文章目录 Orthogonal complements V ⊥ V^\perp V⊥ is a subspace. N ( A ) = ( R ( A ) ) ⊥ N(A)=(R(A))^\perp N(A)=(R(A))⊥ N ( B T ) = ( C ( B ) ) ⊥ N(B^T)=(C(B))^\perp N(BT)=(C(B))⊥ d i m ( V ) + d i m ( V ⊥ ) = n dim(V)+dim(V^\perp)=n dim(V)+dim(V⊥)=n Representing vectors in R n R^n Rn using subspace members ( V ⊥ ) ⊥ (V^\perp)^\perp (V⊥)⊥ Unique rowspace solution to A x = b Ax = b Ax=b Rowspace solution to Ax = b example Orthogonal complements orthogonal complement 正交补 V ⊥ V^\perp V⊥ V ⊥ V^\perp V⊥ is a subspace. N ( A ) = ( R ( A ) ) ⊥ N(A)=(R(A))^\perp N(A)=(R(A))⊥ N ( B T ) = ( C ( B ) ) ⊥ N(B^T)=(C(B))^\perp N(BT)