openCV学习笔记十五：模板匹配

1.模版匹配——matchTemplate()
2.实现了几个小应用：图像单目标模板匹配、视频单目标模板匹配、

首先来了解三个函数：

minMaxLoc( result, &minVal, &maxVal, &minLoc, &maxLoc, Mat() );
函数中的参数有:
result: 匹配结果矩阵
&minVal 和 &maxVal: 在矩阵 result 中存储的最小值和最大值
&minLoc 和 &maxLoc: 在结果矩阵中最小值和最大值的坐标.
Mat(): 可选的掩模

// A code block
var foo = 'bar';

单模板匹配代码如下;

#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
Mat srcImg = imread("1.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
 Mat tempImg = imread("008.png", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
 cout << "Size of template: " << tempImg.size() << endl; //1.构建结果图像resultImg(注意大小和类型) 
 //如果原图(待搜索图像)尺寸为W x H, 而模版尺寸为 w x h, 则结果图像尺寸一定是(W-w+1)x(H-h+1)
 //结果图像必须为单通道32位浮点型图像
 int width = srcImg.cols - tempImg.cols + 1; 
 int height = srcImg.rows - tempImg.rows + 1; 
 Mat resultImg(Size(width,height),CV_32FC1); //2.模版匹配 
 matchTemplate(srcImg, tempImg, resultImg, CV_TM_CCOEFF_NORMED);
 imshow("result",resultImg); //3.正则化(归一化到0-1)
 normalize(resultImg,resultImg,0,1,NORM_MINMAX,-1); //4.找出resultImg中的最大值及其位置 
 double minValue = 0; 
 double maxValue = 0; 
 Point minPosition; 
 Point maxPosition; 
 minMaxLoc(resultImg,&minValue,&maxValue,&minPosition,&maxPosition); 
 cout << "minValue: " << minValue << endl;
 cout << "maxValue: " << maxValue << endl; 
 cout << "minPosition: " << minPosition << endl; 
 cout << "maxPosition: " << maxPosition << endl;
 //5.根据resultImg中的最大值位置在源图上画出矩形
 rectangle(srcImg,maxPosition,Point(maxPosition.x+tempImg.cols,maxPosition.y+tempImg.rows),Scalar(0,255,0),3,8);
 imshow("srcImg", srcImg); 
 imshow("template", tempImg); 
 waitKey(0);
 return 0;
 }

运行结果如下：

2.视频单目标模板匹配：

// A code block
var foo = 'bar';

代码如下;

#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
//1.定义VideoCapture类对象video，读取视频 
 VideoCapture video(0); 
 //1.1.判断视频是否打开 
 if (!video.isOpened()) 
 {  
 cout << "video open error!" << endl;  
  return 0; 
 } 
 //2.循环读取视频的每一帧，对每一帧进行模版匹配 
 while (1) {  
  //2.1.读取帧  
  Mat frame;  
  video >> frame;  
  //2.2.对帧进行异常检测
  if (frame.empty())  
  {   
   cout << "frame empty" << endl;   
   break;  
  }
  //2.3.对帧进行模版匹配  
  Mat tempImg = imread("999999.JPG", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR); 
  cout << "Size of template: " << tempImg.size() << endl;  
  //2.3.1.构建结果图像resultImg(注意大小和类型)  
  //如果原图(待搜索图像)尺寸为W x H, 而模版尺寸为 w x h, 则结果图像尺寸一定是(W-w+1)x(H-h+1)
  //结果图像必须为单通道32位浮点型图像  
  int width = frame.cols - tempImg.cols + 1;  
  int height = frame.rows - tempImg.rows + 1;  
  Mat resultImg(Size(width, height), CV_32FC1);  
  //2.3.2.模版匹配 
  matchTemplate(frame, tempImg, resultImg, CV_TM_CCOEFF_NORMED);  
  imshow("result", resultImg); 
  //2.3.3.正则化(归一化到0-1) 
  normalize(resultImg, resultImg, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1);  
  //2.3.4.找出resultImg中的最大值及其位置
  double minValue = 0;  
  double maxValue = 0;  
  Point minPosition; 
  Point maxPosition;  
  minMaxLoc(resultImg, &minValue, &maxValue, &minPosition, &maxPosition); 
  cout << "minValue: " << minValue << endl;  
  cout << "maxValue: " << maxValue << endl;  
  cout << "minPosition: " << minPosition << endl;  
  cout << "maxPosition: " << maxPosition << endl;  
  //2.3.5.根据resultImg中的最大值位置在源图上画出矩形 
  rectangle(frame, maxPosition, Point(maxPosition.x + tempImg.cols, maxPosition.y + tempImg.rows), Scalar(0, 255, 0), 1, 8);  
  imshow("srcImg", frame);  
  imshow("template", tempImg);  
  if (waitKey(10) == 27)  
  {   
  cout << "ESC退出" << endl;  
   break; 
  }
 } 
 return 0;
 }

运行结果如下：