“善后阶段”完成一些善后的工作，所谓的两阶段终止，即中止“运作阶段”，并完成“善后阶段”，完整的完成执行绪的工作。

基本架构

• 主要通过的是try…finally…，进行必要的资源关闭

public class CounterIncrement extends Thread {
    private volatile boolean terminated = false;

    private int counter = 0;

    private Random random = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            try {
                while (!terminated) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + counter++);
                    Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } finally {
            clean();
        }
    }

    private void clean() {
        System.out.println("Do some clean work for the second phase.   " + counter);
    }

    public void close() {
        this.terminated = true;
        this.interrupt();
    }
}

网络编程中一个常见例子

public class AppServer extends Thread{
    private int port;
    private static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 12755;

    private  volatile boolean start = true;

    private final  ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

    private List<ClientHandler> clientHandlers = new ArrayList<>();

    private ServerSocket server;

    public AppServer(){
        this(DEFAULT_PORT);
    }

    public AppServer(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            server = new ServerSocket(port);
            //监听是否有客户端连接
            while (start){
                Socket client = server.accept();
                ClientHandler clientHandler = new ClientHandler(client);
                clientHandlers.add(clientHandler);
                executor.submit(clientHandler);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally {
            this.dispose();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 执行关闭操作
     */
    private void dispose() {
        clientHandlers.forEach(ClientHandler::stop);
        this.executor.shutdown();
        try {
            this.server.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    public void shutdown() throws IOException {
        this.start = false;
        this.server.close();
    }
}

public class ClientHandler implements Runnable {
    private final Socket socket;

    private volatile boolean running = true;


    public ClientHandler(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try (InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
             OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
             BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
             PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(outputStream)
        ) {
            while (running) {
                String message = br.readLine();
                if (message == null) {
                    return;
                }

                System.out.println("come from client > " + message);
                pw.write("echo " + message + "\n");
                pw.flush();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            this.running = false;
        } finally {
            stop();
        }

    }

    public void stop() {
        if (!running) {
            return;
        }

        this.running = false;


        try {
            this.socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

public class AppServerClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        AppServer appServer = new AppServer(13345);
        appServer.start();

      Thread.sleep(20000);
        appServer.shutdown();
    }
}