1,视频中画框
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
/*
show 2 methods to read a video stream from online-camera or offline-file
C++ Class: VideoCapture
*/
int main()
{
// VideoCapture打开视频流方法1:直接在创建类时指定参数
VideoCapture capFromFile("mu.mp4");
// VideoCapture打开视频流方法2:通过默认构造函数创建对象,然后通过open方法打开视频流
//VideoCapture capFromFile;
//capFromFile.open("E:\\video\\1.avi");
if ( !capFromFile.isOpened())
{
return -1;
}
namedWindow("capFromFile", 0);
cout << "对视频窗口按下任意键退出" << endl;
while (1)
{
Mat frameFromFile;
// get a new frame from file
bool frameB = capFromFile.read(frameFromFile);
rectangle(frameFromFile,cvPoint(500,500),cvPoint(1000,1000),cvScalar(255,0,0),2);
if (!frameB)
{
cout << "摄像头关闭或视频文件读取到结尾" << endl;
break;
}
imshow("capFromFile", frameFromFile);
// 当前帧被显示后,程序等待33ms,如果期间用户触发一个按键,循环退出,视频读入停止
if (waitKey(33) >= 0)
{
cout << "用户按下按键,退出程序" << endl;
break;
}
}
// 这两句可以省略,在程序结束前,VideoCapture会调用析构函数进行资源的释放
capFromFile.release();
destroyAllWindows();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
2,相机标定程序
#include "opencv2/core/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
void main()
{
ifstream fin("D:/vslianxi/标定的图/path.txt"); /* 标定所用图像文件的路径 */
ofstream fout("caliberation_result.txt"); /* 保存标定结果的文件 */
//读取每一幅图像,从中提取出角点,然后对角点进行亚像素精确化
cout << "开始提取角点………………";
int image_count = 0; /* 图像数量 */
Size image_size; /* 图像的尺寸 */
Size board_size = Size(9, 6); /* 标定板上每行、列的角点数 */
vector<Point2f> image_points_buf; /* 缓存每幅图像上检测到的角点 */
vector<vector<Point2f>> image_points_seq; /* 保存检测到的所有角点 */
string filename;
int count = -1;//用于存储角点个数。
while (getline(fin, filename))
{
image_count++;
// 用于观察检验输出
cout << "image_count = " << image_count << endl;
/* 输出检验*/
cout << "-->count = " << count;
Mat imageInput = imread(filename);
if (image_count == 1) //读入第一张图片时获取图像宽高信息
{
image_size.width = imageInput.cols;
image_size.height = imageInput.rows;
cout << "image_size.width = " << image_size.width << endl;
cout << "image_size.height = " << image_size.height << endl;
}
/* 提取角点 */
if (0 == findChessboardCorners(imageInput, board_size, image_points_buf))
{
cout << "can not find chessboard corners!\n"; //找不到角点
exit(1);
}
else
{
Mat view_gray;
cvtColor(imageInput, view_gray, CV_RGB2GRAY);
/* 亚像素精确化 */
find4QuadCornerSubpix(view_gray, image_points_buf, Size(5, 5)); //对粗提取的角点进行精确化
//cornerSubPix(view_gray,image_points_buf,Size(5,5),Size(-1,-1),TermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_EPS+CV_TERMCRIT_ITER,30,0.1));
image_points_seq.push_back(image_points_buf); //保存亚像素角点
/* 在图像上显示角点位置 */
drawChessboardCorners(view_gray, board_size, image_points_buf, false); //用于在图片中标记角点
imshow("Camera Calibration", view_gray);//显示图片
waitKey(500);//暂停0.5S
}
}
int total = image_points_seq.size();
cout << "total = " << total << endl;
int CornerNum = board_size.width*board_size.height; //每张图片上总的角点数
for (int ii = 0; ii < total; ii++)
{
if (0 == ii % CornerNum)// 24 是每幅图片的角点个数。此判断语句是为了输出 图片号,便于控制台观看
{
int i = -1;
i = ii / CornerNum;
int j = i + 1;
cout << "--> 第 " << j << "图片的数据 --> : " << endl;
}
if (0 == ii % 3) // 此判断语句,格式化输出,便于控制台查看
{
cout << endl;
}
else
{
cout.width(10);
}
//输出所有的角点
cout << " -->" << image_points_seq[ii][0].x;
cout << " -->" << image_points_seq[ii][0].y;
}
cout << "角点提取完成!\n";
//以下是摄像机标定
cout << "开始标定………………";
/*棋盘三维信息*/
Size square_size = Size(10, 10); /* 实际测量得到的标定板上每个棋盘格的大小 */
vector<vector<Point3f>> object_points; /* 保存标定板上角点的三维坐标 */
/*内外参数*/
Mat cameraMatrix = Mat(3, 3, CV_32FC1, Scalar::all(0)); /* 摄像机内参数矩阵 */
vector<int> point_counts; // 每幅图像中角点的数量
Mat distCoeffs = Mat(1, 5, CV_32FC1, Scalar::all(0)); /* 摄像机的5个畸变系数:k1,k2,p1,p2,k3 */
vector<Mat> tvecsMat; /* 每幅图像的旋转向量 */
vector<Mat> rvecsMat; /* 每幅图像的平移向量 */
/* 初始化标定板上角点的三维坐标 */
int i, j, t;
for (t = 0; t < image_count; t++)
{
vector<Point3f> tempPointSet;
for (i = 0; i < board_size.height; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < board_size.width; j++)
{
Point3f realPoint;
/* 假设标定板放在世界坐标系中z=0的平面上 */
realPoint.x = i * square_size.width;
realPoint.y = j * square_size.height;
realPoint.z = 0;
tempPointSet.push_back(realPoint);
}
}
object_points.push_back(tempPointSet);
}
/* 初始化每幅图像中的角点数量,假定每幅图像中都可以看到完整的标定板 */
for (i = 0; i < image_count; i++)
{
point_counts.push_back(board_size.width*board_size.height);
}
/* 开始标定 */
calibrateCamera(object_points, image_points_seq, image_size, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, rvecsMat, tvecsMat, 0);
cout << "标定完成!\n";
//对标定结果进行评价
cout << "开始评价标定结果………………\n";
double total_err = 0.0; /* 所有图像的平均误差的总和 */
double err = 0.0; /* 每幅图像的平均误差 */
vector<Point2f> image_points2; /* 保存重新计算得到的投影点 */
cout << "\t每幅图像的标定误差:\n";
fout << "每幅图像的标定误差:\n";
for (i = 0; i < image_count; i++)
{
vector<Point3f> tempPointSet = object_points[i];
/* 通过得到的摄像机内外参数,对空间的三维点进行重新投影计算,得到新的投影点 */
projectPoints(tempPointSet, rvecsMat[i], tvecsMat[i], cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, image_points2);
/* 计算新的投影点和旧的投影点之间的误差*/
vector<Point2f> tempImagePoint = image_points_seq[i];
Mat tempImagePointMat = Mat(1, tempImagePoint.size(), CV_32FC2);
Mat image_points2Mat = Mat(1, image_points2.size(), CV_32FC2);
for (int j = 0; j < tempImagePoint.size(); j++)
{
image_points2Mat.at<Vec2f>(0, j) = Vec2f(image_points2[j].x, image_points2[j].y);
tempImagePointMat.at<Vec2f>(0, j) = Vec2f(tempImagePoint[j].x, tempImagePoint[j].y);
}
err = norm(image_points2Mat, tempImagePointMat, NORM_L2);
total_err += err /= point_counts[i];
std::cout << "第" << i + 1 << "幅图像的平均误差:" << err << "像素" << endl;
fout << "第" << i + 1 << "幅图像的平均误差:" << err << "像素" << endl;
}
std::cout << "总体平均误差:" << total_err / image_count << "像素" << endl;
fout << "总体平均误差:" << total_err / image_count << "像素" << endl << endl;
std::cout << "评价完成!" << endl;
//保存定标结果
std::cout << "开始保存定标结果………………" << endl;
Mat rotation_matrix = Mat(3, 3, CV_32FC1, Scalar::all(0)); /* 保存每幅图像的旋转矩阵 */
fout << "相机内参数矩阵:" << endl;
fout << cameraMatrix << endl << endl;
fout << "畸变系数:\n";
fout << distCoeffs << endl << endl << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < image_count; i++)
{
fout << "第" << i + 1 << "幅图像的旋转向量:" << endl;
fout << tvecsMat[i] << endl;
/* 将旋转向量转换为相对应的旋转矩阵 */
Rodrigues(tvecsMat[i], rotation_matrix);
fout << "第" << i + 1 << "幅图像的旋转矩阵:" << endl;
fout << rotation_matrix << endl;
fout << "第" << i + 1 << "幅图像的平移向量:" << endl;
fout << rvecsMat[i] << endl << endl;
}
std::cout << "完成保存" << endl;
fout << endl;
/************************************************************************
显示定标结果
*************************************************************************/
Mat mapx = Mat(image_size, CV_32FC1);
Mat mapy = Mat(image_size, CV_32FC1);
Mat R = Mat::eye(3, 3, CV_32F);
std::cout << "保存矫正图像" << endl;
string imageFileName;
std::stringstream StrStm;
for (int i = 0; i != image_count; i++)
{
std::cout << "Frame #" << i + 1 << "..." << endl;
initUndistortRectifyMap(cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, R, cameraMatrix, image_size, CV_32FC1, mapx, mapy);
StrStm.clear();
imageFileName.clear();
string filePath = "chess";
StrStm << i + 1;
StrStm >> imageFileName;
filePath += imageFileName;
filePath += ".bmp";
Mat imageSource = imread(filePath);
Mat newimage = imageSource.clone();
//另一种不需要转换矩阵的方式
//undistort(imageSource,newimage,cameraMatrix,distCoeffs);
remap(imageSource, newimage, mapx, mapy, INTER_LINEAR);
StrStm.clear();
filePath.clear();
StrStm << i + 1;
StrStm >> imageFileName;
imageFileName += "_d.jpg";
imwrite(imageFileName, newimage);
}
std::cout << "保存结束" << endl;
return;
}
3矩阵乘法
#include "core/core.hpp"
#include "iostream"
#include "math.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
Mat A = Mat::ones(3, 4, CV_32FC1);
Mat B = Mat::ones(3, 2, CV_32FC1);
Mat AB;
A.at<float>(0, 0) = 1;
A.at<float>(0, 1) = 2;
A.at<float>(0, 2) = 3;
A.at<float>(0, 3) = 4;
A.at<float>(1, 0) = 4;
A.at<float>(1, 1) = 5;
A.at<float>(1, 2) = 6;
A.at<float>(1, 3) = 5;
A.at<float>(2, 0) = 4;
A.at<float>(2, 1) = 5;
A.at<float>(2, 2) = 6;
A.at<float>(2, 3) = 6;
B.at<float>(0, 0) = 1;
B.at<float>(0, 1) = 2;
B.at<float>(1, 0) = 3;
B.at<float>(1, 1) = 4;
B.at<float>(2, 0) = 5;
B.at<float>(2, 1) = 6;
AB = A * B;
Mat A = Mat::ones(1, 3, CV_32FC1);
Mat B = Mat::ones(4, 1, CV_32FC1);
Mat AB;
A.at<float>(0, 0) = 1;
A.at<float>(0, 1) = 2;
A.at<float>(0, 2) = 3;
A.at<float>(0, 3) = 4;
A.at<float>(1, 0) = 4;
A.at<float>(1, 1) = 5;
A.at<float>(1, 2) = 6;
A.at<float>(1, 3) = 5;
A.at<float>(2, 0) = 4;
A.at<float>(2, 1) = 5;
A.at<float>(2, 2) = 6;
A.at<float>(2, 3) = 6;
B.at<float>(0, 0) = recvBuf[2];
B.at<float>(1, 0) = recvBuf[3];
B.at<float>(2, 0) = 1;
B.at<float>(2, 0) = 0;
AB = A * B;
}