一.定义一个结构体类型
1.定义一个数据类型,固定大小内存块的别名,还没有分配内存
struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
int age;
int id;
};
用结构体类型定义一个变量
struct Teacher t1;//告诉c编译器给我分配内存
2.或者使用类型的重定义
typedef struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
int age;
int id;
}Teacher;
用结构体类型定义一个变量
Teacher t1;
二.用结构体类型定义变量
1.用类型定义变量
Teacher t1;
2.定义类型的同时定义变量
struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
int age;
}s1,s2;
3.或者采用隐式的结构体,类型没有,直接挂名字
struct
{
char name[64];
int age;
}s1,s2;
三、初始化变量
1.定义变量的同时初始化变量
Teacher t1 = {"aaa",31,01};
struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
int age;
}s1={"aaa",31};
struct
{
char name[64];
int age;
}s1={"aaa",31};
四、变量的引用
typedef struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
int age;
int id;
}Teacher;
Teacher t1;
Teacher t2={"bbb",32,02};
1.l利用符号“.”.是寻址操作,计算age相对于t1的偏移量=》计算,在cpu中进行,没有操作内存,“=”操作内存
t1.age=31;
strcpy(t1.name,"t1.name");
printf("t1.name:%s\n",t1.name);
2.通过指针的方式操作内存空间,是寻址操作,计算,在cpu中进行,没有操作内存,“=”操作内存
Teacher *p=NULL;
p=&p2;
printf("p->age:%d\n"p->age)
五、结构体指针做函数参数
void copyTeacher(Teacher *from, Teacher *to)
{
*to=*from;
}
int main()
{
Teacher t1={"bbb",32,02};
Teacher t2;
copyTeacher(&t1,&t2);
}
六、结构体中套一级指针
typedef struct Teacher
{
char name[64];
char *alisname;
int age;
int id;
}Teacher;
int createTeacher(Teacher **pT, int num)
{
int i=0;
Teacher *tmp=NULL;
tmp=(Teacher *)malloc(sizeof(Teacher)* num);
if(tmp==NULL)
{
return -1;
}
memset(tmp,0,sizeof(Teacher)* num);
for(i=0;i<um;i++)
{
tmp[].alisname=(char*)malloc(60);
}
*pT=tmp;//二级指针 形参 间接修改实参的值
return 0;
}
void FreeTeacher(Teacher *p, int num)
{
int i=0;
if(p==NULL)
{
return;
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if(p[i].alisname != NULL)
{
free(p[i].alisname);
}
}
free(p);
}
void main()
{
int ret=0;
int i=0;
int num=3;
Teacher *pArray=NULL;
ret=createTeacher(&pArray,num);
if(ret!=0)
{
printf("error");
return ret;
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
printf("\nplease enter age:");
scanf("%d",&(pArray[i].age));
printf("\nplease enter name:");
scanf("%d",pArray[i].name);
printf("\nplease enter alisname:");
scanf("%d",pArray[i].alisname);
}
FreeTeacher(pArray,num);
systen("pause");
return;
}