三边相等的四边形与60 ° 角 \Huge\textsf{三边相等的四边形与60}\degree\textsf{角} 三边相等的四边形与60°角
解决题目的关键是:
看到两个已知角的和是 60 ° 60\degree 60°的倍数,
就可以构造正三角形。
直接上题!
例<1> \Large\texttt{例<1>} 例<1>
如图, A B = B C = C D , ∠ C = 80 ° , ∠ B = 160 ° , AB = BC = CD,\;\angle C=80\degree ,\;\angle B=160\degree , AB=BC=CD,∠C=80°,∠B=160°,求 ∠ A . \angle A. ∠A.
此题在我的这篇文章中已经介绍过了,但我还是把过程再来一遍。
解:
以 C D CD CD为边向上作正三角形 C E D CED CED,连接 A E AE AE,则 A B = B C = C D = C E = E D AB = BC = CD = CE = ED AB=BC=CD=CE=ED
∠ B C E = ∠ B C D − ∠ E C D = 80 ° − 60 ° = 20 ° = 180 ° − ∠ B , ∴ A B ∥ C E \angle BCE = \angle BCD - \angle ECD = 80\degree - 60\degree = 20\degree = 180\degree - \angle B ,\;\therefore AB \parallel CE ∠BCE=∠BCD−∠ECD=80°−60°=20°=180°−∠B,∴AB∥CE
又 ∵ A B = B C = C E , ∴ \because AB = BC = CE,\;\therefore \; ∵AB=BC=CE,∴四边形 A B C E ABCE ABCE为菱形, ∴ A E = … … = E D . \therefore AE = …… = ED . ∴AE=……=ED.
∠ A E D = 360 ° − ∠ A E C − ∠ C E D = 360 ° − 160 ° − 60 ° = 140 ° \angle AED = 360\degree - \angle AEC - \angle CED = 360\degree - 160\degree - 60\degree = 140\degree ∠AED=360°−∠AEC−∠CED=360°−160°−60°=140°
∴ ∠ E A D = ∠ E D A = ( 180 ° − 140 ° ) / 2 = 20 ° \therefore \angle EAD = \angle EDA = (180\degree - 140\degree)/2 = 20\degree ∴∠EAD=∠EDA=(180°−140°)/2=20°
∴ ∠ B A D = ∠ B A E + ∠ E A D = 20 ° + 20 ° = 40 ° . \therefore \angle BAD = \angle BAE + \angle EAD = 20\degree + 20\degree = 40\degree . ∴∠BAD=∠BAE+∠EAD=20°+20°=40°.
例<2> \Large\texttt{例<2>} 例<2>
如图, A B = B C = C D , ∠ B = 150 ° , ∠ C = 90 ° , AB = BC = CD ,\;\angle B = 150\degree , \angle C = 90\degree , AB=BC=CD,∠B=150°,∠C=90°,求 ∠ A . \angle A . ∠A.
解:还是底边造正三角形。
同理 E D = E C = D C = E A = A B = B C , ∴ A B C E ED = EC = DC = EA = AB = BC ,\;\therefore ABCE ED=EC=DC=EA=AB=BC,∴ABCE为菱形,
∴ ∠ A E C = ∠ B = 150 ° , ∠ E A B = ∠ E C B = 30 ° . \therefore \angle AEC = \angle B = 150\degree ,\;\angle EAB = \angle ECB = 30\degree . ∴∠AEC=∠B=150°,∠EAB=∠ECB=30°.
∵ ∠ A E C = 150 ° , ∠ D E C = 60 ° , ∴ ∠ A E D = 150 ° , \because \angle AEC = 150\degree , \;\angle DEC = 60\degree ,\;\therefore \angle AED = 150\degree , ∵∠AEC=150°,∠DEC=60°,∴∠AED=150°,
又 ∵ E A = E D , ∴ ∠ E A D = ∠ E D A = 15 ° . \because EA = ED,\;\therefore \angle EAD = \angle EDA = 15\degree . ∵EA=ED,∴∠EAD=∠EDA=15°.
∴ ∠ A = ∠ D A E + ∠ B A E = 15 ° + 30 ° = 45 ° . \therefore \angle A = \angle DAE + \angle BAE = 15\degree + 30\degree = 45\degree . ∴∠A=