MySQL8.0.15二进制包安装以及安装后优化

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 23:39:42 发布

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分类专栏：环境搭建 MySQL 文章标签：数据库 mysql

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MySQL8.0.15二进制包安装

文章目录

MySQL8.0.15二进制包安装

一、部署环境

系统版本：
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
数据库版本：
MySQL8.0.15：https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
系统初始化完成

二、开始安装

1.系统配置

1.1 安装需要的软件包

[root@mysql8 ~]# yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel  readline-devel  libaio-devel perl libaio wget lrzsz vim libnuma* bzip2 xz

1.2 修改系统限制参数

[root@mysql8 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#追加以下内容
*           soft   nofile       20480
*           hard   nofile       65535
*           soft   nproc        20480
*           hard   nproc        65535

1.3 修改内核参数

[root@mysql8 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf 
# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
vm.swappiness=0
#增加tcp支持的队列数
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535
##减少断开连接时 ，资源回收
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 8000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 10
##改变本地的端口范围
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
##允许更多的连接进入队列
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096  
##对于只在本地使用的数据库服务器
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
##端口监听队列
net.core.somaxconn=65535
##接受数据的速率
net.core.netdev_max_backlog=65535
net.core.wmem_default=87380
net.core.wmem_max=16777216
net.core.rmem_default=87380
net.core.rmem_max=16777216
---
#修改完成使生效
[root@mysql8 ~]# sysctl -p

2.MySQL安装配置

2.1 解压安装包并建立相关链接

[root@mysql8 ~]# tar -xJf mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /opt/
[root@mysql8 ~]# ln -s /opt/mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2.2 创建用户和相应目录与授权

[root@mysql8 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql8 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin
[root@mysql8 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,logs,tmp}
[root@mysql8 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/mysql_3306/

2.3 编写配置文件

这里通常会在/etc下自动生成一个my.cnf但是我们的需求可能满足不了所以需要自己编写。

#把自带的参数文件备份
[root@mysql8 etc]# mv my.cnf my.cnf.bak
#或者在任意位置执行
if [ -f /etc/my.cnf ]; then
    mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%m`.bak
fi
#编写自定义配置文件
[root@mysql8 ~]cat >/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf <<"EOF"
[client]
port    = 3306
socket    = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

[mysql]
prompt="\u@\h \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
admin_address = 127.0.0.1
basedir    = /usr/local/mysql
datadir    = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
socket    = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock
pid-file = mysql_3306.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip_name_resolve = 1


#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

# Two-Master configure
#server-1 
#auto-increment-offset = 1
#auto-increment-increment = 2 

#server-2                          
#auto-increment-offset = 2
#auto-increment-increment = 2


# semi sync replication settings #
#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin
#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径
plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径

slave_parallel_workers = 4
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK

open_files_limit    = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 1024
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 1536
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
slow_query_log = 1
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log
long_query_time = 0.1
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60
min_examined_row_limit = 100
log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
server-id = 3306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000 
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
slave-rows-search-algorithms = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'
binlog_format = row
binlog_row_image=FULL
binlog_checksum = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30

#transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2867M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G
innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/undolog
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 95

# 根据您的服务器IOPS能力适当调整
# 一般配普通SSD盘的话，可以调整到 10000 - 20000
# 配置高端PCIe SSD卡的话，则可以调整的更高，比如 50000 - 80000
innodb_io_capacity = 4000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000
innodb_flush_sync = 0
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0

# some var for MySQL 8
log_error_verbosity = 3
innodb_print_ddl_logs = 1
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000
#innodb_dedicated_server = 0

innodb_status_file = 1
# 注意: 开启 innodb_status_output & innodb_status_output_locks 后, 可能会导致log-error文件增长较快
innodb_status_output = 0
innodb_status_output_locks = 0

#performance_schema
performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%memory%=on'
performance_schema_instrument = '%lock%=on'

#innodb monitor
innodb_monitor_enable="module_innodb"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_server"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_dml"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ddl"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_trx"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_os"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_purge"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_log"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_lock"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_index"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ibuf_system"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer_page"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_adaptive_hash"


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

[mysqld_safe]
#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so 
nice=-19
open-files-limit=65535

EOF

2.4 使用免密方式初始化数据库

[root@mysql8 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --initialize-insecure  --user=mysql &
#错误日志位置
[root@mysql8 ~]# tail -100f /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log

2.5 首次启动和登陆数据库

#启动
[root@mysql8 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &
#登陆
[root@mysql8 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.
sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3.安装后优化

3.1 数据库启动问题

因为是我们自己配置的参数文件所以启动时需要进行参数文件指定，但是很显然这样会很麻烦，所以我们把它加入到systemctl启动的服务中具体操作如下：

[root@mysql8 ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server 8.0.15
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf  #这里就是我们第一次启动的命令
LimitNOFILE = 5000

保存退出后，测试一下

#启动
[root@mysql8 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql8 ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql     29476      1  0 15:53 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf
mysql     31100  29476 10 15:53 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=mysql_3306.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock --port=3306
root      31165  22391  0 15:53 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
#关闭
[root@mysql8 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@mysql8 ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root      31184  22391  0 15:54 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
#设置开机自启
[root@mysql8 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

3.2 数据库登陆问题

首先把命令导入到/usr/bin下

[root@mysql8 bin]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
[root@mysql8 ~]# source/etc/profile

上面把启动问题解决但是登陆问题还在，我们用的是自己的配置文件，如果按原来登陆的方式登陆会出现找不到socket文件的错误

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock' (2)

把mysql命令设置别名中指定套接字文件位置

[root@mysql8 ~]# vim .bash_profile
#追加
alias mysql="/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock"
[root@mysql8 ~]# source .bash_profile
[root@mysql8 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3.3 修改密码

mysql> alter user user() identified by '1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#登陆测试
[root@mysql8 ~]# mysql -u root -p1234
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

配置及优化完成