python 字符串怎么补零到规定位数

'''
原字符串左侧对齐， 右侧补零:
'''
str.ljust(width,'0')
input: '789'.ljust(32,'0')
output: '78900000000000000000000000000000'


'''
原字符串右侧对齐， 左侧补零:
方法一：
'''
str.rjust(width,'0')
input: '798'.rjust(32,'0')
output: '00000000000000000000000000000798'
'''
方法二：
'''
str.zfill(width)
input: '123'.zfill(32)
output:'00000000000000000000000000000123'
'''
方法三：
'''
'%07d' % n
input: '%032d' % 89
output:'00000000000000000000000000000089'

示例

def xyz_to_msg(x : int,y : int,z : int) -> str:

   assert len(str(x)) <= 5, 'The length of x cannot be greater than 5!'
   assert len(str(y)) <= 5, 'The length of y cannot be greater than 5!'
   assert len(str(z)) <= 5, 'The length of z cannot be greater than 5!'

   msg_x = str(x).rjust(5,'0') if x > 0 else '-' + str(-x).rjust(4,'0')
   msg_y = str(y).rjust(5,'0') if y > 0 else '-' + str(-y).rjust(4,'0')
   msg_z = str(z).rjust(5,'0') if z > 0 else '-' + str(-z).rjust(4,'0')
   msg = msg_x + msg_y + msg_z
   return  msg