很多场景需要对原始快捷键进行屏蔽操作,不然会产生预期之外的错误,以下是总结的一种较为方便的钩子,用以屏蔽快捷键(内包含键盘按下、抬起事件):
public class KeyboardHook
{
public event System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler KeyDownEvent;
public event KeyPressEventHandler KeyPressEvent;
public event System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler KeyUpEvent;
//Ctrl+Z钩子
public static KeyboardHook k_hook;
public delegate int HookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
static int hKeyboardHook = 0; //声明键盘钩子处理的初始值
//值在Microsoft SDK的Winuser.h里查询
public const int WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13; //线程键盘钩子监听鼠标消息设为2,全局键盘监听鼠标消息设为13
HookProc KeyboardHookProcedure; //声明KeyboardHookProcedure作为HookProc类型
//键盘结构
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class KeyboardHookStruct
{
public int vkCode; //定一个虚拟键码。该代码必须有一个价值的范围1至254
public int scanCode; // 指定的硬件扫描码的关键
public int flags; // 键标志
public int time; // 指定的时间戳记的这个讯息
public int dwExtraInfo; // 指定额外信息相关的信息
}
//使用此功能,安装了一个钩子
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId);
//调用此函数卸载钩子
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(int idHook);
//使用此功能,通过信息钩子继续下一个钩子
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int CallNextHookEx(int idHook, int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
// 取得当前线程编号(线程钩子需要用到)
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();
//使用WINDOWS API函数代替获取当前实例的函数,防止钩子失效
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string name);
public void Start()
{
// 安装键盘钩子
if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
{
KeyboardHookProcedure = new HookProc(KeyboardHookProc);
hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, KeyboardHookProcedure, GetModuleHandle(System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.ModuleName), 0);
//hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, KeyboardHookProcedure, Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]), 0);
//************************************
//键盘线程钩子
//SetWindowsHookEx( 2,KeyboardHookProcedure, IntPtr.Zero, GetCurrentThreadId());//指定要监听的线程idGetCurrentThreadId(),
//键盘全局钩子,需要引用空间(using System.Reflection;)
//SetWindowsHookEx( 13,MouseHookProcedure,Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]),0);
//
//关于SetWindowsHookEx (int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId)函数将钩子加入到钩子链表中,说明一下四个参数:
//idHook 钩子类型,即确定钩子监听何种消息,上面的代码中设为2,即监听键盘消息并且是线程钩子,如果是全局钩子监听键盘消息应设为13,
//线程钩子监听鼠标消息设为7,全局钩子监听鼠标消息设为14。lpfn 钩子子程的地址指针。如果dwThreadId参数为0 或是一个由别的进程创建的
//线程的标识,lpfn必须指向DLL中的钩子子程。 除此以外,lpfn可以指向当前进程的一段钩子子程代码。钩子函数的入口地址,当钩子钩到任何
//消息后便调用这个函数。hInstance应用程序实例的句柄。标识包含lpfn所指的子程的DLL。如果threadId 标识当前进程创建的一个线程,而且子
//程代码位于当前进程,hInstance必须为NULL。可以很简单的设定其为本应用程序的实例句柄。threaded 与安装的钩子子程相关联的线程的标识符
//如果为0,钩子子程与所有的线程关联,即为全局钩子
//************************************
//如果SetWindowsHookEx失败
if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
{
Stop();
throw new Exception("安装键盘钩子失败");
}
}
}
public void Stop()
{
bool retKeyboard = true;
if (hKeyboardHook != 0)
{
retKeyboard = UnhookWindowsHookEx(hKeyboardHook);
hKeyboardHook = 0;
}
if (!(retKeyboard)) throw new Exception("卸载钩子失败!");
}
//ToAscii职能的转换指定的虚拟键码和键盘状态的相应字符或字符
//[DllImport("user32")]
//public static extern int ToAscii(int uVirtKey, //[in] 指定虚拟关键代码进行翻译。
// int uScanCode, // [in] 指定的硬件扫描码的关键须翻译成英文。高阶位的这个值设定的关键,如果是(不压)
// byte[] lpbKeyState, // [in] 指针,以256字节数组,包含当前键盘的状态。每个元素(字节)的数组包含状态的一个关键。如果高阶位的字节是一套,关键是下跌(按下)。在低比特,如果设置表明,关键是对切换。在此功能,只有肘位的CAPS LOCK键是相关的。在切换状态的NUM个锁和滚动锁定键被忽略。
// byte[] lpwTransKey, // [out] 指针的缓冲区收到翻译字符或字符。
// int fuState); // [in] Specifies whether a menu is active. This parameter must be 1 if a menu is active, or 0 otherwise.
//获取按键的状态
//[DllImport("user32")]
//public static extern int GetKeyboardState(byte[] pbKeyState);
//[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
//private static extern short GetKeyState(int vKey);
//private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x100;//KEYDOWN
//private const int WM_KEYUP = 0x101;//KEYUP
//private const int WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x104;//SYSKEYDOWN
//private const int WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x105;//SYSKEYUP
private int KeyboardHookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
//如果返回1,则结束消息,这个消息到此为止,不再传递。
//如果返回0或调用CallNextHookEx函数则消息出了这个钩子继续往下传递,也就是传给消息真正的接受者
if (nCode >= 0)
{
KeyboardHookStruct MyKeyboardHookStruct = (KeyboardHookStruct)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(KeyboardHookStruct));
//需要屏蔽的按键或者组合键在此添加就可以
if (MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode == (int)Keys.Z && (int)Control.ModifierKeys == (int)Keys.Control)
{
return 1;
}
}
return CallNextHookEx(hKeyboardHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
// 侦听键盘事件
//if ((nCode >= 0) && (KeyDownEvent != null || KeyUpEvent != null || KeyPressEvent != null))
//{
// KeyboardHookStruct MyKeyboardHookStruct = (KeyboardHookStruct)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(KeyboardHookStruct));
// // raise KeyDown
// if (KeyDownEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYDOWN || wParam == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
// {
// if (MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode == (int)Keys.Z && (int)Control.ModifierKeys == (int)Keys.Control)
// {
// Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
// System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs e = new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs(keyData);
// KeyDownEvent(this, e);
// return 1;
// }
// }
// //键盘按下
// if (KeyPressEvent != null && wParam == WM_KEYDOWN)
// {
// byte[] keyState = new byte[256];
// GetKeyboardState(keyState);
// byte[] inBuffer = new byte[2];
// if (ToAscii(MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode, MyKeyboardHookStruct.scanCode, keyState, inBuffer, MyKeyboardHookStruct.flags) == 1)
// {
// KeyPressEventArgs e = new KeyPressEventArgs((char)inBuffer[0]);
// KeyPressEvent(this, e);
// }
// }
// // 键盘抬起
// if (KeyUpEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYUP || wParam == WM_SYSKEYUP))
// {
// Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
// System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs e = new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs(keyData);
// KeyUpEvent(this, e);
// }
//}
//return CallNextHookEx(hKeyboardHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}
~KeyboardHook()
{
Stop();
}
}
使用方法,在工具初始化的位置调用:
KeyboardHook.k_hook = new KeyboardHook();
KeyboardHook.k_hook.Start();//安装键盘钩子
在工具结束时,停止钩子:
if (KeyboardHook.k_hook != null)
{
KeyboardHook.k_hook.Stop();
}
以上钩子为总结网络上各位前辈的代码,侵权请告知。本人主要研究方向为Revit二次开发,欢迎沟通交流,QQ:464905795,谢谢。