WEB服务器代码解析-线程池

locker.h

头文件

#ifndef LOCKER_H
#define LOCKER_H

#include <exception>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

// 线程同步机制封装类

#endif

定义互斥锁类

// 互斥锁类
class locker {
public:
    locker() {//构造函数
        if(pthread_mutex_init(&m_mutex, NULL) != 0) {
            throw std::exception();//抛出异常
        }//初始化互斥锁
    }

    ~locker() {//析构函数
        pthread_mutex_destroy(&m_mutex);
    }//销毁互斥锁

    bool lock() {
        return pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex) == 0;
    }//上锁

    bool unlock() {
        return pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex) == 0;
    }//解锁

    pthread_mutex_t *get()
    {
        return &m_mutex;
    }//获得该锁;

private:
    pthread_mutex_t m_mutex;//定义互斥量;
};

封装条件变量类;

class cond {
public:
    cond(){
        if (pthread_cond_init(&m_cond, NULL) != 0) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造函数,初始化m_cond;
    ~cond() {
        pthread_cond_destroy(&m_cond);
    }
    //析构函数,销毁信号量

    bool wait(pthread_mutex_t *m_mutex) {
        int ret = 0;
        ret = pthread_cond_wait(&m_cond, m_mutex);
        return ret == 0;
    }
    //条件变量wait,需要条件变量以及互斥锁;
    bool timewait(pthread_mutex_t *m_mutex, struct timespec t) {
        int ret = 0;
        ret = pthread_cond_timedwait(&m_cond, m_mutex, &t);
        return ret == 0;
    }
    //超时时间
    bool signal() {
        return pthread_cond_signal(&m_cond) == 0;
    }
    bool broadcast() {
        return pthread_cond_broadcast(&m_cond) == 0;
    }

private:
    pthread_cond_t m_cond;
};

封装信号量类;

// 信号量类
class sem {
public:
    sem() {
        if( sem_init( &m_sem, 0, 0 ) != 0 ) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造函数创建,初始化信号量
    sem(int num) {
        if( sem_init( &m_sem, 0, num ) != 0 ) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造的时候将初始化的值传递进来,两个构造函数;
    ~sem() {
        sem_destroy( &m_sem );
    }
    // 等待信号量
    bool wait() {
        return sem_wait( &m_sem ) == 0;
    }
    // 增加信号量
    bool post() {
        return sem_post( &m_sem ) == 0;
    }
private:
    sem_t m_sem;
};

整体代码:

#ifndef LOCKER_H
#define LOCKER_H

#include <exception>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

// 线程同步机制封装类

// 互斥锁类
class locker {
public:
    locker() {//构造函数
        if(pthread_mutex_init(&m_mutex, NULL) != 0) {
            throw std::exception();//抛出异常
        }//初始化互斥锁
    }

    ~locker() {//析构函数
        pthread_mutex_destroy(&m_mutex);
    }//销毁互斥锁

    bool lock() {
        return pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex) == 0;
    }//上锁

    bool unlock() {
        return pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex) == 0;
    }//解锁

    pthread_mutex_t *get()
    {
        return &m_mutex;
    }//获得该锁;

private:
    pthread_mutex_t m_mutex;
};


// 条件变量类
class cond {
public:
    cond(){
        if (pthread_cond_init(&m_cond, NULL) != 0) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造函数,初始化m_cond;
    ~cond() {
        pthread_cond_destroy(&m_cond);
    }
    //析构函数,销毁信号量

    bool wait(pthread_mutex_t *m_mutex) {
        int ret = 0;
        ret = pthread_cond_wait(&m_cond, m_mutex);
        return ret == 0;
    }
    //条件变量wait,需要条件变量以及互斥锁;
    bool timewait(pthread_mutex_t *m_mutex, struct timespec t) {
        int ret = 0;
        ret = pthread_cond_timedwait(&m_cond, m_mutex, &t);
        return ret == 0;
    }
    //超时时间
    bool signal() {
        return pthread_cond_signal(&m_cond) == 0;
    }
    bool broadcast() {
        return pthread_cond_broadcast(&m_cond) == 0;
    }

private:
    pthread_cond_t m_cond;
};


// 信号量类
class sem {
public:
    sem() {
        if( sem_init( &m_sem, 0, 0 ) != 0 ) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造函数创建,初始化信号量
    sem(int num) {
        if( sem_init( &m_sem, 0, num ) != 0 ) {
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }//构造的时候将初始化的值传递进来,两个构造函数;
    ~sem() {
        sem_destroy( &m_sem );
    }
    // 等待信号量
    bool wait() {
        return sem_wait( &m_sem ) == 0;
    }
    // 增加信号量
    bool post() {
        return sem_post( &m_sem ) == 0;
    }
private:
    sem_t m_sem;
};

#endif

线程池类

threadpool.h

线程池类,将其定义成模版类,可以应用于代码的复用;T代表任务类;

template<typename T>
class threadpool
{
public:

private:
}

在private中定义各种变量

  // 线程的数量
    int m_thread_number;  
    
    // 描述线程池的数组,大小为m_thread_number    
    pthread_t * m_threads;

    // 请求队列中最多允许的、等待处理的请求的数量  
    int m_max_requests; 
    
    // 请求队列
    std::list< T* > m_workqueue;  

    // 保护请求队列的互斥锁
    locker m_queuelocker;   //locker.h中定义过

    // 是否有任务需要处理
    sem m_queuestat;  //locker.h中定义过

    // 是否结束线程          
    bool m_stop;        

public中所有的函数;

  /*thread_number是线程池中线程的数量,max_requests是请求队列中最多允许的、等待处理的请求的数量*/
    threadpool(int thread_number = 8, int max_requests = 10000);//构造函数
    ~threadpool();
    bool append(T* request);//添加任务;

构造函数:

template< typename T >
threadpool< T >::threadpool(int thread_number, int max_requests) : 
        m_thread_number(thread_number), m_max_requests(max_requests), 
        m_stop(false), m_threads(NULL) {

    if((thread_number <= 0) || (max_requests <= 0) ) {
        throw std::exception();
    }

    m_threads = new pthread_t[m_thread_number];
    if(!m_threads) {
        throw std::exception();
    }

    // 创建thread_number 个线程,并将他们设置为脱离线程。
    for ( int i = 0; i < thread_number; ++i ) {
        printf( "create the %dth thread\n", i);
        if(pthread_create(m_threads + i, NULL, worker, this ) != 0) {
            delete [] m_threads;
            throw std::exception();
        }
          //为了在线程使用之后自己释放资源
        
        if( pthread_detach( m_threads[i] ) ) {
            delete [] m_threads;
            throw std::exception();
        }//线程脱离失败,释放线程数组
    }
}

析构函数

template< typename T >
threadpool< T >::~threadpool() {
    delete [] m_threads;
    m_stop = true;
}

往队列中添加任务:

template< typename T >
bool threadpool< T >::append( T* request )
{
    // 操作工作队列时一定要加锁,因为它被所有线程共享。
    m_queuelocker.lock();
    if ( m_workqueue.size() > m_max_requests ) {
        m_queuelocker.unlock();
        return false;
    }
    m_workqueue.push_back(request);
    m_queuelocker.unlock();
    m_queuestat.post();//增加信号量,通过信号量来判断线程是阻塞还是可以立即开始;
    return true;
}
private:
    /*工作线程运行的函数,它不断从工作队列中取出任务并执行之*/
    static void* worker(void* arg);
    void run();
template< typename T >
void* threadpool< T >::worker( void* arg )
{
    threadpool* pool = ( threadpool* )arg;
    pool->run();
    return pool;
}

template< typename T >
void threadpool< T >::run() {

    while (!m_stop) {
        m_queuestat.wait();
        m_queuelocker.lock();
        if ( m_workqueue.empty() ) {//如果工作队列为空;
            m_queuelocker.unlock();
            continue;
        }
        T* request = m_workqueue.front();
        m_workqueue.pop_front();
        m_queuelocker.unlock();
        if ( !request ) {
            continue;
        }
        request->process();
    }

}

整体代码

#ifndef THREADPOOL_H
#define THREADPOOL_H

#include <list>
#include <cstdio>
#include <exception>
#include <pthread.h>
#include "locker.h"

// 线程池类,将它定义为模板类是为了代码复用,模板参数T是任务类
template<typename T>
class threadpool {
public:
    /*thread_number是线程池中线程的数量,max_requests是请求队列中最多允许的、等待处理的请求的数量*/
    threadpool(int thread_number = 8, int max_requests = 10000);
    ~threadpool();
    bool append(T* request);

private:
    /*工作线程运行的函数,它不断从工作队列中取出任务并执行之*/
    static void* worker(void* arg);
    void run();

private:
    // 线程的数量
    int m_thread_number;  
    
    // 描述线程池的数组,大小为m_thread_number    
    pthread_t * m_threads;

    // 请求队列中最多允许的、等待处理的请求的数量  
    int m_max_requests; 
    
    // 请求队列
    std::list< T* > m_workqueue;  

    // 保护请求队列的互斥锁
    locker m_queuelocker;   

    // 是否有任务需要处理
    sem m_queuestat;

    // 是否结束线程          
    bool m_stop;                    
};

template< typename T >
threadpool< T >::threadpool(int thread_number, int max_requests) : 
        m_thread_number(thread_number), m_max_requests(max_requests), 
        m_stop(false), m_threads(NULL) {

    if((thread_number <= 0) || (max_requests <= 0) ) {
        throw std::exception();
    }

    m_threads = new pthread_t[m_thread_number];
    if(!m_threads) {
        throw std::exception();
    }

    // 创建thread_number 个线程,并将他们设置为脱离线程。
    for ( int i = 0; i < thread_number; ++i ) {
        printf( "create the %dth thread\n", i);
        if(pthread_create(m_threads + i, NULL, worker, this ) != 0) {
            delete [] m_threads;
            throw std::exception();
        }
        //使用之后自己释放资源
        
        if( pthread_detach( m_threads[i] ) ) {
            delete [] m_threads;
            throw std::exception();
        }
    }
}

template< typename T >
threadpool< T >::~threadpool() {
    delete [] m_threads;
    m_stop = true;
}

template< typename T >
bool threadpool< T >::append( T* request )
{
    // 操作工作队列时一定要加锁,因为它被所有线程共享。
    m_queuelocker.lock();
    if ( m_workqueue.size() > m_max_requests ) {
        m_queuelocker.unlock();
        return false;
    }
    m_workqueue.push_back(request);
    m_queuelocker.unlock();
    m_queuestat.post();
    return true;
}

template< typename T >
void* threadpool< T >::worker( void* arg )
{
    threadpool* pool = ( threadpool* )arg;
    pool->run();
    return pool;
}

template< typename T >
void threadpool< T >::run() {

    while (!m_stop) {
        m_queuestat.wait();
        m_queuelocker.lock();
        if ( m_workqueue.empty() ) {
            m_queuelocker.unlock();
            continue;
        }
        T* request = m_workqueue.front();
        m_workqueue.pop_front();
        m_queuelocker.unlock();
        if ( !request ) {
            continue;
        }
        request->process();
    }

}

#endif

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